Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PANCREATIC DUCTS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Wirsung's duct and chronic pancreatitis. Changes in the morphology of the pancreatic ducts after pancreatic duct shunts. 23 cases followed-up].

The authors study in chronic pancreatitis the morphology of Wirsung's duct in 31 patients who had undergone repeated operations, 23 of them were submitted in a first stage to an anastomosis between the pancreatic duct and the digestive tract. The main causes of failure were obstructions of the anastomosis, biliary complications and continuation of the pancreatic disease. The difference in prognosis between pancreatitis with a dilated pancreatic duct, and those with a filiform duct, is perhaps due to lesions of different histological appearance and course. The best results were obtained in patients able to give up alcohol and in whom it was possible to carry out a broader anastomosis on a dilated and unobstructed pancreatic duct.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Secretin stimulates HCO3(-) and acetate efflux but not Na+/HCO3(-) uptake in rat pancreatic ducts.

Pancreatic ducts secrete HCO3(-), but transport mechanisms are unresolved and possibly vary between species. Our aim was to study the intracellular pH (pHi) regulation and thus H+/HCO3- transport in rat pancreatic ducts. Of particular interest was the Na+/HCO3(-) cotransporter, thought to be important in HCO3(-) -transporting epithelia. pHi was measured with BCECF in freshly isolated intralobular ducts. A reduction in extracellular Na+ concentration or application of HOE 694 (1 microM) decreased pHi by 0.1 to 0.6 pH units, demonstrating Na+/H+ exchanger activity. A reduction in extracellular Cl- concentration or addition of H2DIDS (10 microM) increased pHi by 0.1 to 0.5 pH units, demonstrating Cl-/ HCO(3)- (OH ) exchanger activity. In experimental acidosis, extracellular HCO3(-)/CO2 buffer did not increase the rate of pHi recovery, indicating that provision of HCO3(-) by the Na+/HCO3(-) cotransporter was not apparent. Most importantly, Na+/HCO3(-) cotransport was not stimulated by secretin (1 nM). In contrast, in experimental alkalosis the pHi recovery was increased in HCO3(-)/CO2 buffer, possibly due to Na+/HCO3(-) cotransport in the efflux mode. Secretin (1 nM) and carbachol (1 microM) stimulated HCO3(-) efflux, which can account for the observed HCO3(-) concentrations in rat pancreatic juice. Acetate and HCO3(-) buffers were handled similarly, indicating similar transport mechanisms in pancreatic ducts.

4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid↗
PubMed1998

[Demonstration of normal bile duct and pancreatic duct with MR cholangiopancreatography].

Demonstration of normal bile duct and pancreatic duct with MR cholangiopancreatography was assessed in 78 patients including 19 cases of not impacted gallstone. Breath hold 2D-MRCP and intermittent breath hold 3D-MRCP was performed with half-Fourier fast spin echo technique using 1.5 T imager and surface coil. Diagnostic depiction rates of main pancreatic duct were 99% in the head, 97% in the body, and 91% in the tail, and of extrahepatic bile duct was 100%. Visualization of accessory pancreatic duct was 42%, but of side branch of pancreatic duct in the body to tail was poor. Anatomic variants of the biliary tree were seen in 15 cases. The reason of poor demonstration was the poor breath hold. In the majority of patients, MRCP can provide the accurate information of pancreaticobiliary tract without dilatation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Chronic pancreatitis: long-term surgical results of pancreatic duct drainage, pancreatic resection, and near-total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation.

