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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Uses and limitations of microcomputers for epidemiological research in occupational health.

The rapid improvements in microcomputer systems have contributed to ease of performance of epidemiological research in occupational health. Computers now available can aid in all stages of research- from the early stages of literature review to data collection, analysis and presentation. Optical storage devices now allow large occupational health data bases to be stored on a single compact disc, with the information accessible by microcomputer. Hand-held computers and optical scanners allow paperless collection of field data. Epidemiological analysis and data presentation is easily done with software packages, some of which are in the public domain. However, there are limitations in the use of computers for any epidemiological research. Investment of time is required to learn the use of a computer. Care needs to be taken to ensure accurate data entry, and correct choice has to be made of methods for subsequent statistical analysis. Microcomputers are valuable as labour saving devices, but cannot replace proper planning, execution and appropriate data analysis in epidemiological research in occupational health.

Health Services Research↗
PubMed1992

Sens-A-Ray. A new system for direct digital intraoral radiography.

A new system for direct digital intraoral radiography, Sens-A-Ray, is presented. This system is based on a detector with a charge-coupled device that was designed especially for direct exposure to x-ray radiation. The system also includes interface electronics and an IBM AT-compatible personal computer with a digital I/O with frame memory, a super VGA graphics board, a high-resolution monitor, and software for the exposure, capture, storage, and enhancement of images. An external optical mass storage device is used for permanent storage of images in digital format. A video printer may be used to create hard copies. The system produces radiographic images at a significantly lower exposure than required for E-speed intraoral film. Applications of the system are exemplified, and its basic properties are discussed.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1992

Image archival technologies.

A typical radiology department can create many gigabytes of image data per day and as much as 1 terabyte of data per year. Archiving and accessing this much data are substantial problems. One solution is data compression, which decreases data storage requirements and increases the rate of data transfer; however, standards are not yet available. Other solutions involve improvements in archival media. Jukebox subsystems allow automated access to multiple units. Digital magnetic tape, the standard medium, can store large amounts of information and enables easy updates or replacements; more practical technologies have been introduced in recent years. Digital videotape allows storage of digital video data and features a high rate of data transfer. Optical disks, now the preferred permanent archival medium, have a large storage capacity and provide excellent long-term stability. Optical tape is also being investigated as a solution to the archiving dilemma. Which technology to choose depends on many factors, including needs of the institution and the cost, stability, transfer time, and storage capacity of the system.

Computer Storage Devices↗
PubMed1991

Practical use of optical cards in medical care.

This paper reports excellent results with respect to application of optical cards in medical care, based on improvements in the technology for encoding optical cards and devices used to increase read-write speed, and also reports the issuance of the first Japanese standards for the data format of optical cards.

Information Storage and Retrieval↗
PubMed1999

Migration from hierarchal storage management to ASM storage server: a case study.

The Department of Radiology at the University of Utah Hospitals and Clinics had to make a change from its current hierarchical storage management (HSM) system. The HSM software is the heart of any near-line data storage system and any change in this software affects all near-line and on-line data storage. In this case, over a terabyte of data had been migrated in more than 2 million files. The traditional method of reading in the old data and then writing it out to the new system was calculated to take more than 60 years. Here, we will examine the reasons for making such a radical change in the HSM used. We will also discuss why ASM (the new HSM software) was selected, and the performance improvements seen. A second, less difficult transition was made a few months later, of upgrading to a newer faster tape technology. The two types of tapes were incompatible, but the storage software and robotics used allowed for a peaceful coexistence during the transition. The transition from HSM to ASM was not a trivial task. It required a reasonable implementation/migration plan, which involved finding the correct resources and thinking outside the norm for solutions. All sites that have any amount of data stored in near-line devices will face similar conversions. This presentation should help in the event that a data conversion plan is not already in place.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1994

Integration of ultrasound in a fully digital radiology department.

OBJECTIVES: The authors' experiences concerning the use of video-framegrabbers for the integration of ultrasound devices into a fully digital imaging environment are presented. METHODS: Video acquisition workstations (VAW) (Siemens, Gammasonics Inc., Hoffman Estates, IL) are used in our department to link ultrasound devices to the picture archiving and communication system (PACS). A study was carried out concerning the impact of this integration on throughput by comparing the average times for image acquisition and storage in this digital system with the times found in a conventional archive, which is still used for some ultrasound units. The annual costs for the two kinds of archives were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Video acquisition is a feasible way of integrating ultrasound in a digital environment. No impact on throughput has been found for the radiologist carrying out the examination, but for the assisting technologist, the times for image retrieval and archiving could be reduced from 3 minutes and 8 seconds to 24 seconds per patient. The instant availability of previous studies could be increased from 93.5% to almost 100%. Archive costs could be reduced by 28%, with further reductions to be expected using different archive configurations.

Austria↗
PubMed1992

Digital archive center: implementation for a radiology department.

OBJECTIVE: In this article, we describe the implementation of a digital archive center for a radiology department in a 700-bed teaching hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The archive center consists of two identical archive systems, each comprising five components: an archive server, a data-base server, an optical disk library, a stand-alone optical disk drive, and a communication network. An image management system controls the image traffic from acquisition devices to display stations. A fault-tolerant mechanism was built into the archive center to achieve a 100% uptime. RESULTS: The center has been in operation for over 6 months. We have not experienced a single total system failure during this period. It currently archives all digital images from three MR units and four CT scanners and selected images from three computed radiographic systems and two laser film digitizers. The center archives between 1.5 and 2.0 gigabytes of images per workday. CONCLUSION: With its built-in fault-tolerant mechanism, we believe that the implemented archive center is very reliable and is suitable for a radiology department to archive its digital images.

Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over↗
PubMed1993

A study on the development of a filing system for funduscopic images with a personal computer for Twin AMHTS.

A filing system for ocular funduscopic image data was developed by using a personal computer for the Twin AMHTS. The development of the system was tried as one of the data transfer system including image data between two similar AMHTSs named the Twin AMHTS through the information network system. The filing system is capable of storing 26782 data of ophthalmoscopic pictures with a data compression mode by using a magneto-optical disk (MOD) whose storage capacity of both sides is 616 MB. It takes no long time for retrieval and display of the image data in the filing system. Good quality of compression and decompression obtained and reproducibility of the ocular fundus picture is favorable regardless of normal or abnormal cases. As a result, it is suggested that the developed system has practical utility although it requires more improvement.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

Automatic analysis of cortical signals recorded with voltage-sensitive dyes using a forward-backward non-linear filtering technique and deconvolution.

A method for automatically analyzing cortical signals recorded with voltage-sensitive dyes and a photodiode array is described. First, a forward-backward non-linear filtering technique is used to eliminate the background noise and preserve the fast transients of the signals. Then the filtered signals are deconvoluted from their maximal values by using a gaussian function. The different components of the signals can be identified and characterized by their respective latencies, amplitudes, plateau durations, and slopes. These parameters can be used for subsequent statistical analysis. This automated method is much faster than a manual analysis because of the large number of responses that are optically recorded. Moreover, it can be easily applied to different experimental protocols and to other signals such as field potentials.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Present status and performance of PACS at Kyoto University Hospital.

A pilot PACS project, named KIDS, has been running in Kyoto University Hospital. The purpose of the system is to establish a small PACS that includes all digital imaging modalities and to evaluate it. The project has been continued from the first phase (KIDS-1) to the second phase (KIDS-2). In the first phase, a small-scale PACS was developed. In the second phase, the expansion of coverage of modalities and completion of the image database was intended. At present, the database contains image data of 16264 patients amounting to 150 Gbytes. Simulation of the retrieval process to the database shows that 154.3 s per patient is required for retrieving his/her entire image data. This calculated value is close to the actual time.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed radiography and image workstation from the radiologist's point of view.

A computed radiography system (Digiscan, Siemens) connected to an image workstation (Siemens) has been used for 1 1/2 years in our department. The image quality is good and it has been possible to reduce radiation dose by about 30% without any appreciable loss of image quality. The image workstation has been used in cases where image postprocessing is considered to be useful. For routine reporting of X-ray images the workstation is too slow although the image quality is comparable to that of the computed radiography film.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1992

Oral diagnostic reporting and synchronized image filing using magneto-optical disks.

An experimental radiologic reporting system has been developed and tested. The rewritable and compact magneto-optical disk (MOD) is applied to storing medical images with oral diagnostic reports of these radiologic images. The disk is 5.25 inches in diameter, has 600 MB memory capacity, is erasable, light and compact. Advantages are simultaneous recording of radiologic images and their oral reports by radiologists, and application to circulation of media inside the hospital as well as to filing of medical images. The MOD has a multimedia function of communication and filing. When medical images are taken and stored, oral interpretation by radiologists can be simultaneously added. Physicians can get information of the images and their reports by oral speech at the same time in front of computer workstation. Furthermore, integration of a voice recognition capability is now being undertaken.

Image Processing, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1994

IS & C system and file protection mechanism.

This paper reports a new extension of IS & C (Image Save And Carry) project. Because IS & C is an off-line system and requires full compatibility so as to enable medical data interchange with ease among hospitals and clinics, specifications that are indispensable for compatibility have been standardized by the IS & C committee. The IS & C system is supposed to be used in medicine, so the file protection mechanism for the security of the recorded files has been also developed. The characteristics of IS & C volume and file structure and the second national project being carried out in National Cancer Center Hospital are briefly explained as well.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

IS & C implementation of an image workstation.

The Image Save & Carry (IS & C) 5-inch magneto-optical disk system was introduced to a PACS image workstation so as to exchange digital image data between two independent PACS modules. The results showed that it was possible to connect two different PACS modules by off-line data transmission. Also, the IS & C standard software proved to be of high speed read/write performance for several data files on an image workstation. However, when the IS & C is implemented to the high resolution real-time digital radiography system, an image compression standard will be required to expand its capacity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Development and evaluation of oral reporting system for PACS.

Experimental workstations for oral reporting and synchronized image filing have been developed and evaluated by radiologists and referring physicians. The file media is a 5.25-inch rewritable magneto-optical disk of 600-Mb capacity whose file format is in accordance with the IS&C specification. The results of evaluation tell that this system is superior to other existing methods of the same kind such as transcribing, dictating, handwriting, typewriting and key selections. The most significant advantage of the system is that images and their interpretation are never separated. The first practical application to the teaching file and the teaching conference is contemplated in the Osaka University Hospital. This system is a complete digital system in terms of images, voices and demographic data, so that on-line transmission, off-line communication or filing to any database will be easily realized in a PACS environment. We are developing an integrated system of a speech recognizer connected to this digitized oral system.

Education, Medical↗