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15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effects of poly[d(pGpT).d(pApC)] and poly[d(pCpG).d(pCpG)] repeats on homologous recombination in somatic cells.

Sequencing studies have shown that in somatic cells alternating runs of purines and pyrimidines are frequently associated with recombination crossover points. To test whether such sequences actually promote recombination, we have examined the effects of poly[d(pGpT).d(pApC)] and poly[d(pCpG).d(pCpG)] repeats on a homologous recombination event. The parental molecule used in this study, pSVLD, is capable of generating wild-type simian virus 40 DNA via recombination across two 751-base-pair regions of homology and has been described previously (Miller et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:7534-7538, 1984). Single inserts of either a poly[d(pGpT).d(pApC)] repeat or a poly[d(pCpG).d(pCpG)] repeat were positioned adjacent to one region of homology in such a way that the recombination product, wild-type simian virus 40 DNA, could be formed only by recombination within the homologies and not by recombination across the alternating purine-pyrimidine repeats. We have found that upon transfection of test DNAs into simian cells, a poly[d(pCpG).d(pCpG)] repeat enhanced homologous recombination 10- to 15-fold, whereas a poly[d(pGpT).d(pApC)] repeat had less effect. These results are discussed in terms of the features of these repeats that might be responsible for promoting homologous recombination.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of phase diagrams in the crystallization of oligonucleotide duplexes. I. A model of crystallization of the (pGpT)n.(pApC)n + spermine system].

A set of experimental phase diagrams revealing the region of existence of microcrystals in mixture "(pGpT)n.(pApC)n+spermine", n = 2,3,4, was obtained. All diagrams are wedge-like with the slope of the upper branch and the level of the lower one depending on the oligonucleotidd length. The presence of MPD, MgCl2 and NaCl changes the form of the diagrams in a different manner. A model explaining the peculiar features of the diagrams for mixture "oligonucleotide duplex+spermine" is proposed. The analysis of the diagrams was carried out on the basis of this model and the values of the binding constants for binding of spermine and Mg2+ to duplexes were estimated. Some conclusions about the types of complexes, which may form microcrystals in different regions of diagrams were made.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed2026

Whole-genome sequencing and characterization of Pseudomonas stutzeri P1 endophyte isolated from potato unveils plant growth-promoting and other traits.

Endophytic bacteria play an important role in plant growth promotion and stress tolerance, offering sustainable alternatives to chemical inputs in agriculture. In this study, an endophytic bacterial strain P1 was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri, a plant-associated bacterium exhibiting multiple plant growth-promoting traits (PGPTs). Biochemical (qualitative and quantitative) and in vitro analyses demonstrated nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, ammonia production, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, biofilm formation, and tolerance to abiotic stresses, including salinity and drought. Furthermore, the P1 strain displayed strong biocontrol activity against the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini, indicating its potential to mitigate biotic stress. Whole-genome sequencing generated a high-quality complete genome of 4,758,235 bp. Functional annotation showed enrichment of metabolic pathways associated with plant-microbe interactions and environmental adaptation. Further analyses using KEGG and PGPT-pred data confirmed the presence of genes associated with direct and indirect PGPT, such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, biofilm formation, and stress tolerance. The genome also contained genes related to CAZymes, adhesion, and motility, highlighting a strong plant association, whereas the genome lacked major virulence factors and antimicrobial traits, supporting the non-pathogenic nature of the P1 strain. Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential of P1 as a promising bioinoculant candidate for sustainable agriculture in the potato sector.

PGPT-associated genes↗
PubMed1986

Mercuric chloride-induced physiological dysfunction in Notopterus notopterus.

The freshwater fish Notopterus notopterus were exposed to various sublethal concentrations (0.088, 0.044, 0.029, 0.022, and 0.017) of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) mg/liter for 15, 30, 45, and 60 days, and their effects on glucose, lactate, cholesterol, plasma glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (PGOT) and plasma glutamic pyruvic transaminase (PGPT) of the blood were observed. Lactate increased significantly (P less than 0.05; P less than 0.01; P less than 0.001) and glucose. PGOT, and PGPT increased significantly (P less than 0.05; P less than 0.01). However, cholesterol decreased significantly (P less than 0.05; P less than 0.01; P less than 0.001) in the blood of N. notopterus.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed2026

Integrated functional genomics and safety assessment of plant-growth-promoting Caryophanales from post-maize-cultivation soils.

