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Results for “Opisthorchiasis”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Enzyme immunoassay in diagnosis of opisthorchiasis. Communication 2. Enzyme immunoassay test system for diagnosis of acute opisthorchiasis].

A standard, highly specific and sensitive enzyme immunoassay test system has been developed for the diagnosis of acute opisthorchiasis, which is based on indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for determination IgM antibodies to the antigen derived from Opisthorchis felineus marita extracts. The sensitivity of the test system is 87%, its specificity is 96.8%.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of various factors on the immune status of patients with chronic opisthorchiasis. 2. Changes in immunologic indices in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis undergoing chloxyl treatment for various lengths of time].

Most immunological characteristics became practically normal 7-9 months after a single chloxyl treatment course in patients with chronic cholecystocholangitic opisthorchiasis. The patients who required repeated chemotherapy showed more profound and steady immune disturbances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Assessment of the relationship of chronic opisthorchiasis to Epstein-Barr virus infection as well as some cytogenetical and immunological parameters in two comparable Siberian regions.

Previous studies have shown an increase in the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in the peripheral blood lymphocytes from opisthorchiasis patients. Some evidence suggests that there is an association between chronic opisthorchiasis and certain herpes viruses. To study the relationship of opisthorchiasis to the reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection as well as the influence of opisthorchis infection on some cytogenetical and immunological parameters, we used the indirect immunofluorescence for measuring some virus specific antibodies, the cytokinesis-block lymphocyte micronucleus assay, and the quantitative immunodiffusion method for measuring immunoglobulin concentrations in serum. A total of 1,580 people were monitored in two comparable Siberian regions: in the Ob River region which is endemically related to opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchisfelineus and in the nonendemic control Yenisey River region. There was no significant difference in each of the tested parameters between two uninfected controls from the endemic Ob and nonendemic Yenisey regions. We have found significant difference (p < 0.01) in the frequency of micronucleated cytokinesis-block lymphocytes and the antibody levels against certain EBV antigens between the examined inhabitants of the opisthorchis-infected Ob and uninfected Yenisey regions. Furthermore, there were a good correlation (r = + 0.72) between the increase in titres of antibody to the EBV capsid antigen and the high frequency of micronucleated lymphocytes in the opisthorchis-infected Ob population. Also, levels of both IgG and IgM were increased in opisthorchiasis patients. This study confirms an association between chronic opisthrochiasis and reactivation of EBV which may be implicated in the development of cancer in opisthorchiasis patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tumour markers in the detection of opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma.

Opisthorchiasis is a major public health problem in north-east Thailand, where over 7 million inhabitants are reported to be infected. A significant percentage of infected individuals develops cholangiocarcinoma terminally, which is rapidly fatal. To determine whether certain tumour markers are elevated in Thai patients with cholangiocarcinoma, and thus might be useful in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma associated with opisthorchiasis in Thailand, the tumour markers CA125 and CA19-9 were measured by radioimmunoassay in 94 serum samples. The subjects consisted of 52 patients admitted for non-gastroenterological diseases, 7 patients with histologically proven cholangiocarcinoma, 7 patients with clinically suspected cholangiocarcinoma, and 28 patients with uncomplicated opisthorchiasis. The mean levels (+/- standard deviation [SD]) of CA19-9 and CA125 in the controls were 12.5 +/- 10.2 and 24.7 +/- 11.1 units/ml respectively. Using the mean + 3SD as the cut-off level, 57.1% of patients with confirmed cholangiocarcinoma had elevated CA19-9 and 28.6% had elevated CA125. In patients with clinically suspected cholangiocarcinoma, 71.4% had elevated CA19-9 and 28.6% had elevated CA125. Among opisthorchiasis patients, 3.6% had elevated CA125 and none had elevated CA19-9. 1.9% of controls had elevated CA19-9 and none had elevated CA125. When positivity of either CA125 or CA19-9 was used as an indicator of malignancy, the sensitivity and specificity of the combined tests reached 85.7% and 98.1% respectively. These preliminary results suggest that the measurement of CA125 and CA19-9 may be useful in the early detection of opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1992

[Experimental models of combined tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis pathology].

An experimental model of the combined course of tuberculosis and opisthorchiasis is presented in the following variants: pulmonary tuberculosis-chronic opisthorchiasis, acute and chronic opisthorchiasis in combination with tuberculosis contamination, BCG and opisthorchiasis. Specific changes in the combined pathology are shown which differ from those that accompany each of the nosological forma. Data obtained in bacteriologic, parasitologic, immunologic and pathomorphologic studies were used to describe characteristic features of the models. The results obtained allow a suggestion that parasitocenosis of mycobacteria and Opisthorchis organisms has an influence on the pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, epidemiology and prevention of tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis combined pathology.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical analysis of autonomic nervous system disorders in patients with psoriasis concurrent with chronic opisthorchiasis].

