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Results for “Osteosclerosis”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Parathyroid hormone and vertebral osteosclerosis in uremic patients.

Six out of 30 patients with chronic renal failure showed osteosclerosis in the lateral radiograph of the lumbar spine. When two groups with a similar degree of renal impairment were compared, the patients with osteosclerosis were younger and had a significantly higher level of circulating PTH (p less than 0.05) and total hydroxyproline excretion (p less than 0.02), than patients without overt osteosclerosis. The metacarpal cortical thickness was significantly reduced in patients with vertebral osteosclerosis. The results suggest that in patients with chronic uremia endogenous hypersecretion of PTH is one of the most significant factors responsible for the development of osteosclerosis. The mineral released from other skeletal sites could be utilized in the mineralization of the newly formed trabecular bone without any external calcium gain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Focal osteosclerosis and apical periodontal pathoses in "European" and Cape coloured dental outpatients.

Standardized panoramic radiographs were used to determine and compare the prevalences of focal osteosclerosis (including condensing osteitis) and apical periodontal pathoses in a sequential presenting sample of 600 European and 600 Cape Coloured dental outpatients. Most cases of focal osteosclerosis were found in edentulous zones or associated with carious or inadequately restored teeth; however, some were subjacent to apparently sound teeth. Focal osteosclerosis of definite dental origin was just as common in participants aged 25 years and older as in younger individuals. While focal osteosclerosis occurred predominantly in the mandible, apical periodontal pathoses were distributed more evenly between both jaws.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Autosomal dominant osteosclerosis.

Autosomal dominant osteosclerosis, an entity previously labelled by various names, is clearly separate from Van Buchem disease; Van Buchem disease exhibits autosomal recessive inheritance. The clinical manifestation of autosomal dominant osteosclerosis is a widened and deepened mandible with increased gonial angle. Radiographic manifestations include endosteal sclerosis of the neurocranium with loss of the diploë, osteosclerosis and hyperostosis of the mandible with absence of the normal antegonial notches, endosteal sclerosis of the diaphyses of long bones (including metacarpals and metatarsals), and osteosclerosis of the pelvis.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1992

Painful diffuse osteosclerosis after intravenous drug abuse.

PURPOSE: We identify a new syndrome of acquired painful diffuse osteosclerosis associated with past intravenous drug abuse in two adults. METHODS: A 28-year-old white woman and a 38-year-old black man with a history of non-A, non-B chronic active hepatitis were referred to us for increasing bone pain that was especially severe in their lower extremities. They were studied at our clinical research center. RESULTS: Skeletal radiographs documented progressive generalized osteosclerosis. Increased bone mass was confirmed by dual-energy radiography, and bone scintigraphy showed diffusely increased radionuclide accumulation. Serum biochemical studies revealed elevated alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin levels, mild to moderately increased 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and normal parathyroid hormone levels. In urine, hydroxyproline excretion was elevated, whereas calcium levels were reduced. Iliac crest histomorphometry showed increased rates of bone formation. Hematology, renal function, serum protein electrophoresis, and screening for fluorosis as well as vitamin A and heavy metal poisoning were all normal. Family histories were negative. Both patients were seropositive for antibody against hepatitis C virus as well as against Epstein-Barr virus (antiviral capsid antigen IgG but not IgM). Each subject was seronegative for cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 and 2, and human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) 1 and 2. Assay for reverse transcriptase in lymphocyte co-culture fluid and polymerase chain reaction studies using HIV-1 primers on peripheral monocyte DNA were negative. Treatment with synthetic salmon calcitonin in both individuals rapidly led to decreased bone pain and to a decline in biochemical parameters of accelerated bone turnover. CONCLUSION: Painful diffuse osteosclerosis can follow intravenous drug abuse and is possibly caused by parenteral transmission of a virus that in some way stimulates bone formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Terminal phalageal osteosclerosis.

Osteosclerosis of the terminal finger phalanges was assessed by means of a grading score in two age-matched groups of 96 females, each suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthrosis (OA), respectively, and in a sample of 894 males and females, above the age of 44 years, from Dutch small town populations. Cortical thickness of the therminal phalanges decreases markedly with age. Whereas in the age group 45-54 years, terminal phalangeal osteosclerosis is more pronounced in females, at higher ages the difference between the sexes disappears. The diameter of the terminal cortex increases gradually from the second to the fifth finger. No differences were found between the RA and the OA groups, nor were these groups different from the population survey except for a lower incidence of terminal phalangeal osteosclerosis in female osteoarthrotics between 45 and 55 years of age, compared to females of the same age group from the population sample.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Osteosclerosis in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Osteosclerosis in adults with primary hyperparathyoidism is rare; the usual skeletal manifestation, when presented, is diffuse osteropenia. We describe a patient with generalized osteosclerosis in association with primary hyperparathyroidism. The findings are documented by conventional and fine-detail radiography, absorptiometric bone mineral analysis, quantitative microradiography and histologic examination of bone. The unique features are contrasted with the manifestations recorded in a recently studied group of 87 hyperparathyroid patients. The data presented here support a causal relationship in this patient between parathyroid hormone excess and the development of densely sclerotic bones.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1977