This study aimed to evaluate six environmental bacterial strains isolated from post-maize cultivation soils as candidates for agricultural biopreparation development, using an integrated functional genomic and safety assessment framework. Building on experimental validation of plant-growth-promoting activities, the analysis included: plant-growth-promoting traits (PGPT-Pred) using PLABase; carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) relevant for lignocellulosic crop residue degradation (dbCAN3); secondary metabolite profiles (antiSMASH); and screening for virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes (ABRicate, BTyper3).All analyzed strains possess 1,449-1,617 predicted PGPT-encoding genes (24.1-35.9% of total genes), which are strongly shaped by taxonomic relatedness, as confirmed by congruence testing against ANI-based genomic divergence. Paenibacillus amylolyticus 5mez and Priestia megaterium 7psych showed distinct functional profiles compared to Bacillus spp., while Bacillus subtilis sensu lato strains were most similar to each other. Genomic predictions suggest involvement in nutrient acquisition (N, P, K, Fe) and stress mitigation. Secondary metabolite analysis revealed high biosynthetic potential, with non-Bacillus species harbouring a large proportion of unknown gene clusters, indicating underexplored metabolite diversity. CAZyme profiling identified P. amylolyticus 5mez as the most enzyme-rich strain, while B. cereus s.s. zielonkawy showed ligninolytic potential despite low overall CAZyme abundance. The safety assessment identified B. cereus s.s. zielonkawy as toxigenic and unsuitable for use. Of the remaining strains, P. amylolyticus 5mez and Pr. megaterium 7psych demonstrated the most favourable safety profiles, exhibiting no detectable virulence factors or antibiotic resistance genes, justifying their priority use in agricultural biopreparations, pending phenotypic validation. Given the high-dimensional, low-sample-size nature of multi-trait datasets in applied microbial genomics, tailored statistical approaches, including noise-reduction-validated PCA and distance-based congruence testing, were applied; their rationale and limitations are discussed.

Soil Microbiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The length of DNA determines the degree of regularity of crystals of the cro-repressor complex].

The DNA-cro-repressor complex crystals have been obtained, five DNA fragments of the same nucleotide sequence and different length being used. The rotation function for crystals of complexes with hexamer (pGpT)3 . (pApC)3 and with octamer (pGpT)3 . (pApC)3 have been calculated. The order of cro-DNA complex crystals is shown to vary with DNA length, the crystal of the complex with octamer being the most perfect among all investigated complexes.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Nuclease P1-mediated fluorescence postlabeling assay of AAF modified DNA model d(TACGTA) and calf-thymus DNA.

Fluorescence postlabeling assay for DNA damage combines enzymatic digestion of modified DNA to nucleoside monophosphates and fluorescence postlabeling. However, to facilitate the quantitative release of bulky adducts that are not readily obtained as mononucleotides, a different mechanism is essential. In order to test the application potential of nuclease P1-mediated fluorescence postlabeling to assay bulky adduct, d(TACGTA) was reacted with N-acetoxy-2-acetylamino-fluorene. The major product, characterized by nmr as AAF adduct of the guanine moiety at the C-8 position, was used as a DNA model. Nuclease P1 digestion of the modified oligomer excised the adduct in two forms (3:1) which were identified as AAF modified d(pGpT) and dpG respectively by cochromotography with authentic markers. Fluorescence postlabeling assay of AAF modified d(TACGTA) detected both forms of the excised adduct. The application of the overall procedure to assay AAF modified calf-thymus DNA demonstrated that the extension of fluorescence postlabeling technique from the mononucleotide to the dinucleotide version expands the scope of the assay.

Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1988

Effects of cortisol pretreatment on the acute hepatotoxicity of aflatoxin B1.

