The current family planning debate in Soviet Central Asia.
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Kenya's top Roman Catholic church official burned condoms and safe sex literature in a ceremony organized by a group opposed to contraception and sex education. About 250 people watched as Cardinal Maurice Otunga and two gynecologists prayed and sang before setting fire to several boxes of condoms and 100 copies of pamphlets promoting safe sex. The pamphlets encouraged condom use to fight the spread of HIV. The World Health Organization has estimated that 1 million of Kenya's 26 million people are infected with HIV or AIDS.
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This study reports the main reasons given for non-use of contraception by non-pregnant women aged 15-44 years, who are at risk of unplanned pregnancy and living in the Ilorin Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Six hundred and forty-six women were derived from a stratified cluster sample and interviewed using a questionnaire. Almost one-third (31.4%) of respondents gave male opposition to family planning as the reason for current non-use. Another 13.3% expressed fear of methods, 6.3% did not want to use contraception until the first child was born, and 13.6% until the desired number of children were born. Sociodemographic variables including age, educational level, religion, and residence as reasons for non-use were reported. Other important findings included a high awareness of, low availability of, or poor accessibility to contraceptive methods. Short and long term intervention strategies using information, education and communication materials are proposed to combat low levels of contraceptive use in this area.
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The President of Pakistan, Mr. Bhutto, made the statement during a recent press interview that his government will expand activities in the field of family planning and population control. According to President Bhutto there is no formal opposition to family planning in the teachings of the Moslem religion or in the Koran. The economic state of the country and the rapid growth of population make control measures a necessity.
Family planning programmes in Tanzania date back to the 1950s. By the early 1990s, however, only 5-10% of women of childbearing age used contraceptives in the country. Low contraceptive prevalence in Tanzania is reportedly attributable to men's opposition to family planning. This paper employs focus groups to explore the role of Tanzanian men in family planning. More specifically, it presents a rural-urban comparison of the attitudes of men in Mbeya region, Tanzania, to family size preference, sex composition, partners' communication on family planning matters and contraceptive behavior. Findings indicate that men express positive attitudes towards fertility-regulating methods. There is, moreover, little rural-urban variation in male attitudes towards family planning in the study area. Possible reasons for this normative convergence (including structural similarities and rural-urban migration between the two communities) are discussed.