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Results for “PREDNISOLONE, TOPICAL”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Treatment of herpes simplex virus stromal keratitis unresponsive to topical prednisolone 1% with topical cyclosporine 0.05%.

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of topical cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis) in patients with herpes simplex virus nonnecrotizing stromal keratitis unresponsive to topical prednisolone. DESIGN: Prospective case series. METHODS: Patients with herpes simplex virus stromal keratitis (n = 12) that was unresponsive to topical prednisolone acetate 1% for at least four weeks were evaluated at a single site. Eyes were treated with topical cyclosporine twice a day and begun on a rapid prednisolone taper. Visual acuity, slit-lamp appearance, intraocular pressure, and corneal sensitivity were evaluated every two weeks for at least three months. RESULTS: Stromal keratitis resolved with cyclosporine in 10 of 12 patients after one month. The mean lesion area decreased more with cyclosporine than with prednisolone (2.0 mm with cyclosporine compared with 0.25 mm with prednisolone). After stopping cyclosporine therapy, four patients had recurrence of stromal keratitis. CONCLUSION: This series suggests that herpes simplex virus stromal keratitis can be treated effectively with topical cyclosporine, particularly in cases that are not responsive to topical prednisolone.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

Reduction of the hyaluronate concentration in rabbit aqueous humour by topical prednisolone.

Rabbits were treated topically with prednisolone for 5 or 10 days and aqueous humour removed immediately after treatment as well as 10 and 20 days later. The hyaluronate concentration was significantly lower in the treated eyes compared to control eyes. It returned to the normal level after withdrawal of the drug. Repeated sampling of aqueous humour at intervals of 10 days did not influence the hyaluronate concentration in the control group.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Collagen corneal shields enhance penetration of topical prednisolone acetate.

We used an animal model to compare the corneal and aqueous penetration of topical prednisolone acetate 1% with and without the presence of a commercially available collagen corneal shield. A significant (P less than .02) increase in penetration into cornea and aqueous humor at 30 minutes and 120 minutes was found in eyes with a collagen corneal shield in place. Increased concentrations were achieved by soaking the shield in prednisolone acetate for 15 minutes prior to application.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of topical prednisolone acetate, ketorolac tromethamine and fluorometholone acetate in reducing inflammation after phacoemulsification.

AIMS: To compare the efficacy and ocular adverse effects of topical prednisolone acetate, ketorolac tromethamine, and fluorometholone acetate in reducing inflammation after phacoemulsification. METHOD: One hundred and twenty eyes were enrolled in a prospective, investigator-masked, randomized controlled trial. Each drug was prescribed 4 times a day for 28 days. The following data were recorded weekly: visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit lamp biomicroscopy, grading of cells and flare in the anterior chamber, and ocular symptoms. RESULTS: The number of eyes with a minimal amount of cells in the anterior chamber in the ketorolac group was less than the prednisolone group on day 7 (11:20, p = 0.008) and day 14 (23:31, p = 0.015), and than fluorometholone group on day 7 (11:21, p = 0.011). Intraocular pressure in the prednisolone group was higher than the ketorolac group on day 21 (14.6:12.2 mmHg, p = 0.016). One eye in the prednisolone group had intraocular pressure of 32 mmHg. Burning sensation was reported frequently in the ketorolac group. CONCLUSION: All 3 drugs were effective in reducing post-operative inflammation. The efficacy of prednisolone acetate and fluorometholone acetate was comparable. Ketorolac tromethamine showed less efficacy than corticosteroids, however, it did not induce ocular hypertension.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1995

[Monotherapy vs combination therapy with topical prednisolone and indomethacin].