[Acro-osteosclerosis in the course of sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

The authors report two cases of acro-osteosclerosis occurring during sarcoidosis. Condensation lesions involve above all the distal and proximal phalanges of the hands. Comparison of these cases with those in the literature indicates that these particular types of bone changes in association with sarcoidosis are more common than indicated in the studies of Jüngling (occurrence estimated at 54% of subjects suffering from sarcoidosis with bone localisations). This acro-osteosclerosis is however not specific to sarcoidosis. It is seen in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, Hodgkin's disease and other haematological disorders. It has also been seen in normal individuals in X-rays taken at the time of a traumatic accident.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1978

Mental retardation and osteosclerosis.

We report a girl with profound mental retardation who, at 3 years of age, began to show a progressive osteosclerosis on bone roentgenograms. The bony changes were slightly suggestive of osteopetrosis from which they differed by a number of unusual features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Familial osteosclerosis with abnormalities of the nervous system and meninges.

A mother and daughter with osteosclerotic dysplasia are described. The daughter had generalized osteosclerosis, flattening of the angles of the mandibles, high-arched palate, mandibular and facial bone hypoplasia, a large sella turcica, and spacious foramen magnum, platybasia, basilar impression, widened spinal cord with enlarged intervertebral foramina, and scalloping of the posterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies. Radiographic contrast studies and operative intervention revealed multiple thoracic and lumbar meningoceles and an "empty" sella, as well as evidence of maldevelopment of the spinal cord, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex. Many of these skeletal features were noted to a lesser degree in the asymptomatic mother.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Osteosclerosis (punctate form) in multiple myeloma.

Generalized punctate and nodular osteosclerosis associated with multiple myeloma is reported with review of the literature and differential diagnoses. This patient differs from some others reported earlier in the absence of any recognized osteolytic lesions either during life or at autopsy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

Hereditary hypophosphataemic rickets with autosomal recessive inheritance and severe osteosclerosis. A report of two cases.

We have observed congenital hypophosphataemic rickets in two sons of a marriage between first cousins, their mother being clinically and biochemically normal. Both patients are now approaching middle age. In addition to severe childhood rickets and lifelong hypophosphataemia, their disease is characterised by gross osteosclerosis with extraskeletal ossification, clinically persistent osteomalacia in one and spinal cord compression in the other. The genetics of this disease can be satisfactorily explained only on the basis of autosomal recessive inheritance, a mode which has only once before been reported in the literature. The severity of certain features, which would be expected in a homozygous state, may help our understanding of the more usual X-linked form.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Pyruvate kinase deficiency anemia with terminal myelofibrosis and osteosclerosis in a beagle.

A 15-month-old male Beagle with chronic hemolytic anemia was found to have erythrocytic pyruvate kinase deficiency and, terminally, myelofibrosis and osteosclerosis. The dog's erythron was studied by procedures that enabled close comparison with congenital hemolytic anemia (pyruvate kinase deficiency) of Basenji dogs. The affected dog's sire, dam, and one littermate--each clinically and hematologically normal--were found to have 50% reduction in erythrocytic pyruvate kinase (PK) activity.

Ancylostomiasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Total hypertrophy of 1 lower limb associated with/banded osteosclerosis, vascular flat nevus and acrocyanosis].

Forty years have gone by since the first case of total hypertrophy of the lower limb, associated with plane vascular naevus and partial "banded" osteosclerosis, was published, in 1935 by Al Rădulescu. No similar case was found in this time. The authors present now two cases of Rădulescu syndrome, identical with the first case, demonstrated with clinical, radiological and morphopathologic elements. A detailed differential diagnosis is made, which confirms the Rădulescu syndrome, a separate, well-defined morbid entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Osteosclerosis in the phalanges in sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

Osteosclerosis in the phalanges is a frequent finding in sarcoidosis and its incidence appears higher then that of the osteolytic lesions. Of 19 patients with histological diagnosis of sarcoidosis areas of bone sclerosis in the phalanges were found in 6 cases (31, 5 percent).

Female↗