Effects of cortisol pretreatment on acute hepatotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were investigated in female rats. Pretreatment of cortisol (1.0-10.0 mg/kg body weight) for 7 consecutive days markedly increased mortality rate, activity of plasma glutamic pyruvic transaminase (PGPT), plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (PGOT) and liver triglycerides induced by AFB1 (3.0 mg/kg body weight). The potentiating action of cortisol on hepatic necrosis of AFB1 showed a dose-dependent pattern. The possible mechanism of its action may be related to an increase in the activity of aniline hydroxylase and formation of AFB1-2,3-epoxide which in turn caused a marked increase in AFB1 binding to hepatic DNA and proteins, and lipid peroxide formation. Therefore, the potentiating action of cortisol on AFB1 hepatotoxicity may possibly increase the damage to DNA and membranes of various organelles.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1991

Time-course effects of ethanol pretreatment on hepatic necrosis and fat accumulation induced by aflatoxin B1 in the rat.

Effect of ethanol pretreatment on acute hepatotoxicity and hepatic fat accumulation induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was followed up to 120 h in male Wistar rats. Pretreatment with 4 oral doses of ethanol (4.0 g/kg body wt. each) at 48, 45, 24 and 21 h prior to AFB1 (2.0 mg/kg body wt.) single intraperitoneal administration caused a significant increase in the activity of plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (PGOT, 2.4-fold), plasma glutamic pyruvic transaminase (PGPT, 2.8-fold), liver triglycerides (2.3-fold) and the severity of liver necrosis at 72 h after AFB1 administration. The effect of ethanol pretreatment on an increase in the accumulation of liver cholesterol and cholesterol esters induced by AFB1 is additive in nature. In a time-course study, it was shown that liver necrosis and triglyceride, cholesterol and cholesterol ester accumulation occurred simultaneously in both groups of rats treated with AFB1 and ethanol-AFB1. These results suggest that fat accumulation per se is not a primary cause of liver necrosis induced by AFB1 and ethanol-AFB1.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1976

Kinetic studies of drug-dinucleotide complexes.

Three classes of kinetic behavior are observed in the complexes of actinomycin or ethidium with deoxydinucleotides. First, the initial dinucleotide binding to form a 1:1 complex is a rapid bimolecular process, whose rate could be measured for combination of actinomycin with d(pTpG) d(pGpT), d(pGpA), d(pGpG) d(pCpGpG), and d(pCpG) andfor combination of ethidium with d(pGpC). Second, with one exception, all reactions in which a second dinucleotide is added to form a 2:1 dinucleotide-drug complex are limited by a first-order step at high concentration. This class includes the combination of actinomycin with all dinucleotides tested except d(pGpC), and the reaction of ethidium with nucleotides of complementary sequence pyrimidine-purine, such as d(pCpG). The final class is the special case of d(pGpC) interacting to form a 2:1 complex with actinomycin. Third-order kinetics is observed, with no evidence for a first-order, rate-limiting step.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1987

Phase diagrams for DNA crystallization systems.

Phase diagrams for several oligonucleotide duplex-spermine systems have been constructed. These diagrams characterize the duplex and spermine concentrations ranges in which crystalline precipitates are formed. All of them are wedge-like form. The slope of the upper branch of the diagram is determined by the oligonucleotide length. The position of the lower branch depends on both the nucleotide sequence and its length. The position of the lower branch depends on both the nucleotide sequence and its length. It has been shown that the addition to the system of MgCl2 and NaCl salts and MPD results in specific changes in the diagrams. A model for oligonucleotide duplex-spermine system has been suggested which explains the main characteristic features of the obtained phase diagrams. The experimental phase diagrams for the (pGpT)n (pApC)n-spermine system (n = 2,3,4) have been analyzed ion terms of this model and the values of the binding constants of spermine and Mg2+ ions binding to duplexes have been determined. It permitted to identify the complexes that precipitated in different regions of the phase diagrams under various conditions. The diagram obtained in the presence of a cobalt hexammine counterion is also considered. It has been shown that this phase diagram, in general, is similar to those obtained for the oligonucleotide duplex-spermine system.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1986

Potentiation of aflatoxin B1 induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats with ethanol pretreatment.