UNLABELLED: The anti-inflammatory effects of topical steroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are claimed to be additive, according to fluorophotometric measurements. This finding was reevaluated using laser flare-cell photometry. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients (61-79 years of age) without pre-existing deficiencies of the blood-aqueous barrier were investigated preoperatively as well as on day 1 and 3 after ECCE with IOL implantation. The laser flare-cell photometer (model FC-1000; Kowa Company) which was used for examination enables sensitive and exact in vivo determination of aqueous flare. The patients were randomly assigned to one of the following three treatment groups: group A, monotherapy with prednisolone 1% eyedrops (Inflanefran forte); group B, monotherapy with indomethacin 1% eyedrops (Chibro Amuno); group C, combination therapy with prednisolone 1% + indomethacin 1% eyedrops. One drop of either drug was administered five times per day to each patient, beginning immediately after completion of surgery. In addition, all patients received antibiotic therapy with gentamicin. Parabulbar or oral steroids were not administered. RESULTS: Under monotherapy with prednisolone, the flare (photon counts/ms) on days 1 and 3 postoperatively averaged 30.9 and 27.8, respectively. Under indomethacin monotherapy, the flare values were similar (no significant differences). Under combination therapy with prednisolone+indomethacin, however, the flare values were significantly lower both on day 1 (24.2) and on day 3 (20.6). CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with topical prednisolone+indomethacin thus seems superior to monotherapy with either of these agents. This confirms the previous fluorophotometric finding that the anti-inflammatory effects of topical steroids and NSAID are additive, a phenomenon attributable to different pharmacological sites of action.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Optimal frequency of topical prednisolone administration.

The relationship between the frequency with which 0.125% and 1.0% prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspensions are instilled and the anti-inflammatory effect they achieve in the cornea was studied. Within the time limits of the experimental protocol, application of the drug at four-hour intervals failed to produce an effect while hourly administration of both concentrations of the corticosteroid produced a substantial anti-inflammatory effect. Instillation at 15-minute intervals resulted in a significantly (P less than .05) greater reduction of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes invading the cornea than did administration of the medication every hour. If five doses of prednisolone acetate were applied topically at one-minute intervals each hour, both concentrations of this corticosteroid produced a therapeutic effect in the cornea equal to that achieved by administration of the drug every 15 minutes.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2006

Effect of topical prednisolone and diclofenac on the short-term change in morphology of posterior capsular opacification.

PURPOSE: To observe and document the effect of steroidal and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory treatment on the formation of Elschnig pearls. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled, two-way-cross-over study. METHODS: Thirty-nine eyes of 32 patients with pronounced, regeneratory posterior capsule opacification (PCO) were included. The patients were treated topically with prednisolone and diclofenac (verum) or with lubricating eye drops (placebo) four times daily for one week. After a wash-out period of two weeks the patients received the contrary treatment also four times daily for one week. Digital retroillumination images were taken at day one, three, five, eight, and 15 of each medication period. The changes in the size of 4,675 Elschnig pearls were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean cumulative area of all marked pearls/eye and follow-up was 1.2 mm(2) (range: 0.1 mm(2) to 3.2 mm(2)). The mean pearl size was 12,809 microm(2) (range: 60 microm(2) to 1.08 x 10(6) microm(2)). Between the follow-up examinations, 1,274 pearls disappeared (mean: 33 pearls/eye, range: five to 69 pearls; 27%) and 777 newly formed pearls appeared (mean: 20 pearls/eye, range: three to 53 pearls; 20%). There was no statistically significant difference in pearl size change and in number of disappeared and newly appeared pearls between the verum and the placebo treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Topical prednisolone and diclofenac do not influence the short-term change of Elschnig pearls. Elschnig pearls disappear and appear within days. The degree of progression and regression varies greatly among eyes.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2002

Local release of human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL), IL-8, and TNF-alpha is decreased as response to topical prednisolone treatment in distal ulcerative colitis and proctitis.

The local release of human neutrophil lipocalin, considered to be highly specific for neutrophil granulocyte activation, and interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were studied in 11 patients with distal ulcerative colitis and proctitis before and during treatment with steroid enemas. A rectal perfusion technique for sampling and specific immunoassays for analysis were used. In responders (N = 8) the concentrations of all proteins decreased during the study. There was a close correlation between human neutrophil lipocalin concentrations and treatment response. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha showed an initial decline in concentrations irrespective of treatment outcome and preceded the decline of human neutrophil lipocalin and interleukin-8. We conclude that decreased neutrophil degranulation is correlated with treatment outcome. Furthermore, an important role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the process of stimulating neutrophil activation and degranulation in ulcerative colitis is suggested.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ocular bioavailability of topical prednisolone preparations.

