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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Pressure changes in the renal pelvis of the dogs in response to a sudden rise in intravesical pressure, examined in the presence of resico ureteral reflux with artificial ureter and/or pelvis].

This study is to determine which part or the upper urinary tract, ureter or pelvis causes more significant delay in the pressure wave-front propagation from the bladder to the pelvis when a reverse flow of the urine occurs. A sudden rise in the intravesical pressure of the dog was produced by stimulating the vesical branches of pelvic nerve with a train of electrical impulses with 10 Hz for 60 sec. In order to eliminate the physiological mechanism that presents a reverse flow of the urine at the uretero-vesical junction, a 3 cm vinyl tube was inserted into the ureteral orifice in all experiments except the cases with ureteral substitution (group II and III). Changes in intrapelvic pressure were measured from 7 dogs without substitution of either ureter or pelvis, and used as the control responses for comparison with those recorded from the dogs with artificial ureter and/or pelvis. Artificial ureter was made by a vinyl tube of 25 cm, whereas artificial pelvis was made by a 3 ml plastic chamber. Twenty-eight dogs were divide into 3 groups. Group I consisted of 7 dogs whose pelvises were replaced by artificial ones. Group II included 8 dogs whose ureters were substituted by artificial ones, and group III consisted of 6 dogs whose both ureter and pelvis were replaced by artificial ones. Results obtained were as follows; (1) There was no significant difference between the maximum intravesical pressure and the maximum intrapelvic pressure recorded from every dog in all groups. (2) The onset time of intrapelvic response recorded from the control dog showed a delay from that of intravesical response by 2.05 +/- 1.03 sec. (3) The onset time of intrapelvic response recorded from group I, II and III were 0.51 +/- 0.94 sec., 1.95 +/- 1.10 sec., 0.10 +/- 0.25 sec., respectively. (4) Statistically significant difference in the delay of response was observed only between the responses recorded from the control or group II and the responses recorded from group I or III. The above results suggested that the major site causing a significant delay in the pressure wave-front propagation from the bladder to the pelvis is the pelvic area including caryx, but not the ureteral region, when a reverse flow of the urine occurs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis accompanying an ectopic opening with vesicoureteral reflux of complete duplication of uretero pelvis].

Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is a relatively rare disease. Recently, we observed a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis with vesicoureteral reflux in a 49-year-old female patient. Her main symptom was abdominal pain on the left side. The complete duplications of uretero-pelvis on both sides, and vesicoureteral reflux in the upper left part of the kidney were recognized by means of various examinations. During the operation, a tumor was found in the upper left renal pelvis, and in the ureter belonging to the upper left renal pelvis. Pathologically, it was diagnosed as a squamous cell carcinoma. After the extraction of the left uretero-pelvis, 50 Gy of radiotherapy was administered to the patient. However, she died four months after the operation.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1980

[Possibilities of geometric X-ray examination of the pelvis for partial pelvis replacement].

Patients with tumors of the pelvis, which cannot be treated by chemotherapy or radiation, must undergo hemipelvectomy. The postoperative prosthetic treatment was difficult und not always sufficient. So, a complete internal hemipelvectomy was done by replacement of an artificial part of half pelvis. Before the operation it was necessary to know the measurements of the pelvis exactly. This was done by taking X-ray pictures in anterior--posterior, lateral and axial direction which brought out the relevant diameters for the construction of the artificial pelvis. By using the Computer-Tomography we could get exact slices of the pelvis in the transversal plane. The slices were centrally positioned, then the model was covered with modelling-mass. The result was an exact positive feature of the pelvis which must be replaced.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1970

Function of smooth muscle of the rat renal pelvis--response of the isolated pelvis muscle to angiotensin and some other substances.

1. The circular component of the renal pelvis muscle of the rat appears as an intact band around the tip of the papilla.2. The isolated pelvis muscle strip showed spontaneous rhythmic contractions in Locke solution at 38 degrees C. The rate of contractions corresponded with the rate of pressure fluctuations recorded during free-flow from a ureteral catheter inserted up to the renal hilum of anaesthetized rats.3. Angiotensin and adrenaline (13 ng/ml) produced a rise in tone of the isolated pelvis muscle, and an increase in the rate of spontaneous contractions; noradrenaline produced mainly an increase in the amplitude and rate of spontaneous contractions. Angiotensin and noradrenaline injected intravenously also produced an increased rate of pressure fluctuations recorded from the ureteral catheter.4. Acetylcholine, nicotine and 5-hydroxytryptamine had no effect on the isolated tissue, but isoprenaline was capable of causing a decrease, and tyramine an increase, in the rate of spontaneous contractions in high dose (0.33 mug/ml).5. An increase in the tone of the circular pelvis muscle could lead to a reversible obstruction of urine outflow from the kidney.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed2003

[Traumatic renal pelvis rupture associated with previously unknown stenosis at the renal pelvis junction].