Severe abdominal pain was the major indication for operation in 85 patients with chronic pancreatitis. Preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (50 patients) or intraoperative pancreatic ductograms (44 patients) demonstrated dilated or obstructed major pancreatic ducts in 50 patients (59%), nonvisualization of the distal duct in 10 patients (12%), and normal or small sized ducts in 34 patients (40%). Operative procedures, tailored according to duct morphology, included pancreatic duct drainage (46 patients), subtotal (40% to 80%) pancreatectomy (21 patients), near-total (85% to 95%) pancreatectomy alone (eight patients), and near-total or total pancreatectomy and intrahepatic islet autotransplantation (10 patients). Pancreatic duct drainage resulted in pain relief in 37/46 patients (80%) followed for 6 years. However, 20/46 patients (43%) had continued loss of pancreatic function after duct drainage as measured by the development of insulin-dependent diabetes (16 patients) or steatorrhea (seven patients). Seven years after subtotal pancreatectomy, pain relief was partial in 9/21 patients (43%) and complete in five patients (24%). A higher incidence of hypoglycemic or ketoacidotic complications was noted in patients treated by subtotal pancreatectomy (three patients, 14%) than by duct drainage (one patient, 2%). Near-total pancreatectomy was the most effective surgical procedure in relieving pain, but late sequelae in three patients (38%) included one hypoglycemic death and two ketoacidotic episodes. Five years after near-total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation, one patient remained permanently insulin independent; three patients were insulin independent for 4, 5, and 15 months, respectively, but subsequently developed nonketosis-prone diabetes (tested by insulin withdrawal) and require 15 to 30 U of insulin daily; three patients had immediate insulin requirements and currently need 20 to 30 U of insulin per day but are nonketosis prone; and two patients are ketosis prone and require 30 to 60 U of insulin daily. Our analysis suggests that 5-year survival of patients undergoing operation for chronic pancreatitis is similar after treatment by duct drainage, subtotal pancreatectomy, or near-total pancreatectomy, regardless of duct morphology. Five years after duct drainage or subtotal pancreatic resection, a high incidence of diabetes (59% and 48%) and/or continued pain (20%) and (35%) can be expected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effect of chronic partial pancreatic duct obstruction on pancreatic duct secretory pressure and permeability in cats.

Pancreatic secretion during pancreatic duct obstruction results in increased duct pressure. The normally impermeable pancreatic duct becomes permeable to macromolecules the size of pancreatic enzymes after secretion against obstruction. Permeability and morphologic changes may be related to increased secretory pressure during obstruction. We obstructed the main pancreatic duct of cats by 25-100% of its luminal diameter in different groups for 2, 7, or 28 days. Permeability to macromolecules of fluoresceinated dextran (FD) was greatest in cats with less than 75% obstruction compared with cats with greater than 75% obstruction regardless of the duration of obstruction. The frequency of permeability to FD decreased significantly as both the degree and duration of obstruction increased. Secretory pressure also changed according to degree and duration of obstruction. The highest pressures were in cats with complete obstruction at 2 days. Pressure decreased as the degree and duration of obstruction increased. Histologic changes such as acinar lobular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis were most severe in cats with the greatest degree and duration of obstruction. Pressure and permeability changes indicate a greater sensitivity to increased duct pressure than previously thought. These observations may clarify the role of pancreatic duct obstruction in pancreatic disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Biochemical and histochemical characterization of cultured rat and hamster pancreatic ducts.

Pancreatic duct fragments were isolated from rat and hamster pancreas and were cultured in an agarose matrix for up to 8 weeks (rat) or 20 weeks (hamster). The fragments consisted predominantly of duct epithelium, lesser numbers of stromal and atrophied acinar cells, and small numbers of islet cells. Hamster ducts averaged 3 micrograms protein per duct while rat ducts averaged 1 microgram, and the protein:DNA ratio of both types of ducts was less than that of whole pancreas. Estimated average duct yields of 6% (hamster) and 1% (rat) were based on the protein content of the ducts. Duct viability was shown by the incorporation of 3H-thymidine and 3H-leucine into bulk DNA and protein and by autoradiography. gamma-Glutamyl transferase and (Na + K)-ATPase specific activities were slightly elevated while amylase was depressed in the ducts when compared with whole pancreas in both species. gamma-Glutamyl transferase was localized histochemically in both duct epithelium and in surviving acinar tissue, as seen in vivo. Amylase was shown by immunohistochemistry to be present within duct lumina and in atrophied acini and their lumina. Alkaline phosphatase and Mg-ATPase specific activities were elevated in the hamster, but reduced in the rat, when compared with whole pancreas. Hamster alkaline phosphatase and Mg-ATPase were localized by histochemistry to the duct stroma, where these enzymes are not detected in vivo. Carbonic anhydrase was found in the duct epithelium of both species, as in vivo, as well as in the duct stroma, unlike in vivo. Acid glycosaminoglycans, as revealed by alcian blue staining, were found at the apical surfaces and in the lumina of both kinds of ducts. Glutathione-S-transferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were elevated in rat ducts, but not in hamster ducts. The polypeptide compositions of cultured ducts, freshly isolated pancreatic islets, and whole pancreas were compared by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. No duct-specific polypeptides were observed; the ducts were characterized mainly by the reduction or absence of polypeptides, including some zymogens, seen in whole pancreas.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed2002