The interaction of ethanol and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced hepatotoxicity was studied in male Wistar rats using the activity of plasma GOT and GPT, liver triglyceride and histopathologic changes of liver necrosis as indices. Pretreatment of four oral doses of ethanol (4.0 g/kg BW each) at 48, 45, 24 and 21 hrs prior to AFB1 (0.5 to 2.0 mg/kg BW) single i.p. administration caused a significant increase in the activity of PGOT (6 folds) and PGPT (5 folds), liver triglycerides (2 folds) and severity of liver necrosis at 48 hrs after AFB1 administration. Ethanol pretreatment potentiated AFB1-induced hepatotoxicity by increasing MFO enzymes, aniline hydroxylase and p-nitroanisole-O-demethylase activity and lipid peroxidation, and decreasing in cytochrome b5, epoxide hydrolase activity and hepatic glutathione content. However, it did not cause any significant change in the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and glutathione-S-transferase and cytochrome P-450. These results suggest that potentiation of ethanol pretreatment on AFB1-induced hepatotoxicity may be due to an increase in the metabolic formation of AFB1-2, 3-oxide and subsequent binding to DNA.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1990

Potentiation of carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity by thinner inhalation.

The interaction of thinner and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity was studied in the rats using the activity of plasma GOT and GPT, liver triglyceride and histopathologic changes of liver necrosis as indices. The animals were housed in a chamber with the continuous flow of thinner vapour (1.11 g/litre/hr) for 2 hrs prior to i.p. administration of CCl4 (0.1 ml/kg BW) at 18 hrs after thinner inhalation. Thinner inhalation potentiated CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal enhanced effect was observed at 24 hrs after CCl4 administration by which the activities of PGOT and PGPT were significantly increased (3 folds). Thinner itself caused an additive effect on CCl4 induced liver triglyceride accumulation. At 18 hrs after thinner inhalation, the activity of NADPH cytochrome C reductase was markedly increased (2.2 folds) but no change in the activity of aminopyrine N-demethylase which was able to increase the 14.CCl3 free radicals and binding to both the hepatic microsomal proteins (1.8 folds) and lipids (1.4 folds). In addition, thinner pretreatment somehow increased hepatic lipid peroxidation by 1.4 folds. These results suggest that thinner pretreatment causes an increase in mixed function oxidases to activate the formation of .CCl3 free radicals and binding to the microsomal proteins and lipids, which in turn stimulate hepatic damage via lipid peroxidation in the membrane.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of phase diagrams in crystallization of oligonucleotide duplexes. II. Setting of the crystallized samples].

Oligonucleotide crystallization technique based on the method of phase diagrams is described in detail with (pGpT)3.(pApC)3 hexamer as an example. The key point of the technique consists of dividing the multiparameter crystallization space into a set of regions, each of which corresponds to the precipitation of a duplex in complex with a certain number of counterions.

Crystallization↗
PubMed2026

Tryptophan-driven metabolomic shift in Acidobacteriaceae reveals phytohormones and antifungal metabolites.

UNLABELLED: Acidobacteriota is one of the most abundant phyla in soils and has recently attracted attention for its potential role in promoting phytosanitary benefits. The metabolomic capabilities of this phylum remain poorly characterized, with few experimentally confirmed metabolites described. To address these gaps, we combined untargeted metabolomic profiling with comparative genomic analyses to explore the functional potential of newly isolated Acidobacteriaceae strains. Genome mining across the Acidobacteriota phylum revealed the presence and taxon-specific enrichment of genes associated with plant-related traits, including phytohormone biosynthesis. In parallel, metabolomic analyses of OSMAC-derived extracts uncovered pronounced condition-dependent metabolic variation. Tryptophan supplementation was associated with marked metabolomic reprogramming, including changes in indole-derived metabolites, such as indole-3-acetic acid. Subsequent analyses linked these metabolic shifts to the suppression of phytopathogenic fungi and enabled the identification of malassezindoles and pityriacitrins as active compounds, confirmed by structure elucidation using NMR spectroscopy. Overall, these findings shed light on the previously unexplored metabolic potential of the Acidobacteriota phylum, emphasizing its ecological importance for phytosanitary applications. IMPORTANCE: Despite their ubiquity and genomic diversity, the functional metabolism of members of the Acidobacteriota has largely remained uncharacterized. This study links genomic predictions to experimentally verified metabolomic outputs of Acidobacteriaceae, demonstrating tryptophan-responsive metabolic shifts translating to phytohormones and metabolites suppressing fungal growth. Our work underscores the emerging role of Acidobacteriota as important contributors to soil ecosystem functioning and plant-microbe interactions.

Acidobacteriota↗