The study was undertaken to detect the characteristics of autonomic nervous system disorders in patients with psoriasis concurrent with chronic opisthorchiasis and, on their basis, to develop therapeutic manipulations. Examinations were made in 150 patients with psoriasis concurrent with chronic opisthorchiasis, 100 psoriatic patients without helminthiasis, 100 patients with chronic opisthorchiasis, and 30 healthy individuals. The questionnaire method developed and recommended for use by the All-Union Center of Autonomic Nervous System Diseases was employed for the screening diagnosis of vegetative dystonia syndrome and for the estimation of its severity. The vegetative dystonia syndrome was observed in all patients with psoriasis concurrent with chronic opisthorchiasis. There was an association of the vegetative dystonia syndrome with the area of skin involvement, the severity of psoriasis, the duration of the latter and opisthorchiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Epidemiology of opisthorchiasis and national control program in Thailand.

Opisthorchiasis is a disease caused by opisthorchis trematode commonly known as liver fluke. In Thailand Opisthorchis viverrini is the only parasite of opisthorchiasis, the first case of opisthorchiasis was reported in 1911 by Leiper from the autopsy of corpse in Chiang Mai. Later on Sadun in 1953, Harinasuta and Vajjarasthira in 1961, and Wykoff in 1965 had demonstrated a complete life cycle of O. viverrini. History of opisthorchiasis control has dated back to 1950 as a small scale helminthiosis control program in some high risk areas. Following a number of studies and trial projects of the Faculty of Tropical Medicine of Mahidol University, the national liver fluke control program has been developed and operated under different National Public Health Development Plans. Presently, the program is being operated in some central provinces, and all northeastern and northern provinces of Thailand. The main strategies for liver fluke control are comprised of 3 interrelated approaches, namely stool examination and treatment of positive cases with praziquantel for eliminating human host reservoir; health education for a promotion of cooked fish consumption for preventing infection; and the improvement of hygienic defecation for transmission interruption. Data obtained from liver fluke control operation in 1996 show the countrywide prevalence of opisthorchiasis at 21.5% with a variation in all age groups. Differences of infection are also found among geographical regions. A large percentage of infection is mild infection. Comparing figures of 1981 and 1991, there is a considerable increase in the central and northern regions, while the northeastern region has significant decrease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathogenesis of chronic and residual opisthorchiasis].

This study has indicated that long-term preservation of complaints in patients with prior chronic opisthorchiasis may be due not only to morphological changes in the organ, but by the persistence of functional Opisthorchias antigens, which determines preserved sensitization that plays a leading role in the pathogenesis of chronic opisthorchiasis. Two types of outcomes may be identified in the patients who have been free from invasion and continue to complain in the chronic phase. One type is characterized by a long-term antigenemy in addition to preserved complaints. This outcome is more logically considered to be residual opisthorchiasis. The other including preserved complaints and none antigenemy may be regarded as sequels of prior opisthorchiasis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cytogenetic defects in lymphocytes of patients with chronic opisthorchiasis concurrent with Epstein-Barr virus persistence].

Sixty three patients with chronic opisthorchiasis were cytogenetically, serologically, and biochemically studied. Most patients with opisthorchiasis were found to have higher or high titers of antibodies to Epstein-Barr viral antigens. There was a direct correlation between the titers of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen and the count of cytogenetically damaged cells. The majority of opisthorchiasis patients with superinvasion, hepatic, pancreatic, and oropharyngeal diseases showed a great increase in the titers of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus antigens and a high persistence and in the cytogenetically damaged lymphocytes. Opisthorchiasis patients with high antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigens showed a considerable decrease in the parameters of the peripheral antioxidative system.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The interleukin-1 content of the blood in patients with a pseudotuberculosis infection and opisthorchiasis].

Interleukin-1 levels were measured according to S. B. Mizel in 25 patients with pseudotuberculosis and concomitant chronic opisthorchiasis and in 25 ones with pseudotuberculosis alone over the course of the disease and in 3 months after it. The controls were patients with chronic opisthorchiasis and normal subjects. Hyperproduction of interleukin-1 by peripheral blood monocytes was found in chronic opisthorchiasis patients and in pseudotuberculosis patients with concomitant opisthorchiasis over the entire follow-up period. In patients with pseudotuberculosis alone interleukin-1 production was found elevated only at the peak of the disease and during early convalescence, that was followed by a stable normalization of this characteristic.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Colonic involvement in chronic opisthorchiasis].

OBJECTIVE: To provide clinical, functional, and morphological characteristics of colonic involvement in chronic opisthorchiasis and to evaluate the efficiency of dehelmintization. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 96 patients with chronic non-ulcerative colitis, including 56 patients who had chronic opisthorchiasis (Group 1) and 40 patients who had no parasitic diseases (Group 2). The biocenosis of the large bowel, the motor function and morphological status of its distal and proximal parts were evaluated in all the patients. Biopsy specimens were histologically studied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: There was an association of impaired colonic motor activity and morphological colonic mucosal changes with the intensity and duration of Opisthorchis invasion. A marked eosinophilic infiltration of the colonic mucosa was noted in all morphological types of chronic non-ulcerative colitis in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis. Effective dehelmintization caused positive functional and morphological changes in the large bowel. All the above facts support the likelihood of parasitic colitis in chronic opisthorchiasis and the expediency of dehelmintization.

Adult↗