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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Suicide in Oxford University students, 1976-1990.

BACKGROUND: The aim was to determine the extent, characteristics and timing of suicide in Oxford University students. METHOD: Students who died from suicide or undetermined cause between October 1976 and September 1990 were identified through University records and individual colleges. Information about each student was sought from coroners, college staff, general practitioners and hospital case notes. RESULTS: There were 21 suicides (16 men and 5 women) and one open verdict (female). The observed number of suicides (O) was greater than the number expected (E = 11.09) on the basis of mortality statistics for England and Wales (O/E = 1.89; 95% CI 1.17 to 2.90). When deaths due to undetermined cause were included, however, the difference between O and E (17.03) was much reduced (O/E = 1.29; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.95). There was no evidence of an association with the Finals examination but two-thirds of the students had been worried about academic achievement or their courses. Nearly half appeared to have had a psychiatric disorder (mostly depression). CONCLUSIONS: The much publicised apparent excess of Oxford University student suicides may be partly artefactual. Measures for preventing student suicides include careful induction upon arrival at university, means of alleviating academic stress and worries, and readily available and closely associated student counselling and psychiatric services.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1978

Attempted suicide and suicide among Oxford University students.

A lower incidence of attempted suicide was found for Oxford University students than for other persons of the same age in Oxford City. This may be due to social class differences. Characteristics of the student attempters are reported. On the other hand, the rates for completed suicides of students, over a recent ten-year period, were in excess of those for the rest of their age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The 'gender gap' in final examination results at Oxford University.

A lower proportion of women than men obtain first class degrees at British universities (the so-called gender gap). At Oxford University, this difference is not seen in all degree subjects but is found both in some Arts and in some Science subjects. We have used a questionnaire administered under supervision to undergraduates 2 to 3 months before their final examination to assess factors which might be expected to affect examination performance. These included measures of verbal and non-verbal reasoning (Alice Heim AH6 test), self-esteem, motivation, responses to stresses of examinations and of personal relationships, happiness, risk-taking and working patterns. We have also obtained a detailed breakdown of the marks the students were given in the examination. Women scored higher on negative emotions while men scored higher on self-esteem, their perception of their own academic efficacy and on risk-taking strategies, but none of these factors predicted outcome. Verbal reasoning ability did predict outcome but there was no gender difference. Hence, it is concluded that the gender gap is not due to any of these individual differences and is more likely to be related to the nature of the academic assessment system.

Affect↗
PubMed1995

Attempted suicide in Oxford University students, 1976-1990.

During the 14 years between the beginning of academic year 1976-7 and the end of academic year 1989-90, 216 Oxford University students (119 females and 97 males) were referred to the general hospital in Oxford because of suicide attempts (254 in all). The rate of attempted suicide during university term-time (106/100,000) was lower than in other young people of similar age in Oxford City (164/100,000). The difference was particularly marked in females (178/100,000 v. 269/100,000). The lower rate in the students may in part reflect their generally higher socio-economic status. Very few of the attempts by the students appeared to be failed suicides. The most frequent problems faced by the students at the time of their attempts were interpersonal, especially difficulties regarding partners, followed by academic problems. The latter were usually problems with ongoing course work rather than with the Finals examinations. Approximately a quarter of the students had psychiatric problems, with personality disorders and depression being most common. At least 30% had a history of previous attempts. Suggestions are made concerning measures for improving the management and prevention of attempted suicide by students.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Alcohol consumption of undergraduates at Oxford University.

At the end of the fourth week of the spring term 1982, 734 female and 754 male undergraduates at Oxford University were sent a questionnaire inquiring about their alcohol consumption. Of the 561 women and 522 men who replied, 80% and 85% respectively had drunk alcohol during the previous four days. The mean consumption over the four days was 8 units (equivalent to four pints of beer) for the women and 15 units (equivalent to eight pints of beer) for the men. Two-fifths of the alcohol consumed by women was in the form of wine and three-fifths consumed by men was in the form of beer. Sixteen per cent of female drinkers and 28% of male drinkers did try to limit or cut down their drinking although only four women and seven men consulted a doctor or a counsellor about their alcohol consumption. Student health services should be aware that alcohol may play a part in health or personal problems. Undergraduates might appreciate health education literature on alcohol.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A human sexuality course for Oxford University medical students.

A human sexuality course for clinical students in Oxford was held based on the format of similar courses held in the U.S.A. with one-and-a-half days of films and lectures followed by discussion in small groups. The course was largely successful and evaluation of attitudes and knowledge revealed that significant preliminary changes resulted. Students who failed to complete the course had more inhibited attitudes towards sexuality and less sexual information compared with those who attended the whole course. Advice is given to those intending to hold such a course elsewhere, including how more inhibited students, who probably are most in need of such teaching, might be encouraged to participate.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1996

Manchester and Oxford Universities Scale for the Psychopathological Assessment of Dementia (MOUSEPAD).

BACKGROUND: There is increasing awareness of the importance of psychopathological and behavioural changes in dementia and a need for an instrument to measure these features which achieves an appropriate compromise between brevity and breadth. We describe a newly developed 59-item instrument: the MOUSEPAD. METHOD: Reliability, sensitivity and validity were examined with 30 carers, each of whom was interviewed four times over six weeks. RESULTS: For different symptom groups, kappa ranged from 0.43 to 0.93 for test-retest reliability, from 0.56 to 1.0 for inter-rater reliability, and from 0.43 to 0.67 for the validation study. CONCLUSIONS: The scale may be useful as an outcome measure in drug trials, for correlating psychopathological and behavioural changes with post-mortem findings, and in epidemiological surveys.

Aged↗