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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Cold and warm thermoregulation by oropharynx area and esophagus].

UNLABELLED: After being ingested, food and liquids suffer a thermal regulation process, which adapts them immediately to the body temperature by means of the mucosa diffusion. We have not found bibliographical information about this matter yet. OBJECTIVES: 1) To describe the reaction of the oropharynx area and the esophagus by heat and coldness. 2) To compare both areas reaction. STUDY POPULATIONS: Six patients (three men, three women, Age: mean 42 years old, SD 11.8), healthy individuals without both gastrointestinal and systemic disease that could after microcirculation. MATERIALS & METHODS: Temperature measurement of liquid at mouth entrance and at 24 cm and 38 cm from dentary superior arcade using two thermocouples. Deglution of 40 ml of hot water (X 60 degrees C at entrance) or cold water (X 4 degrees C) in two draughts. Temperature measurement at both thermocouples at the end of deglution (time = 0 (zero)) and every 10 seconds. Random sequences every 30 minutes. RESULTS: Using water at 60 degrees C, the temperature descended to 42 degrees C in the distal end. The oropharynx region dissipated 45% of the initial temperature while the esophagus completed the other 55%. The esophagus itself dissipated 65.6% of the 12.2 degrees C in time = 0 (zero). After 40 seconds the temperature reached the normal body temperature. In the case of the iced water (4 degrees C), the total work consisted on increasing temperature 33.6 degrees C to the normal corporal temperature. The 68.45% of the difference between the initial and the final temperature was obtained by the oropharynx region and the rest by the esophagus. In time = 0 (zero) the temperature increased up to 30 degrees C and the esophagus only contributed with 28.3% of the total work. The normal corporal temperature was reached after 40 seconds. It was observed a significant difference in the heating capacity between the oropharynx region and esophagus (p > 0.001). There was also a significant difference in the oesophagus itself between heat and coldness in time = 0 (zero) ¿65.6% (heat) Vs. 28.3% (coldness), 0.02 > p > 0.01¿ and values between time = 0 (zero) and 10-40 seconds (p > 0.001). CONCLUSION: 1) The ability of cooling was similar in both regions. 2) In the oropharynx region the capacity of heating was higher (voluntary time of deglution) than in the esophagus region. 3) The esophagus initial response before coldness was slower than oropharynx region's one. The buccal retention was greater. 4) Before both stimulus, normal corporal temperature was reached after 40 seconds. COMMENTARY: The isothermation of coldness and heat would work through the same mechanism: the mucosa vasodilatation and the increase of blood flow. This hypothesis would be valid for all the mucosa of the digestive tract. This mechanism could be altered in inflammatory diseases. Iced water washings on bleeding wounds be counter-productive. The persistence of extreme temperatures in the environment modifies the structure of the esophagus mienteric plexus (Auerbach's plexus). Frequent ingestion of fluids above 60 degrees C would be a predisponent factor for esophagus cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Detection of the sentinal node in squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Preliminary study].

INTRODUCTION: The sentinel lymph node is defined as the first relay of the lymphatic drainage of the tumor. Isotopic detection of the sentinel lymph node and absence of its metastatic invasion should theoretically be predictive of total drainage of the tumor. The goal of this study was to evaluate sentinel lymph node detectability by lymphoscintigraphy in N0 and/or N1 squamous-cell carcinoma of oral cavity and oropharynx and to determine its negative predictive value. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Lymphoscintigraphy was used for sentinel lymph node detection. The procedure required peritumoral injection of technicium-labeled colloids to enable anatomical and cutaneous location of the sentinel lymph node. A one-way Tyco-Mallinckrodt probe was used for intraoperative detection of the sentinel lymph node. This prospective study included 21 patients with N0 or N1 squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and the oropharynx. The surgical attitude based on T and N was not modified in this prospective study without direct individual benefit for the patient. Neck dissection was achieved without difficulty. RESULTS: The sentinel lymph node was identified in 20 out of 21 subjects. The sentinel lymph node was not identified in one patient with recurrence T2N0M0 squamous-cell carcinoma of the oropharynx radiated 3 years earlier. The percentage of false-negatives was 12.5% (1 false-negative out of 8 positive patients), giving a sensibility of the detection method of 87.5% (IC (95%)=[47.35-99.68]). This false-negative patient had a T3N0M0 squamous-cell carcinoma of the oropharynx with a sentinel lymph node removed in territory III. Neck dissection revealed 1 N + R- in the sub-mandibular territory associated with 27 N-R-. The probability of not finding a metastatic node at neck dissection when the sentinel lymph node is not metastatic (negative predictive value) was 92.3% (12/13) (IC (95)=[63.97-99.81]). The specificity of the method was 100%, as was the positive predictive value, because no sentinel node was diagnosed positive wrongly on frozen sections among patients without true histological node metastasis. DISCUSSION: For routine care of patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and the oropharynx detection of the sentinel lymph node is proposed primarily for patients with T1T2N0 staging. Larger tumors can modify the architecture and flow within the lymphatic ducts, and consequently even the concept of a sentinel lymph node. Systematic neck dissection is required or T3T4, even when N0. Our series of T1T2N0 tumors is too small to enable statistically significant conclusions. A low level of false-negative in a larger series would be necessary to propose this technique instead of convention neck dissection for T1T2 tumors of the oral cavity and oropharynx.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between CD4 count and intensity of Candida colonization in the oropharynx of HIV-infected/ AIDS patient.