Traumatic rupture of the renal pelvis junction has been reported only rarely in the literature. Surgical exploration of the right kidney in a young man with blunt abdominal trauma showed a formerly unknown stenosis at the renal pelvis junction with hydronephrosis. Rupture of the renal pelvis by blunt abdominal trauma was related to obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction. Routine ultrasound examinations could show this pathological findings and help the patient to undergo early urological treatment.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructure of the urinary tract muscle coat in man. Calices, renal pelvis, pelvi-ureteric junction and ureter.

Muscle coat specimens from human calices, renal pelvis, pelvi-ureteric junction, upper, middle and lower ureter segments were examined under an electron microscope. These specimens were taken from 8 patients who had undergone nephroureterectomy: 6 for localized renal carcinoma and 2 for papillary tumor of the pelvis. Two types of smooth muscle cells were observed, "typical" muscle cells and "special" muscle cells. The latter are rich in agranular endoplasmic reticulum, have few myofilaments and are interconnected in numerous, extended, peculiar contact areas. The ratio between these two types of muscle cells differs as also does their innervation between the various segments examined. On the basis of our findings we propose that the "special" muscle cells perform a "pacemaking" function.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Sexual dimorphism in the human bony pelvis, with a consideration of the Neandertal pelvis from Kebara Cave, Israel.

Sexual dimorphism of the human pelvis is inferentially related to obstetrics. However, researchers disagree in the identification and obstetric significance of pelvic dimorphisms. This study addresses three issues. First, common patterns in dimorphism are identified by analysis of pelvimetrics from six independent samples (Whites and Blacks of known sex and four Amerindian samples of unknown sex). Second, an hypothesis is tested that the index of pelvic dimorphism (female mean x 100/male mean) is inversely related to pelvic variability. Third, the pelvic dimensions of the Neandertal male from Kebara cave, Israel are compared with those of the males in this study. The results show that the pelvic inlet is the plane of least dimorphism in humans. The reason that reports often differ in the identification of dimorphisms for this pelvic plane is that both the length of the pubis and the shape of the inlet are related to nutrition. The dimensions of the pelvis that are most dimorphic (that is, female larger than male) are the measures of posterior space, angulation of sacrum, biischial breadth, and subpubic angle. Interestingly, these dimensions are also the most variable. The hypothesis that variability and dimorphism are inversely related fails to be supported. The factors that influence pelvic variability are discussed. The Kebara 2 pelvis has a spacious inlet and a confined outlet relative to modern males, though the circumferences of both planes in the Neandertal are within the range of variation of modern males. The inference is that outlet circumference in Neandertal females is also small in size, but within the range of variation of modern females. Arguments that Neandertal newborns were larger in size than those of modern humans necessarily imply that birth was more difficult in Neandertals.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Pelvi-ureteric obstruction due to renal pelvis cyst.

Intramural cysts of the renal pelvis are a separate clinical entity and must not be mistaken for neoplasms. Simple enucleation can result in complete restoration of renal function previously impaired by pelvi-ureteric obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Response of the renal pelvis and ureter to distension of the contralateral renal pelvis and ureter: identification of the reno-renal pelvic reflex.

For the study of the relationship of the pelviureteric system of one kidney to that of the contralateral one, bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy was performed in 14 dogs. The renal pelvis (RP) and ureter (U) of one side were distended separately with a balloon filled with saline in increments of 1 and 0.25 ml, respectively, and the pressure response of the contralateral RP and U was recorded. The test was repeated after anesthetization of the RP and U. RP distension with 1 ml of saline effected a pressure rise (P < 0.05) in the ipsilateral RP but no pressure response in the ipsilateral U or the contralateral RP or U (P > 0.05). RP distension with 2, 3, and 4 ml of saline induced a significant pressure rise in the ipsi- and contralateral RP but not in the ureters. Ureteric distension produced a pressure elevation (P < 0.05) on the ipsilateral U but had no effect on the contralateral U (P > 0.05) or on either of the renal pelves (P > 0.05). Distension of the anesthetized RP or U effected no pressure response in any of the ipsi- or contralateral RPs or Us. In conclusion, distension of the RP with large volumes led to an increase in pressure in the contralateral RP but not in the U. A reflex relationship is postulated to exist between the two renal pelves and to be mediated through a reflex we call the reno-renal pelvic reflex. It seems that this reflex acts to allow either of the kidneys to share an extra load of the other one by increasing the contractile activity of the RP, thus assumedly assisting the regulation of urine flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The pelvis as a passageway. II. The modern human pelvis.

Following on from part I on evolution and adaptations of the pelvis, this paper suggests that variations in the shape and size of both ancient and modern human pelves may be better explained by nutritional factors than by hormonal influences or race.

Body Height↗