Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PORTAL VEIN”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Duplex Doppler endosonography in the diagnosis of splenic vein, portal vein, and portosystemic shunt thrombosis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Endoscopic ultrasonography is a promising procedure for imaging mesenteric vascular structures. METHODS: Duplex and color Doppler endosonography were used to prospectively evaluate 20 asymptomatic paid volunteers. Subsequently, 11 patients with nondiagnostic transabdominal ultrasound and suspected thrombosis of the splenic and/or portal veins or a portosystemic shunt were evaluated with duplex endosonography. The final diagnosis was based on CT, angiography, and/or surgery or autopsy findings in 9 of 11 patients. RESULTS: In normal volunteers, mesenteric vessel flow velocities and diameters were similar to previously described values. In 10 of the 11 patients with failed transabdominal ultrasound, duplex endosonography was able to provide the correct diagnosis (accuracy of ultrasound 0% versus EUS 91%, p < .001). Mean portal vein diameter was greater in the patient group than in the normal volunteers (18.5 mm versus 10.7 mm, p < .001) and all of the normal volunteers had a portal vein diameter less than 13 mm. No complications were experienced. CONCLUSION: Duplex endosonography allows visualization of the intra-abdominal vasculature and can be considered when transabdominal ultrasound is nondiagnostic in patients with suspected thrombosis of their splenic vein, portal vein, or portosystemic shunt. EUS is able to identify indirect findings of portal hypertension including portal vein enlargement and venous collaterals.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Influence of lasalocid, cationomycin and feeding frequency on the postprandial kinetics of some plasma parameters in the rumen vein, portal vein and mesenteric artery of sheep.

Two adult sheep, A and B, received successively during three experimental periods a forage-based pelleted feed, then the same diet supplemented with 33 mg/kg of lasalocid (L) or cationomycin (C). The feed was given in either eight (sheep A) or two (sheep B) daily meals. After four weeks of adaptation, 11 blood samples were taken through catheters in the rumen vein (RVA) and the mesenteric artery (MAA) in sheep A and in the rumen vein (RVB) and portal vein (PVB) in sheep B over a 5-hour period after the morning meal. Because of a blockage in the catheter it was not possible to measure the effect of C in MAA. Food intake had no immediate effect on the plasma levels measured: the distribution of eight daily meals stabilized plasma levels and made it easier to determine the effect of the ionophores. This effect varied according to the sampling site, the animal and the antibiotic, sometimes contradictorily. All the plasma parameters monitored in RVA were significantly modified by either one of the ionophores. A decrease in plasma albumin concentration (P < 0.05) was observed with L in MAA and with C in RVA and MAA. Aceto-acetate concentration decreased (P < 0.05) with L in MAA but increased with L and C in RVB. A decrease in glycaemia and uraemia (P < 0.05) was observed with L in MAA, RVA and RVB and with C in RVA. Total amino acid concentration decreased (P < 0.05) with C in RVA or increased (P < 0.05) with L in PVB and RVB. These variations in results may be due to different mechanisms of action of L and C on digestion, particularly in the rumen. While the changes undergone by the ketone bodies in the blood suggested a decrease in hepatic ketogenesis with L, there was no evidence that the ionophores had a direct postprandial effect.

Acetoacetates↗
PubMed1995

Flow reversal in the right anterior branch of the portal vein: "bicolor portal vein" color Doppler analysis.