AIM: To know the correlation between CD4 count and intensity of Candida colonizations in the oropharynx of HIV-infected/AIDS patients, to get the prevalence of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), and to know what kind of Candida species that causes oropharynx candidiasis of HIV-infected/AIDS patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in HIV-infected/AIDS patients who came as outpatients and inpatients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The patients were interviewed, physically examined, their CD4 counts were checked, and their mouth rinse samples were taken to be cultured. Candida species was identified in CHROMagar media, and data were processed. RESULTS: From September 2004 until January 2005, 60 HIV-infected/AIDS patients were included in this study. There were 86.7% males and 13.3% females. Majority of the patients were from 20-30 years age group (85%). The most frequent transmission was among drug users (75%) followed by sexual contact (18.3%). The median of CD4 counts was 100 cells/il, ranged from 2 to 842 cells/il. Proportion of the OPC was 63.3% (CI 95% = 51.1 - 75.5). From 59 Candida isolates in this study, 74.58% were C. albicans. Candida non C. albicans species that were found in this trial were C. krusei, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis. There was significant correlation between low CD4 counts and high intensity of Candida colonization on the oropharynx of the subjects (r = -0.756). CONCLUSION: There was strong negative correlation (r = -0.756) between CD4 count and intensity of Candida colonization in the oropharynx of HIV-infected/AIDS patients. Proportion of OPC in this study was 63.3%. The most frequent species found in the oropharynx of the subjects was C. albicans.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1982

[Lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the oropharynx: incidence and differential di].

From 1960--1980, 452 malignant tumors of the oro- and nasopharynx were observed in the Cologne university ENT-clinic. 313 tumors of the oropharynx and 119 of the nasopharynx could be reclassified using the current classifications of upper respiratory tract tumors (WHO and Cologne modification) and of malignant lymphomas (German Kiel and Rappaport classifications). The analysis showed a different distribution of histological diagnoses in the naso- and oropharynx. Whereas the squamous cell carcinoma dominates with 57% in the oropharynx it is seldom seen (only 13%) in the nasopharynx. The non-keratinizing the undifferentiated carcinomas showed an inverse distribution in both regions. Malignant lymphomas and other types of malignant tumors occur equally frequent in the naso- and in the oropharynx. Only patients with non-keratinizing and undifferentiated carcinomas of the nasopharynx showed elevated antibody titers against Epstein-Barr virus. 7 patients with tumors of the same histological type but localization in the oropharynx had no elevated antibody titers against EBV.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Functional results and survival probability of tumor patients after reconstruction of the mouth cavity and oropharynx using a microvascular radial forearm flap].

