Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PEDIATRICS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Pediatric urological manpower report. Pediatric Urological Manpower Committee of the American Association of Pediatric Urology.

The American Association of Pediatric Urology initiated a Pediatric Urological Manpower Study in 1991. A 24-question survey was distributed to the members of the Society of Pediatric Urology and the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Urology. The objective of the questionnaire was to obtain information related to fellowship training, regional distribution of pediatric urologists, and practice patterns and attitudes. As of December 31, 1991, 345 questionnaires were distributed, and 244 (71%) were completed and entered into a computer program. The number of pediatric urologists was evenly distributed among 3 consecutive 10-year age groups ranging between age 31 and 60 years. The majority (78%) of urologists practicing 100% pediatric urology were between 31 and 50 years old. Approximately 60% of the responders practiced full-time (100%) pediatric urology and 59% of this group were university based. Pediatric urologists were practicing in 42 states and the District of Columbia. Based upon the United States Department of Commerce 1990 census, the number of pediatric urologists practicing in each state in relation to the total pediatric (less than 18 years old) populations was determined. The number of pediatric urology fellowships has steadily increased since the mid 1950s. Currently, more than 10 fellows are trained annually. Of the 172 responders practicing at least 75% pediatric urology 24% indicated that practice was "too busy" and 53% indicated that practice was "just right." Approximately 44% of the responders were considering adding a partner: 21 indicated that they planned to add a partner in 1 year, 65 in 5 years and 10 in 10 years. Hopefully, the Pediatric Urological Manpower Study will serve as a useful instrument for assessing the pediatric practice patterns and training needs in the United States, thereby enhancing the quality of urological care for children.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Training, attitudes, and income profiles of pediatric emergency physicians: the results of a 1993 survey of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Pediatric Emergency Medicine.

In late 1993, 562 questionnaires were sent to members of the Emergency Medicine Section of the American Academy of Pediatrics; of the questionnaires sent, 65% (365) were returned. Data were collected on 280 full-time practicing pediatric emergency physicians (PEPs). Eighty-two percent of these full-time PEPs have been practicing pediatric emergency medicine for less than 10 years, and two thirds of them are males. The majority work in pediatric emergency departments, devoting 28.1 clinical hours per week to their specialty. Ninety-nine percent of these full-time PEPs are board certified in pediatrics, and 61.5% are board certified in pediatric emergency medicine, whereas less than one quarter are fellowship trained. Approximately two thirds of these physicians feel that board certification in pediatric emergency medicine is a prerequisite for practicing; only one quarter feel that a fellowship in pediatric emergency medicine is required at this time. Average annual gross income for full-time PEPs was $111,000 per year; 62.8% of these physicians make more than $100,000 per year. PEPs indicated that diversity of their clinical practice and the medical acuity of their patients were the most desirable aspects of pediatric emergency medicine, whereas scheduling and the shift work nature of the profession, along with lack of follow-up in hospital practice, were seen as the least desirable aspects of the subspecialty.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Creating a pediatric digital library for pediatric health care providers and families: using literature and data to define common pediatric problems.

The goal of this study was to complete a literature-based needs assessment with regard to common pediatric problems encountered by pediatric health care providers (PHCPs) and families, and to develop a problem-based pediatric digital library to meet those needs. The needs assessment yielded 65 information sources. Common problems were identified and categorized, and the Internet was manually searched for authoritative Web sites. The created pediatric digital library (www.generalpediatrics.com) used a problem-based interface and was deployed in November 1999. From November 1999 to November 2000, the number of hyperlinks and authoritative Web sites increased 51.1 and 32.2 percent, respectively. Over the same time, visitors increased by 57.3 percent and overall usage increased by 255 percent. A pediatric digital library has been created that begins to bring order to general pediatric resources on the Internet. This pediatric digital library provides current, authoritative, easily accessed pediatric information whenever and wherever the PHCPs and families want assistance.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1989

Pediatric endocrinologic recommendations, pediatric practice, and current pediatric training regarding care of children with diabetes.

Many pediatric diabetes patients are cared for by community-based pediatricians. Training for pediatricians in optimal diabetes care should be based on both the recommendations of pediatric endocrinologists regarding optimal care and the practices of general pediatricians. Pediatric endocrinologists, general pediatricians, and pediatric residency coordinators were surveyed to assess the consonance of current recommendations, practices, and training in pediatric diabetes care. Not surprisingly, pediatric endocrinologists recommended more subspecialty care than pediatricians reported practicing. A major difference between endocrinologists and pediatricians emerged in the area of psychosocial support. A total of 85% of endocrinologists answered that there should be a mental health diabetes team member, but only 37% of pediatricians reported often or sometimes working with one to develop care plans. Pediatricians who provide complete diabetes care for most of their patients measure frequent glycosylated hemoglobin levels, obtain yearly lipid measurements marginally less often, and use urinary glucose measurements more often than recommended by pediatric endocrinologists. According to the descriptions of most pediatric residency training programs, multidisciplinary teams include a pediatrician, an endocrinologist, and a dietician. However, 25% do not include a social worker or nurse and 70% do not include a psychologist. Although most training programs operate on the assumption that their trainees will ultimately share responsibility with a subspecialist for diabetes care, in 26% of programs residents saw no diabetics in their continuity clinics. Most residents do not participate in providing diabetes education.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth factor practice patterns among pediatric oncologists: results of a 1998 Pediatric Oncology Group Survey. Economic Evaluation Working Group the Pediatric Oncology Group.