The purpose of this study is to describe a phenomenon of bidirectional flow, "bicolor portal vein" (BPV), within the right anterior branch of the portal vein (RAPV), with color Doppler imaging (CDI). We prospectively studied with CDI the intrahepatic portal vein and its branches in 316 consecutive patients in search of areas of nonlaminar flow within the RAPV. Forty patients were excluded from the study due to varied conditions that precluded an accurate CDI study. A prospective design allowed us to record the frequency of appearance, systematically measure a set of parameters in each patient, and establish different groups for comparison. We found an area of BPV within the RAPV in six patients. Five of them had a history of liver disease (8.2% of the patients with known liver disease). The BPV was consistently portrayed as a well-defined blue oval-shaped area of flow reversal attached to the medial side of the RAPV immediately before its bifurcation, suggesting a rotary motion of blood. All six patients presented a transverse diameter of the RAPV significantly larger than the rest of the patients (p < 0.05). Furthermore, blood flow measurements within the RAPV of the six patients with BPV were found to be significantly higher when compared with the rest of the patients (< 0.05). Knowledge of the possible presence of a BPV within the RAPV can prevent diagnostic confusion with reversal of flow, a truly pathologic condition related to liver disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[An aneurysm of the portal vein].

Portal vein aneurysms are rare. We describe a patient with an aneurysmal dilatation (3 x 4.5 cm) of the right portal vein. Real-time ultrasonography revealed an anechoic lesion communicating with the portal vein, suggesting a portal vein aneurysm. Colour Doppler, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and portal venography confirmed the diagnosis. No evidence of portal hypertension was found. Follow-up examinations did not reveal a significant change in the size of the aneurysm after 18 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effects of Ca2+ on force-velocity characteristics of normal and hypertrophic smooth muscle of the rat portal vein.

Portal hypertension was induced in rats by partial ligation of the hepatic branches of the portal vein. After 5 days of hypertension the portal veins were taken out and mounted for isometric and quick-release experiments. Portal veins from sham-operated normal rats served as controls. The ligated veins had an increased cross-sectional area, indicating smooth-muscle hypertrophy. Although the absolute magnitude of active force of these veins was increased, the active force per cross-sectional area was decreased, indicating an alteration in the properties of the contractile system. No difference in the Ca2+ concentration-response relations to K+-activated intact control and hypertrophic veins was found. In chemically skinned preparations, devoid of functional plasma membranes, the hypertrophic veins had similar Ca2+ sensitivity (in the presence of I microM calmodulin) but a lower force per cross-sectional area. Force-velocity relations were determined in K+-activated intact preparations. In control veins a reduction in extracellular Ca2+ was associated with a significant reduction in both isometric force and maximal shortening velocity (Vmax). In hypertrophic veins the decreased isometric force at maximal activation was associated with a low Vmax. A comparison between hypertrophic and submaximally stimulated control vessels showed corresponding Vmax and isometric force values. We conclude that the low isometric force of hypertrophic veins is associated with a lower rate of cross-bridge turnover. This could be an effect of alterations in the activation mechanisms or in the intrinsic properties of the contractile system itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Inositol phosphate responses in portal veins from portal hypertensive rats: receptor- and nonreceptor-mediated responses.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Venous hyporesponsiveness in portal hypertension has been reported previously by us. The present study was undertaken to investigate possible changes of phosphoinositide signal transduction pathway in the portal veins from portal hypertensive rats METHODS: Portal hypertension was induced by partial portal vein ligation. Fourteen days after surgery, portal veins were removed for measurement of [3H]inositol phosphate responses to both receptor- and nonreceptor-mediated stimuli. RESULTS: Basal [3H]inositol phosphate formation was similar between the two groups. Both phenylephrine and angiotensin II stimulated [3H]inositol phosphate formation in portal veins, but the responses were attenuated in the portal hypertensive group. In contrast, the [3H]inositol phosphate formation by nonreceptor-mediated stimuli (GTP gamma S, NaF/AlCl3, and phospholipase C) was similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that the receptor-mediated [3H]inositol phosphate formation was attenuated, while the non-receptor-mediated formation was unaltered, in the portal vein from portal hypertensive rats.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1994

Beware the anomalous portal vein.

Portal vein thrombosis is an unusual potential complication of liver resection. In our case it was due to ligation of the right branch of the portal vein during right hepatectomy in a patient without portal vein bifurcation. Hepatic angiography can delineate this abnormality and influence the choice of surgical management.

Cholangitis↗
PubMed1998

[Hydatid cyst in the hepatic hilum causing a cavernous transformation in the portal vein].

