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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Stress and psychosomatic disease].

Psychosomatic disease has become almost synonymous with stress-related diseases. It is defined as a somatic disorder with influences from various types of stress. The physical reactions to stress are generally divided into three principal areas:those affecting the autonomic nervous system, the endocrine system or the immune system. However, recent studies show that these three areas actually affect one another and this, in turn, affects the body's homeostasis. In the stress-filled environment we live in, on-going research on psychosomatic disease and stress will continue to play a vital role in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.

Homeostasis↗
PubMed1984

[Significance of object loss on the course of psychosomatic diseases].

Psychosomatic diseases are organic diseases in the pathogenesis of which a psychic factor has an important significance. They are no nosological unit. Psychotherapeutic experience with such patients causes us to search for the different measure of this psychic disturbance. The authors deal with the research on narcissism and object loss which has again been performed since 10 years. The psychosomatic patient has difficulties with overcoming discouraging events (object losses) which evoke a depressive reaction in him. Pathophysiological connections between the reactive depression and the organic lesion are discussed. The psychotherapy has a double task: actual influence on the depressive reaction as well as the aid of learning a more suitable form of explanation of the discouragement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Menière's disease. A psychosomatic disease?].

Although psychosomatic aspects of Meniere's disease have already been pointed out by some authors, few papers have been publisched on this question. 48 patients suffering from Meniere's disease underwent in addition of a complete audiological examination a psychosomatic study using two psychometric auto evaluation tests. It appears that patients suffering from Meniere's disease have a significantly different psychopathologic personality than normals (anxiety, depressive tendency, phobia). Besides, an obvious correlation is found between deafness, vertigo's recurrences and psychopathological disorders. These findings must be taken into consideration to treat patients suffering from Meniere'es disease.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Problem of specific syndrome formation in psychosomatic disease situations. (Psychodynamics of rheumatic diseases)].

Three features of psychosomatic diseases with negative rheumafactor were psychoanalytically investigated (35 patients). Each of these diseases (the Palindromic Rheumatism, the Reiters Disease and the Psoriatic Arthritis), showed a characteristic syndrome. Corresponding with the patients with rheumafactor-positive Rheumatoid Arthritis was only the fact of inhibited aggressive impulses in the somatic field by the blockade of the muscle system. We believe that this study proves our earlier found thesis, that in psychosomatic diseases we have to work out the specific conflict, the specific psychodynamic ambivalence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Oriental drugs and herbs (crude drug) for psychosomatic diseases.

In the case of psychosomatic disease, it seems that every Oriental drug produces the same effect. Similar to other symptomatic therapies, treatment of Zheng with an Oriental drug results in improvement of psychosomatic disease. Thus, patients differ between Chaikojialonglotsuboleitang and Guizhifulingwan. Principle indications are neither sleeplessness nor irritation, but pressure pain and resistance in the right upper abdomen in the former drug and pressure pain and resistance in the left lower abdomen in the latter. Treatment with the drug according to this procedure consequently results in recovery from the disease. This is the reason why we call it a radical therapy, not a symptomatic one. As the Oriental drug produces extremely favorable effects in psychosomatic disease and often cures it radically, we believe that this therapy should be applied as a first choice among the drug therapies available.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

[Etiology of psychosomatic diseases in childhood (author's transl)].

The etiology of psychosomatic diseases in childhood is discussed. At first the most frequent causes of psychosomatic diseases are briefly reviewed; then the fact is discussed in detail that psychosomatic diseases in childhood are only to understand if one pays attention to the disturbed interrelationship between parents and child. This context makes it necessary that the parents are included in the therapeutic approach. In regard to therapy it is very important to reinstitute the psychosomatic unity; this means, to distract the patient from his somatic symptom and confront himself with his own-personal problems. The appearance of a somatic disease is considered as an effective defense-mechanism and may be understood as an "escape into the disease".

Child↗
PubMed1986

[Aspects of process diagnosis in the psychotherapy of psychosomatic diseases].