Effects of acute pancreatic duct obstruction on pancreatic perfusion: implication of acute pancreatic duct decompression.

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis can result in pancreatic ischaemia and necrosis. Pancreatic duct (PD) obstruction may be the first step causing ischaemia in acute pancreatitis. Nitric oxide donors can attenuate acute pancreatitis through improvement in compromised pancreatic perfusion (PP). In this study, we determined if (1) PD obstruction altered PP and (2) PD decompression or L-arginine administration reversed this change. METHODS: Fifteen Australian possums were randomly assigned to two groups: Animals in group A (n = 6) were subjected to 30 min of PD obstruction and 60 min of PD decompression. Animals in group B (n = 9) were subjected to 120 min PD ligation and 60 min PD decompression. A subset group B (n = 6) were subjected to intravenous L-arginine (100 microg/kg) at the end of 120 min of ligation and at the end of PD decompression. The PP (Laser Doppler fluxmetry), PD pressure and blood pressure were continuously monitored. RESULTS: PD pressure increased from 2.9 +/- 2.5 to 18.1 +/- 4.9 mmHg following PD ligation. PP was reduced to 67.1% +/- 4.5% (P<0.01) and 46.2% +/- 7.5% (P<0.001) of baseline following 30 and 120 min of PD ligation, respectively. Following 60 min of PD decompression, PP was restored to 89.1% +/- 13.4% (P<0.02) of the baseline in the 30-min group. However, following 120 min PD ligation, PP remained depressed. L-arginine administration after 120 min of PD ligation transiently increased PP from 46.2% +/- 7.5% to 81.1% +/- 8.6% (P<0.03) of baseline. This effect was reproduced if L-arginine was administered at the end of decompression (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: In patients with acute pancreatitis due to obstructive causes, early decompression of the PD may prevent early pancreatic ischaemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Stent placement in the pancreatic duct prevents pancreatitis after endoscopic sphincter dilation for removal of bile duct stones.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatitis is the most serious complication of endoscopic sphincter dilation. The aim of this study was to determine whether temporary stent placement in the main pancreatic duct decreases the frequency of pancreatitis and level of hyperamylasemia. METHODS: Stents were placed in the pancreatic duct after endoscopic sphincter dilation in 40 consecutive patients with bile duct stones. Stents were removed endoscopically 3 days later. Changes in serum amylase and the frequency of pancreatitis for this group were compared with those in 92 patients who underwent sphincter dilation without pancreatic duct stent placement. RESULTS: Stent placement was successful in 38 of 40 patients. Although the difference in the frequency of pancreatitis was not significantly different between stent and control groups, there was a trend toward a decrease in pancreatitis in the stent group. The level of postprocedure hyperamylasemia was significantly less in the stent group (p < 0.05). There were no procedure-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: Temporary placement of a stent in the pancreatic duct after sphincter dilation for removal of bile duct stones has a beneficial effect in terms of postprocedure hyperamylasemia and appears to reduce the frequency of postprocedure pancreatitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Factors affecting the diameters of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) findings in 405 patients were analyzed to compare common bile duct (CBD) and main pancreatic duct (PD) diameters in relation to age, sex, gallbladder stones, CBD stones and acute pancreatitis. There were 129 patients with gallstones uncomplicated by pancreatitis, 131 patients with pancreatitis, and 145 control subjects. Significant correlations were found between CBD and PD diameters, and between these and age. Independently significant determinants of the CBD diameter were age, female, sex, CBD stones and gallbladder stones, as well as PD diameter. Conversely, PD diameter was significantly dependent upon age, CBD diameter, and acute pancreatitis. This study suggests that both CBD and PD dilation occurs in patients with gallstone disease. In view of the different factors which affect CBD and PD diameters (particularly age), important clinical decisions previously recommended on the basis of these duct diameters may need to be qualified.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Mutations of K-ras but not p53 genes in biliary duct and pancreatic duct carcinomas induced in hamsters by cholecystoduodenostomy with dissection of the common duct followed by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine.