The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines on growth factor (GF) use recommend applying adult-derived guidelines in pediatric oncology. An ASCO survey of adult oncology GF use determined the preference for first degree prophylaxis (use of GF when febrile neutropenia [FN] is expected to be high in untreated patients), second-degree prophylaxis (administration of GF after a documented episode of FN on a previous cycle of chemotherapy), and intervention in the treatment of FN. Similar preferences have not been evaluated in pediatrics. The purpose of this study was to (1) characterize GF use in pediatric oncology; (2) correlate use patterns with demographic factors; and (3) compare the Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) and ASCO surveys. The ASCO survey was revised for use within pediatric oncology and was mailed to the physician membership of POG; 341 were returned (86% completion rate). Comparisons were made with the ASCO survey. Most (76%) physicians said GF use was determined by protocol requirements and most (70%) patients were entered on POG protocols. GF use as first-degree prophylaxis was selected 40% of the time, which was significantly greater than in adults; this was most influenced by anticipated duration of neutropenia (> or =7 days). The severity of the initial clinical course (e.g., neutropenia, infection) influenced use in second-degree prophylaxis; dose reduction alone was never selected. For FN, GF use was 45%, with lower preferences in uncomplicated FN (16%-38%) compared with complicated FN (66%). POG respondents endorse greater use of GF for first-and second-degree prophylaxis but less use in uncomplicated FN than do ASCO respondents. These patterns may reflect different strategies, including the role of chemotherapy, value of dose intensity, and perceived toxicity of regimens. Given these differences, adult-based guidelines may not be appropriate for pediatrics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[Planning of pediatric intensive care in Spain in the decade of the 80's. Section on Pediatric Intensive Care of the Spanish Pediatrics Association. Madrid, 1982].

Pediatric intensive care in Spain is defined, analysed and planned. The child is the object and center of this planning, that looks for: 1) Guarantee of minimal intensive care quality for spanish children; 2) Regional distribution of materials and personal in an integrated relationship by means of different assistance levels; 3) To stablish terms which allow progressive covert, with the idea that at the end of the 80's an effective net of Units cover all Spain. This study was carried out by regional commissions of pediatric intensivists, coordinated by a national commission. All technique procedures used are described in detail. In each assistance region all data are described; level and class of units recommended, number of pediatric intensive care beds and needs of pediatric intensivists. Theorical and practical programms for training specialists are described. Credits for nominated training Units (formation of pediatric intensivists) are exposed. A pediatric Intensive Care Commission is proposed in order to promote, advise and control technique development of this planning.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Pediatric cardiology research in 1990: a review of abstracts submitted to the Society for Pediatric Research, American Academy of Pediatrics, and American Heart Association Scientific Sessions.

We assessed pediatric cardiology research by reviewing pediatric cardiology abstracts submitted in 1990 to the Society of Pediatric Research, American Academy of Pediatrics, and American Heart Association national meetings. Included were accepted and rejected studies. Abstracts were reviewed for disease being studied, methodology used to answer the research question, study design, and acceptance/rejection. Abstracts were analyzed from 123 institutions, 81 American and 42 foreign. Out of 423 abstracts, 307 (72.6%) were clinical and the remainder were basic science investigations. Slightly more than half of the clinical submissions were related to congenital heart disease. Coronary artery disease and inflammatory diseases accounted for 12% of clinical submissions. Echocardiography, clinical outcome measures, and electrophysiology were the most common research methodologies. Almost 80% of basic science research was performed in normal tissues; animal physiology, fetal physiology, and cellular/biochemical studies were the most common methodologies. With regard to study design, half of the clinical studies were retrospective and only 6% were either prospective epidemiologic or prospective controlled intervention trials. For basic sciences, 38% of abstracts were descriptions of phenomena and 62% were hypothesis testing, with developmental hypotheses being most common. Acceptance rates favored higher quality study design. However, areas of greatest interest to cardiologists, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and electrophysiology, had poorer quality study design than did other areas. We have shown broad interest in pediatric cardiology research. However, clinical studies frequently were retrospective or had uncontrolled study designs. Basic science research was performed at a small number of institutions and emphasized either description of phenomena or developmental biology of normal tissues.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2000

American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Pediatric Workforce. Enhancing the racial and ethnic diversity of the pediatric workforce.