Portal cavernomatosis consists in the substitution of the portal vein by many fine, twisting venules leading to the liver. This phenomenon is produced as a consequence of anterior thrombosis of the portal vein and is associated with chronic pancreatitis, cancer of the pancreas, intraabdominal sepsis and cholelithiasis. The symptomatology may be nul or present as obstructive jaundice or portal hypertension. Diagnosis is made by Doppler echography. The treatment is portal shunt when symptomatology is produced. In patients with cholelithiasis requiring surgery, the shunt is advised prior to biliary surgery since perioperative hemorrhage, if present, may be incoercible as in the case herein described. We present a 84-year-old woman with portal cavernomatosis the etiology of which was a hydatidic cyst located in the hepatic bifurcation and treated with mebendazol 10 years previously. This etiology has not been previously reported.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Disappearance of "pseudocholangiocarcinoma sign" in a patient with portal hypertension due to complete thrombosis of left portal vein and main portal vein web after web dilatation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

The main portal vein web is probably a consequence of portal vein thrombosis, which is a very rare cause of portal hypertension. Principal manifestations are related to the degree of portal hypertension. In the literature, no data has been found for the treatment modality of portal vein web. We report, herein, the clinical and laboratory findings of a 38-year-old woman with angiographically proven incomplete main portal vein web and complete thrombotic occlusion of the left portal vein causing pseudocholangiocarcinoma sign (PCCS) on the common bile duct. She was treated by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and membrane dilatation, which resulted in complete disappearance of collaterals and PCCS. It appears that TIPS and balloon dilatation of the portal vein web via transjugular approach was effective in decreasing portal pressure and its consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

An anomaly in persistent right umbilical vein of portal vein diagnosed by ultrasonography.

AIM: To detect the anomaly in the persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) of portal vein (PV) with deviation of the ligamentum tere and left-sided gallbladder. METHODS: A total of 5783 candidates for routine analysis were evaluated for hepatic vascular abnormalities by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Ten candidates (0.17%) had a portal vein anomaly with a rightward-deviated ligamentum tere. The blood-flow velocity in the PRUV of the portal vein (17.7+/-3.0 cm/s) of the 10 cases was similar to that of the right anterior portal trunk (17.6+/-4.1 cm/s). However, the vessel diameter of the PRUV (eta12.4+/-4.4 mm) was larger than the right anterior portal trunk (eta6.1+/-0.9 mm). Therefore, flow volume in the anomalous portion (0.97+/-0.30 L/min) was more than that in the right anterior portal trunk (0.18+/-0.05 L/min). CONCLUSION: The anomaly plays an important role in intra-hepatic PV flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Duplex Doppler measurements of the portal vein in portal hypertension.

In order to assess the validity of quantitative duplex Doppler measurements of portal vein flow, 10 patients with proven diffuse liver disease and portal hypertension were examined serially by two independent observers over a 3 month period. Multiple measurements of the portal vein were made using a consistent technique in an attempt to minimize observer errors. One patient proved unsuitable for ultrasound examination. In the remaining nine patients the intra-observer portal vein measurements for one observer (19 paired examinations) correlated significantly for flow velocity (r = 0.80, P < 0.001) and derived bulk flow (r = 0.54, P < 0.02) but not for cross-sectional area (r = 0.27, P > 0.05). The intra-observer measurements for the second observer (11 paired examinations) were significantly correlated for cross-sectional area (r = 0.64, P < 0.05) and derived bulk flow (r = 0.61, P < 0.05) but not for flow velocity (r = 0.5, P > 0.05). The inter-observer measurements (28 paired examinations) of the portal vein were all highly significantly correlated for cross-sectional area (r = 0.63, P < 0.001), flow velocity (r = 0.79, P < 0.001) and derived bulk flow (r = 0.73, P < 0.001). These results suggest that this quantitative Doppler technique may be valid for the serial study of portal vein flow in selected groups of patients with diffuse liver disease and portal hypertension.

Adult↗