In tumor surgery of the oral cavity and oropharynx function and quality of life should be maintained and large resection margins to avoid recurrences. For these purposes the radial forearm flap has proved to be a versatile tissue transfer since it is thin and pliable and has a long vascular pedicle. From 1987 to 1991 we used the radial forearm flap in performing 70 reconstructions of the oral cavity and oropharynx after resection of squamous cell carcinomas. Forty-six patients had carcinomas of the oropharynx, while 24 patients had carcinomas of the oral cavity. The indications for these reconstructions were tumors of the oral cavity and oropharynx greater than T2 which after resection were not suitable for primary closure of the defect. Thirty-seven patients died during the follow-up period, with 36% dying within the first 2 years after operation. Fifty-five percent of these patients died of recurrences, 17% of metastases and 11% of intercurrent diseases. In 17% of cases the cause of death was unknown. The 2-year survival probability was 52% (Kaplan Meier). Our results show that reconstructions with the radial forearm flap do not improve survival rates when compared to the general survival rate in these cases despite a possibly larger resection margin allowing a more radical tumor resection. Thirty-one of the 33 patients still alive underwent following examinations. Forty-six percent of the patients with tumors of the oropharynx and 57% of the patients with tumors of the oral cavity had severe difficulties in swallowing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of amphotericin B lozenges on the presence and number of Candida cells in the oropharynx of neutropenic leukemia patients.

A retrospective evaluation was made on the value of amphotericin B lozenges in the selective elimination of yeasts from the oropharynx. Four different groups of severely granulocytopenic patients were studied. All 77 patients received amphotericin B orally as a suspension or as tablets. Four amphotericin B lozenges were also administered daily for topical antimycotic decontamination of the oropharynx. This was done in the presence of colonization-resistance decreasing factors such as a nasogastric tube (Group I, 19 patients) or mucosal damage (Group III, 25 patients) and in patients with four or more consecutive throat swab cultures with yeasts (Group IV, 11 patients). The 22 patients in Group II did not receive lozenges. The addition of lozenges resulted in a decrease in the mean "growth density" of Candida cells in the oropharynx. This reduction was significant in Group III (p less than 0.01) and Group IV (p less than 0.02) and became evident during the first week of treatment. In patients with a nasogastric tube, however, 51.8% of the throat swab cultures revealed yeasts. Increasing the dose of the lozenges might improve the results in these patients. Topical treatment of the oropharynx with amphotericin B lozenges is advocated for patients who are susceptible to Candida infections.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed2005

Emergence of quinolone resistance among viridans group streptococci isolated from the oropharynx of neutropenic peripheral blood stem cell transplant patients receiving quinolone antimicrobial prophylaxis.

In neutropenic patients receiving quinolone prophylaxis, bacteremia with viridans group streptococci resistant to quinolones is a known complication. The frequency of occurrence of quinolone-resistant organisms colonizing the oropharynx during antibacterial prophylaxis with a quinolone is not well defined. In 48 patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the prevalence of quinolone resistance in viridans group streptococci colonizing the oropharynx before and during antibacterial prophylaxis with gatifloxacin or moxifloxacin (most with concomitant penicillin) was determined. For quinolone-resistant isolates, mutations in the genes gyrA and parC, which confer resistance to quinolones, were analyzed. Seventy-four isolates before and 27 isolates during quinolone use were recovered from patients' oropharynxes. The numbers of susceptible isolates recovered before versus during quinolone use were as follows: 52 (70%) versus three (11%) for ciprofloxacin, 66 (89%) versus eight (30%) for levofloxacin, 66 (89%) versus ten (37%) for gatifloxacin, and 67 (91%) versus 11 (41%) for moxifloxacin (p<0.0001). Mutations in gyrA and/or parC were detected in quinolone-resistant isolates. Quinolone-resistant viridans group streptococci are frequently found in the oropharynx of neutropenic patients after a brief (median, 8 days) exposure to gatifloxacin or moxifloxacin.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Foreign body in ear, nose and oropharynx: experience from a tertiary hospital.