Research on the anti-inflammatory effects of prednisolone sodium phosphate and prednisolone acetate is reviewed critically and methodological problems in the study of ocular drugs are identified. A pharmacokinetic model of the absorption of water-insoluble drugs, such as prednisolone acetate, and water-soluble drugs, such as prednisolone sodium phosphate, is presented. The steps in the model are the drug elimination rate in the precornea and anterior chamber, the rate of drug dissolution, the rate of drug penetration into the cornea, and the rate of drug transport into the aqueous humor. Both prednisolone sodium phosphate and prednisolone acetate have been shown to have moderate to high anti-inflammatory effects, but it is concluded that the drug solution (prednisolone sodium phosphate) has certain advantages over the drug suspension (prednisolone acetate).

Absorption↗
PubMed2006

Intraocular angiostrongyliasis: clinical findings, treatments and outcomes.

Ocular angiostrongyliasis, diagnosed by identification of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in any part of the eye, is a very rare manifestation. We report seven cases of intraocular angiostrongyliasis in Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. From a total of 654 cases of angiostrongyliasis diagnosed between January 1995 and April 2005, 7 cases (1.1%) with ocular manifestations were found. Four men and three women were diagnosed, with a mean age of 32.1 years (range 21-46 years). All of the patients lived in the northeast of Thailand and acquired the infection by eating raw Pila spp. snails, the intermediate host of A. cantonensis. The incubation period lasted from 2 weeks to 2 months. The most common symptom, blurred vision without eosinophilic meningitis, occurred as a presenting symptom in five cases. The other two cases presented with eosinophilic meningitis prior to development of poor visual acuity. Both cases had papilloedema, neck stiffness and eosinophilia without fever. The visual acuity of the patient was mostly lower than 2/60 and, evidently, visual impairment in all patients was caused by retinal pigment epithelial defects. All cases had only one immature A. cantonensis worm in the eye, with the most common site being the intravitreous area. Several treatments, including oral prednisolone, topical prednisolone, argon laser, diode laser, Nd:YAG laser, surgical removal of the parasite and combination therapy, were used. There is no evidence that surgical and laser interventions improve the course of the disease, and both have associated risks. Visual outcome depends on the initial visual defects.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Risk factors for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis recurring during treatment of stromal keratitis or iridocyclitis. Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group.

AIMS: Possible risk factors were evaluated for herpes simplex virus (HSV) epithelial keratitis in patients with stromal keratouveitis. METHODS: The study population included 260 patients who had active stromal keratitis and/or iridocyclitis without epithelial disease and who were enrolled in one of three clinical trials of the Herpetic Eye Disease Study. Study treatment involved a 10 week course of topical placebo, topical prednisolone phosphate, or topical prednisolone phosphate with oral acyclovir. All groups received topical trifluridine four times daily for 3 weeks then twice daily for another 7 weeks. Patients were examined for HSV epithelial keratitis for 16 weeks. RESULTS: Dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis occurred in 12 (4.6%) study patients. Adverse effects attributable to trifluridine prophylaxis were acute allergic blepharoconjunctivitis in 10 (3.8%) study patients and corneal epithelial erosions in 11 (4.2%) study patients. No significant difference in the occurrence of HSV epithelial keratitis was found among the study treatment groups: one (2.0%) of 49 topical placebo treated patients, nine (6.5%) of 138 patients treated with topical corticosteroids without acyclovir, and two (2.7%) of 73 patients treated with topical corticosteroids and oral acyclovir. Univariate exponential models suggested that patients with a history of previous HSV epithelial keratitis and non-white patients were more likely to develop HSV epithelial keratitis during treatment of stromal keratouveitis. CONCLUSION: Individuals with prior HSV epithelial keratitis and certain ethnic groups may have a higher rate of recurrent epithelial keratitis during the acute treatment of HSV stromal keratouveitis.

Acyclovir↗