PURPOSE: This statement seeks to increase the awareness of the importance of diversity; to encourage the incorporation of principles of cultural competence into all aspects of pediatric education, training, and practice, as exemplified by practitioners, educators, and our national leadership; and finally to identify strategies for implementing this incorporation. KEY CONCEPTS: The increasing cultural diversity of the population has significant implications for the pediatric workforce and for the provision of pediatric health services. Diversity within the pediatric workforce will enhance the potential for pediatricians to acquire the knowledge and practice skills needed to effectively address the health and wellness needs of children and families. Support from this diversity should be integrated into all aspects of education, including providing quality education for minority students and attracting and retaining minority faculty; and should be sought through collaboration locally, regionally, and nationally with organizations and community leaders. ANTICIPATED OUTCOMES: The Policy Statement recommendations will be used to inform educators, administrators, practitioners, and others in the development of curricula, programs, and initiatives to enhance the diversity of the pediatric workforce and increase the cultural competence of practitioners.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Pediatric workforce statement. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Pediatric Workforce.

This statement reviews current physician workforce projections, and identifies the factors that will have the most impact on future pediatric workforce projections. It discusses the key issues relating to the pediatric workforce: utilization of services, provision of care by both pediatricians and nonpediatricians, pediatric subspecialization, ethnic composition of the population and of the pediatric workforce, indebtedness, and geographic distribution. In a concluding series of recommendations, the statement addresses the steps that must be taken to ensure that all of America's infants, children, adolescents, and young adults have access to appropriate pediatric health care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Relationship of pediatric overall performance category and pediatric cerebral performance category scores at pediatric intensive care unit discharge with outcome measures collected at hospital discharge and 1- and 6-month follow-up assessments.

OBJECTIVE: Given the current focus on outcomes, there is a crucial need for easily utilized measures that can effectively quantify morbidity or disability after a child's critical illness or injury. The purpose of this study is to significantly extend the research on two such promising measures: the Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) and the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC). DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of a sample of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) discharges and a prospective follow-up of this cohort of children. SETTING: Arkansas Children's Hospital. PATIENTS: Two hundred children (ranging in age from birth to 21 yrs) discharged from a PICU. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Data were collected at PICU discharge, hospital discharge, and 1- and 6-month follow-up assessments after hospital discharge. Measures utilized included the POPC (at PICU discharge), PCPC (at PICU discharge), Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, fourth edition (at hospital discharge), Bayley Scales of Infant Development, second edition (at hospital discharge), and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (at 1 and 6 months after discharge). Stanford-Binet Intelligence Quotients and Bayley Mental Developmental Index scores were significantly different across PCPC categories (p < .0001). Bayley Psychomotor Developmental Index scores and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales scores varied significantly across POPC categories (p < .0001). The test for linear trend was also significant for each of the comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study offer additional support for the use of the PCPC and POPC. These brief and easily completed measures can provide useful information regarding probable outcomes for pediatric intensive care patients when more extensive psychometric testing is not feasible or desirable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Surveillance of pediatric HIV infection. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Pediatric AIDS.

Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) surveillance should expand to include perinatal HIV exposure and HIV infection as well as AIDS to delineate completely the extent and impact of HIV infection on children and families, accurately assess the resources necessary to provide services to this population, evaluate the efficacy of public health recommendations, and determine any potential long-term consequences of interventions to prevent perinatal transmission to children ultimately determined to be uninfected as well as for those who become infected. Ensuring the confidentiality of information collected in the process of surveillance is critical. In addition, expansion of surveillance must not compromise the established, ongoing surveillance system for pediatric AIDS. An expanded pediatric HIV surveillance program provides an important counterpart to existing American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommendations for HIV counseling and testing in the prenatal setting.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of pediatric advanced life support: the Pediatric Utstein Style. A statement for healthcare professionals from a task force of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Heart Association, and the European Resuscitation Council.

This consensus document is an attempt to provide an organized method of reporting pediatric ALS data in out-of-hospital, emergency department, and in-hospital settings. For this methodology to gain wide acceptance, the task force encourages development of a common data set for both adult and pediatric ALS interventions. In addition, every effort should be made to ensure that consistent definitions are used in all age groups. As health care changes, we will all be challenged to document the effectiveness of what we currently do and show how new interventions or methods of treatment improve outcome and/or reduce cost. Only through collaborative research will we obtain the necessary data. For these reasons, and to improve the quality of care and patient outcomes, it is the hope of the task force that clinical researchers will follow the recommendations in this document. It is recognized that further refinements of this statement will be needed; these recommendations will improve only when researchers, clinicians, and EMS personnel use them, work with them, and modify them. Suggestions, recommendations, and other comments aimed at improving the reporting of pediatric resuscitation should be sent to Arno Zaritsky, MD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughter, Division of Critical Care Medicine, 601 Children's Lane, Norfolk, VA 23507.

Child↗