15 patients with psychosomatic diseases and the phenomenon of alexithymia, together with neurotic patients are treated psychotherapeutically in half-open groups. Contrary to the neurotics the patients show some special features regarding the process diagnostics. In assessing the wished and really experienced nearness to the group members there is a deficient ability to differentiate. During the therapeutic process the intrapsychic tension (EMI - Inventory of Emotionalities) is subject to great fluctuations or doesn't change. The occurrence of fluctuations in the EMI and of greater differentiations in the N-D-Test (Nearness-Distance-Test) suggest a good prognosis. A therapy of psychosomatic patients together with neurotic patients seems to be more effective than the treatment in homogeneous groups.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Capacitive requirement for acute in-patient care of patients with psychosomatic diseases in bavaria].

Estimations of the requirement for acute in-patient care of patients with psychosomatic diseases in Bavaria have to rely on respective data on their incidence and prevalence as valid requirement data are missing. The required capacity of in-patient beds depends on several, inconsistently figured parameters: hospitalization rate, length of stay, occupancy rate. Based on conservative assumptions the hospitalization rate was calculated to be at least 1.3 admissions per 1000 and for adequate treatment the average length of stay should not be limited to less than 50 days. In order to avoid unnecessary delay of treatment a realistic occupancy rate has to be 90 %. Thus the minimal capacity for in-patient care is assessed to be 2453 beds. At present patients with psychosomatic diseases in Bavaria receive in-patient treatment in psychosomatic departments of general hospitals, hospitals and rehab clinics of psychosomatic and psychotherapeutic medicine, and in hospitals of psychiatry and psychotherapy, in each with a different focus. When the expertise was drafted these acute care and rehab hospitals provided some 2500 beds - with only 76 beds in general hospitals. For quality assessment of the available beds for in-patient care and future planning minimal standards of structural quality have to be consented. At present it is not possible to make a clear and substantial distinction between the treatment for patients with psychosomatic diseases in acute-care hospitals and in psychosomatic rehab clinics respectively. Thus, the necessary in-patient rehab capacity can only be assessed roughly. The existing pluralism of the in-patient care providing system for patients with psychosomatic diseases is considered to be appropriate for different needs of this patient group. In the future excellent care for this patient group will acknowledge options for a more flexible and interconnected care-providing system. This is a publication of the complete expertise by the project group "Acute In-patient Care for Patients with Psychosomatic Diseases in Bavaria" which has been handed to the Bavarian Ministry of Social Affairs in December 1999.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed2001

[Is alopecia areata a psychosomatic disease?].

INTRODUCTION: Destruction of hair follicles by lymphocytes induces alopecia aerata. Hence, immunological mechanisms are involved in this disease, as for numerous dermatoses. Nonetheless, alopecia aerata appears to be a psychosomatic disease. Is there any contradiction? CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND KEY POINTS: Alopecia aerata often occurs after stress, particularly during mourning. Psychiatric disorders are more frequent in patients with alopecia than in healthy subjects. But these disorders might be secondary to the visible hair disease. Psychopathological mechanisms need to be clarified but alexithymia seems to be the key for understanding how stress could induce hair loss. In the skin (and the scalp) all functions are narrowly controlled by nerve fibers. Among these functions are hair growth and immunity. Immune cells and hair follicle cells possess receptors for neurotransmitters, which are synthesized by neuronal endings. When activated, these receptors are able to modulate cell properties. The same phenomena are described with stress-induced hormones. In alopecia aerata, like in numerous other diseases, psychosomatics and immunology are not opposed because immune cells are controlled by the nervous system through neurotransmitters. FUTURE PROSPECTS AND PROJECTS: Research needs to be thorough in both the fields of psychology and neurobiology. Psychotherapies or psychotropes appear to be useful in the treatment of alopecia aerata.

Alopecia Areata↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sibling constellation and psychosomatic disease in adult years].

Patients of a psychosomatic department are described with regard to their sex, the number of siblings, and the position within the respective sibship. The tendency of seeking stationary psychoanalytic help in psychosomatic diseases seems to increase with the number of siblings. A prevalence of helders of a middle position is found. Correlation between sibling constellation and the nature of a psychosomatic disease could not be statistically proven.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A role of psychosomatic cycles in genesis of psychosomatic diseases].