UNLABELLED: The occurrence of foreign bodies in otorhinolaryngology is reason of constant searches for emergency services. OBJECTIVE: To value the incidence of patients with foreign body, to analyze the clinical situation and the treatment in these cases. METHOD: The prospective study was realized in 81 patients with diagnosis of foreign body of nose, ear or oropharynx in the otorhinolaryngology service of the Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal de São Paulo between april/2003 and march/2005. RESULTS: 57 cases of foreign body of ear, 13 cases of nose and 11 of oropharynx. These patients, 51.85% were men and 48.15% were women. The age average was 23 years old. The average of the evolution time was 18.36 days, being that 38.27% these cases were taken care in less 24 hours of evolution. Inside the total of patients, 83.95% received initial attendance in the otorhinolaryngology clinic, and 16.05% came of another service after some previous removal attempt. The most common symptom of the foreign bodies cases of oropharynx it was odinofagia present in 90.91% of the cases; in the foreign bodies of nose, the unilateral rhinorrhea and cacosmia were present in 46.15 of the cases; in the foreign bodies of ear, 38.60% evolved without symptoms and 28.07 with hipoacusia. The most frequent foreign body of oropharynx it was the fish spine (54.55%); in the nose it was the paper (30.77%); and in the ear it was the cotton (31.58%). The complications resulting of the presence of foreign body or about the manipulation of these had been found in 13 cases (16.05%). CONCLUSION: Most cases of foreign body conditions, in which a non-specialist professional or a non-professional person previously handles its removal, have a bad evolution with emerging complications. Such outcomes strengthen the fact that an otorhinolaryngologist using the proper equipment must treat patients with foreign body.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Influence of urease activity of the oral cavity and oropharynx on 13C-urea breath test].

We examined whether 13C-urea breath test with powdered 13C-Urea is affected with urease activity in the oral cavity and oropharynx in H. pylori negative cases. We also examined whether the degree of gargling affects the results of 13C-UBT. The results demonstrated that the urease activity not only in the oral cavity, but in the oropharynx may influence the UBT value. Therefore, it is possible that the UBT value may be affected with relic urease activity in the oropharynx if only the oral cavity is gargled. In conclusion, Gargling of the oropharynx in addition to the oral cavity is important to obtain true negative diagnosis with 13C-UBT in patients without Helicobacter pylori infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Axial CT measurements of the cross-sectional area of the oropharynx in adults with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

PURPOSE: To determine whether narrowing of the oropharynx increases during relaxation in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. MATERIALS: The study included 23 adult men in whom polysomnography had established a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Subjects had an average of 53 episodes of sleep apnea per hour, with each episode lasting 40 seconds or more. Oxygen saturation dropped an average of 22% during sleep. Hypnotic relaxation was induced in all patients, and high-resolution CT scans with sagittal and coronal reconstruction of the oropharynx were obtained in the awake state and during the relaxation state using the same parameters. The cross-sectional area of the oropharynx was measured in a minimum of 10 CT axial sections in each case. RESULTS: In all patients, the narrowest cross-sectional area of the oropharynx was smaller during hypnotic relaxation than in the awake state. The average difference between both measures was 42%. In the awake state, the measurements ranged from 15 to 55 mm2 (average, 38 mm2). During hypnotic relaxation, they ranged from 0 to 35 mm2. Oxygen saturation during hypnotic relaxation dropped in all patients from 9% to 17% (average, 14%). No episodes of sleep apnea were observed during hypnotic relaxation. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with obstructive sleep apnea, airways were demonstrably smaller in diameter during hypnotic relaxation than during the awake state.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retropharyngeal node dissection in cancer of the oropharynx and hypopharynx.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of metastases to retropharyngeal (RP) nodes and to evaluate the results of RP node dissections in advanced carcinomas of the oropharynx and hypopharynx. Twenty-four patients with stage III/IV squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx and hypopharynx were treated with standard resection, RP node dissection up to the base of the skull, and radiotherapy of 50 Gy postoperatively to the RP space if RP nodes were involved. Fifty percent (12 of 24) of the patients had positive RP nodes, 36% (4/11) with carcinoma of the oropharynx and 62% (8/13) with carcinoma of the hypopharynx. Six patients had recurrences and of them five died of the disease. The cumulative 3-year survival rate (Kaplan-Meier) was 53%. Because of the high incidence of metastases to RP nodes in stage III/IV oropharynx and hypopharyngeal cancers, we recommend the adding of RP node dissection in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Prognostic relevance of proliferation marker Ki-67 (MIB 1), PCNA and p53 in combined surgically and radiologically treated cancers of the oropharynx and mouth cavity].