An experimental model for the induction of extrahepatic biliary duct carcinomas in hamsters given cholecystoduodenostomy with dissection of the extrahepatic duct at the distal end of the common duct (CDDB) followed by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) has been reported [Tajima et al. (1994) Jpn. J. Cancer Res., 85, 780-788]. The CDDB procedure greatly accelerates cell turnover in the biliary epithelium. In the present experiment, mutations of K-ras and p53 genes in the induced lesions were investigated by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (RT-PCR-SSCP) method followed by direct sequencing. Mutations of K-ras, involving a G to A transition in second position of codon 12 of K-ras exon 1, were detected in six out of eight (75%) extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas and six out of eleven (54.5%) pancreatic duct carcinomas. However, no mutations of p53 were observed in either tumor type. The results indicate an association between anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction and development of biliary carcinomas that may be pertinent to the human situation, and indicate that conditions of the model predispose to mutations occurring in K-ras but not p53.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Accuracy and complication rate of brush cytology from bile duct versus pancreatic duct.

BACKGROUND: The accuracy and complication rates of brush cytology obtained from pancreaticobiliary strictures have not been fully defined. In this study we compared the accuracy and complications of brush cytology obtained from bile versus pancreatic ducts. METHODS: We identified 148 consecutive patients for whom brush cytology was done during an ERCP from a database with prospectively collected data. We compared cytology results with the final diagnosis as determined by surgical pathologic examination or long-term clinical follow-up. We followed all patients and recorded ERCP-related complications. RESULTS: Forty-two pancreatic brush cytology samples and 101 biliary brush cytology samples were obtained. The accuracy rate of biliary cytology was 65 of 101 (64.3%) and the accuracy rate of pancreatic cytology was 30 of 42 (71.4%). Overall sensitivity was 50% for biliary cytology and 58.3% for pancreatic cytology. Of 67 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, sensitivity for biliary cytology was 50% versus 66% for pancreatic cytology. Concurrent pancreatic and biliary cytology during the same procedure increased the sensitivity in only 1 of 10 (10%) patients. Pancreatitis occurred in 11 (11%) patients (9 mild cases, 2 moderate cases) after biliary cytology and in 9 (21%) patients (6 mild cases, 3 moderate cases) after pancreatic cytology (p = 0.22). In 10 patients who had pancreatic brush cytology, a pancreatic stent was placed. None of these patients developed pancreatitis versus 9 of 32 (28%) patients in whom a stent was not placed (p = 0.08). Pancreatic cytology samples obtained from the head of the pancreas were correct in 13 of 18 (72%) cases, from the genu in 7 of 7 (100%) cases, from the body in 5 of 9 (55%) cases, and from the tail in 4 of 7 (57%) cases. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of biliary brush cytology is similar to the accuracy of pancreatic brush cytology. The yield of the latter for pancreatic adenocarcinoma is similar to that of the former. Complication rates for pancreatic cytology are not significantly higher than the rates for biliary cytology. The placement of a pancreatic stent after pancreatic brushing appears to reduce the risk of postprocedure pancreatitis.

Adenocarcinoma↗