900 patients with different psychosomatic diseases were observed. A leading mechanism of the pathology development was found to be formation (through the period of psychosomatic reactions) of mono- and polysystemic psychosomatic cycles responsible for the development of both primary and secondary psychosomatoses in context of a single psychosomatic continuum. On the basis of neurotic depression, at first, primary psychosomatosis developed. Besides, quantitative increase of psychosomatic pathology was observed within a damaged system. As far as monosystemic psychosomatic cycle transformed into polysystemic one, secondary psychosomatosis formed including psychosomatic pathology of some other organs and systems.

Affect↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic assessment and documentation of psychosomatic diseases].

Besides the notion of psychosomatic medicine as a way of viewing, there is need of a definition of so-called psychosomatic diseases from the aspect of demarcation against general bio-psycho-social interactions. To this end, evidence of a framework of conditions has to be provided which integrates organopathological, experience-related psychological and social parameters. The traditional medical history must be broadened to cover these connections and for this purpose an orientation system is presented.

Documentation↗
PubMed1990

Socialization and psychosomatic disease: an empirical study of the educational style of parents with psychosomatic children.

Starting from the assumption that psychosomatic diseases are distinct from neuroses and different kinds of socialization tend to predispose to the two disorders, the educational style of parents with psychosomatic children (n = 79, 30 bronchial asthma, 19 ulcerative colitis, 30 atopic dermatitis) and with neurotic children (n = 51) was studied. Children and parents were given questionnaires on parental educational attitudes, techniques and goals. Significant differences were found on various dimensions, which indicate for example closer mother-child ties as well as father-child ties in the psychosomatic families. The results from this study are consistent with the concept of a restrictive socialization in psychosomatic families.

Asthma↗
PubMed1991

[Psychosomatic diseases of adolescents].

Psychosomatic reactions and disturbancies occur frequently in adolescence. Their dramatic presentation is characteristic for the inner feeling of uniqueness, instability and loneliness of this phase of life. Grownups seem far away and unable to understand what is really going on. The pediatrician being consulted needs special interest and knowledge of the specific dynamics of adolescence and should remember his own youth. He should avoid involving the patient into unnecessary and harmful physical examinations, because they tend to aggravate and fixate the symptom. He must succeed as competent listener without reminding the youngster of the wellment advises of parents and teachers. Often he will feel entangled into a voyage through a jungle of emotions and somatic signals where his function will be to guide and accompany his young patient safely out into the light of adulthood. This paper presents a pediatric and psychodynamic approach to some frequent psychosomatic disorders of adolescence. It discusses Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Somatisation Syndrome, Conversion Syndrome, suicidal attempt and physical conditions affected by psychological factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quality of life in psychosomatic diseases].

To study life quality (LQ) in psychosomatic diseases, 104 patients (58 females and 46 males) with these diseases were examined. Among them there were 35 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), 28 with arterial hypertension (AH), 21 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), 20 with duodenal peptic ulcer (PU). A matched group comprised 26 patients with acute pneumonia (AP). Low LQ was determined according to all 3 components: somatic, mental, and social. The lowest LQ was noted in patients with CHD, AH, and DM, indicating severity of these diseases accompanying marked changes in all spheres of life. PU was characterized by higher values that showed a fair LQ and that were due to a more favorable course of the disease. Patients with AP had a high LQ, which suggests that this acute disease does not lower LQ or accompany pronounced changes in human life. By and large, paychosomatic patients' LQ depended on age, severity, stage, and duration of a disease, disability.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Psychosomatic diseases and the Rorschach test.

Despite numerous efforts to identify a Rorschach profile uniquely associated with and helpful in diagnosing psychosomatic conditions, none has been demonstrated to exist. Although certain Rorschach characteristics have been consistently observed in studies of patients with psychosomatic diseases and can shed light on personality features of these individuals, similar characteristics are encountered in a variety of other conditions as well. This state of affairs is attributable not to short-comings in the Rorschach test, but rather to inadequate conceptualization and categorization of psychosomatic disease.

Fantasy↗