STUDY DESIGN: A matched-pair study on the relationship between proliferation associated markers Ki-67, PCNA, and p53 and treatment failure in carcinomas of the oropharynx and oral cavity. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Fifty-six T1-T3 carcinomas of the oropharynx or oral cavity, treated uniformly with primary surgery and postoperative irradiation, were investigated. Twenty-eight patients had recurrent disease and were matched with 28 patients with nonrecurrent disease regarding stage and location of tumor as well as age and therapy. MIB1 staining was used to determine the Ki-67 labeling index. Immunohistochemical studies determined the p53 status and PCNA labeling index. RESULTS: Where treatment failed, the Ki-67 labeling index was significantly (p = 0.032) higher (mean = 59.1%) than in patients without recurrence (mean = 50.5%). Mean time to relapse was 45 months (n = 25) for carcinomas with a Ki-67 (MIB1) labeling index above the median (53.7%) of the general study population, compared to 61.7 months for those cases (n = 31) below this median (p = 0.029). The PCNA labeling index did not correlate significantly with tumor recurrence, nor with time to relapse. In 46% of all tumors, p53 overexpression was present. No significant correlation could be found between p53 overexpression and tumor recurrence or time to relapse. CONCLUSION: Examination of Ki-67 is thought to provide useful prognostic information concerning squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx and oral cavity. Overexpression of p53 or PCNA status is not of prognostic value, which is consistent with earlier results. We conclude that the detection of Ki-67 is an unfavorable prognostic factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx and oral cavity, at least if treated with a combination of surgery and postoperative irradiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of anatomical location of squamous cell carcinoma within the oral cavity and oropharynx with the incidence of in vitro hyperdiploidy.

The anatomical location of the squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) within the oral cavity and oropharynx influenced the association of SCCA with the biomarker in vitro hyperdiploidy in human dermal fibroblast cultures (IVH). There was a strong association of IVH with the occurrence of SCCA in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, floor of the mouth and lower alveolar ridge of the oral cavity and in the base of the tongue and pharyngeal wall of the oropharynx. There was a lower association of SCCA with IVH in the tonsillar region of the oropharynx. IVH showed no association with SCCA located in other anatomical parts of the oral region. The patient group whose diagnosis of SCCA in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue occurred prior to the age of 50 years were invariably IVH-, whereas those diagnosed after the age of 50 years were IVH+, providing evidence for heterogeneity. There was no such correlation of biomarker subgrouping with age of diagnosis demonstrated for SCCA at any other anatomical location within the oral cavity or oropharynx.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Transoral laser resection with staged discontinuous neck dissection for oral cavity and oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma.

Transoral laser resection of oral cavity and oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (OOSCC) is a widely accepted approach in the absence of cervical lymph node metastases. This study investigated the results of transoral laser surgery and discontinuous neck dissection (ND) for OOSCC with clinically obvious or suspected cervical node metastases. One hundred seventeen patients with infiltrating oral carcinoma were treated for cure with transoral resection of the primary and staged ND. Twenty-nine primaries were classified as T1, 50 as T2, 35 as T3, and 3 as T4. Lymph node metastases were identified in the ND specimen of 36 patients. All patients were followed for a minimum of 3 years unless they died. Estimated tumor-related survival after 5 years is 81% for stage I and II disease of the oral cavity, 86% for stage I and II disease of the oropharynx, 73% for stage III disease of the oral cavity, 65% for stage III disease of the oropharynx, and 21% for stage IV disease of the oral cavity and the oropharynx. Local and regional control of cancer was achieved in 72 (62%) of the 117 patients. Forty-five local and regional recurrences were diagnosed during the follow-up period. Two patients died of distant metastases with no evidence of local or regional recurrence. The combination of transoral laser resection and staged ND for the treatment of OOSCC seems to offer satisfactory cure rates for a selected group of patients. These two minor surgical interventions cause less morbidity than commando-type surgery and lead to low perioperative mortality and morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Oral cavity and oropharynx malignant neoplasms in the material of the 2nd ENT Department of Silesian Medical Academy Zabrze].

UNLABELLED: Malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity and oropharynx in Poland make about 4% of all the malignant tumors in men and 1% in women. 90% of the histologic diagnoses is the squamous cell carcinoma. The most frequent sites of these neoplasms are: lower and lateral surface of the tongue, the bottom of the oral cavity, lingual surface of the labial gingiva, retromandibular triangle, tonsils and the root of the tongue. About 85% of all oral cavity and oropharynx tumors are detected after they reached 2 centimetre in diameter. 60% of these tumors are recognized in the level III or IV of the clinical grading. The aim of the study was to estimate the frequency of the oral cavity and oropharynx malignant neoplasms, their clinical grading, evaluation of histologic results and a kind of treatment. A retrospective analysis of 201 patients treated at The II ENT Department Silesian Medical Academy in Zabrze because of the oral cavity and oropharynx malignant neoplasms. RESULTS: In our group were 45 women and 156 men. The majority of the patients were clinically advanced of the disease. The most frequent site of the tumor was the tongue and tonsils. Histopathological study showed that the most frequent diagnosis was the squamous cell carcinoma (92.5%). In the greater part of the patients the combined treatment (surgery and radiotherapy) was applied (62.7%). The most important activity for the survival time elongation and decrease of the crippledom after surgery is the early detection of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Pressure-Specifying Sensory Device: quantitative sensory measurement in the oral cavity and oropharynx of normal adults.

We conducted a study to quantitatively determine the pressure perception thresholds in the oral cavity and oropharynx of a normal population with the Pressure-Specifying Sensory Device (PSSD). The PSSD measured pressure perception thresholds for both static and moving one- and two-point discrimination modalities at a variety of sites in the oral cavity and oropharynx as well as in the forearm of 11 adults. We also evaluated the ability of the PSSD to enhance sensory discrimination in four of these subjects by the process of sensory re-education for 11 days over a 15-day period. We found that the buccal mucosa and the tongue tip were the most sensitive sites in the oral cavity and oropharynx and that the floor of the mouth and the soft palate were the least sensitive. Sensory discrimination in the oral cavity was enhanced in all four subjects who underwent sensory re-education, although it returned to baseline levels over time after re-education was discontinued. The degree of intra- and intertester variability was minimal. Our data can be used as an aid in the development of techniques to surgically restore sensation in the oral cavity and oropharynx.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic factor of radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx without clinically positive nodes.

Local control rates of oropharynx carcinoma treated with radiation alone were reported as 40 to 71%. We investigate the factors which affect the local control rate for oropharynx carcinoma. From 1967 through 1982, 62 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx without positive neck nodes were treated with external radiation at the Department of Radiology, Osaka University Hospital. Five-year actuarial survival rates of T1, T2, T3 and T4 cases were 53%, 63%, 47% and 0%, respectively. Five-year local control rates of T1, T2, T3 and T4 cases were 51%, 46%, 34% and 0%, respectively. In 52 cases treated with a total dose of 60 Gy or more, tumor response could be evaluated at the dose level of 40 and 60 Gy. The local control rates of tumors which disappeared and persisted at 40 Gy were 88% (7/8) and 39% (17/44), respectively (p < 0.05). Of 44 cases which persisted at 40 Gy, the local control rates of tumors which disappeared and persisted at 60 Gy were 48% (11/23) and 29% (6/21), respectively (p > 0.30). Evaluation of tumor response at 40 Gy was an important indicator of local control for N0 oropharynx carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

In vivo optical coherence tomography of the human oral cavity and oropharynx.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an evolving imaging modality that combines interferometry with low-coherence light to produce high-resolution tissue imaging. Cross-sectional in vivo images were obtained using an OCT device consisting of a Michelson interferometer, 1.3-microm broadband light source, and a handheld fiberoptic imaging probe. Image pixel resolution approached 10 microm. The mucosa of the oral cavity and oropharynx were examined in 41 patients during operative endoscopy. Optical coherence tomographic imaging was combined with endoscopic photography for gross and histologic image correlation. Optical coherence tomographic images of the oral cavity and oropharynx provided microanatomical information on the epithelium, basement membrane (BM), and supporting lamina propria (LP) of the mucosa. Normal microstructures identified in these tissues included an overlying keratin layer, papillae, ducts, glands, and blood vessels. Regions of pathologic features studied included mature scar, granulation tissue, mucous cysts, leukoplakia, and invasive cancer. Optical coherence tomographic imaging showed distinct zones of normal, altered, and ablated tissue microstructures for each pathologic process studied. Abnormal findings were directly compared with regions of normal tissue or conventional histopathologic features when tissue for analysis was available. This study provides a composite series of in vivo OCT images of the oral cavity and oropharynx in a variety of normal regions and pathologic states as well as outline future applications of OCT technology.

Adult↗