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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Ophthalmological effects of high altitude.

High altitude has various effects on human beings. Altitude-related illnesses are a frequent cause of morbidity and occasional mortality in travelers to high altitudes throughout the world. The mountaineers all around the world are familiar with this condition, which is called acute mountain sickness (AMS). The primary altitude illnesses are AMS, high-altitude pulmonary edema and high-altitude cerebral edema. Altitude has potential undesired ophthalmological effects. The pathogenesis of these syndromes remains unclear despite considerable research in this field. Most of these problems are primarily preventable with an adequate level of information before and during travel. Further studies are needed to reveal the exact relationship between high altitude and ophthalmological findings. In this article, ophthalmological effects of high altitude, likely to be encountered by mountaineers as well as other enthusiasts of high altitude sports are reviewed. Emphasis on aviation and aerospace medicine is briefly given under related SUB_TITLEs.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed2002

Cross-sectional study of the ophthalmological effects of carbon disulfide in Chinese viscose workers.

This article presents cross-sectional investigation results of ophthalmological effects for the occupational exposure to carbon disulfide of workers at a large viscose fibre factory in the middle part of China. The total of 271 exposed subjects (191 males, 80 females) and 133 workers (93 males, 40 females) not exposed to any toxic agent in the working environment underwent ophthalmological examination. The self-administered questionnaire collected data on the medical history and ophthalmological complaints during the past three months. The ophthalmologic examination included routine examination for retinal capillary anomalies and and color vision with the FM 100-Hue test method. Nearly all subjects did not use respirators, smocks or aprons, gloves or other personal protective devices during work time. The average personal CS2 exposure level in the present study was 13.7-20.05 mg/m3. The FM 100-Hue test results showed that the total error scores of the exposed group, whether male or female, were higher than that of the control, the discrimination of the green and blue zones was also impaired significantly. A fundus examination showed no retinal capillary anomalies or other serious ophthalmological symptoms that may be related to effects of CS2. In conclusion, color vision was disturbed in workers exposed to CS2, at levels below the present threshold value. Reduced color discrimination may be attributed to long-term carbon disulfide exposure and suggests that health surveillance of workers exposed to carbon disulfide should include the FM 100-Hue Test as a sensitive and easy method.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ophthalmologic effects of psychotropic medications.

This article reviews the effects of psychotropic medications on the eye. Although some of these effects have been known for years, they have been largely ignored by psychiatrists. The ophthalmologic effects of antidepressants, neuroleptics, benzodiazepines, carbamazepine, and lithium in therapeutic doses and overdose are reviewed and their implications discussed. Recommendations are made for appropriate monitoring, treatment, and ophthalmologic referral of patients on these medications.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiological study of the systemic ophthalmological effects of carbon disulfide.

A total of 123 male viscose rayon workers who were exposed to carbon disulfide, and an additional 67 workers who were not exposed to any toxic agent in the working environment, underwent a thorough ophthalmological examination. The relationship between exposure and ophthalmological results was analyzed with univariate and multivariate methods. The most striking findings were strong associations between exposure and the 100-HUE color vision score and excess of microaneurysms in the exposed group. The current threshold limit value appeared to protect against these effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Ophthalmologic effects of bowel disease.

Ocular findings in diseases affecting primarily the digestive tract are relatively rare; however, it is important for the physician to recognize these relationships, appropriately uncover symptoms related to the eye disease, and have the patient evaluated by an ophthalmologist if indicated. In addition, ocular inflammation may be the first indication of bowel disease (e.g., uveitis in Crohn's disease). This article describes the associations between ocular diseases and gastrointestinal diseases and their causes, signs, symptoms, prognosis, and treatment.

Digestive System Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The French Egyptian campaign and its effects on ophthalmology.

Almost all soldiers of the armies involved in the Egyptian campaign fell victim to what was later called the ophthalmia militaris which we now know to be caused by Haemophilus aegyptius, N. gonorrhoea and possibly to some extent by Chlamydia trachomatis but more likely by the adenoviruses. Because of the enormous incidence of ocular infection and the controversy generated by speculation on the nature of the disease--English surgeons considered this ophthalmia to be of a contagious nature, whereas the French surgeons violently opposed this view-, the interest in diseases of the eye increased, which eventually resulted in the acceptance of ophthalmology as a separate branch of medicine.

Egypt↗
PubMed1994

The sight test fee: effect on ophthalmology referrals and rate of glaucoma detection.

OBJECTIVE: To assess changes, if any, in the numbers of referrals and outcome of glaucoma referrals to the hospital eye service since the introduction of the sight test fee on 1 April 1989. DESIGN: Review of referral records and clinical notes. SETTING: Referrals to the Bristol Eye Hospital. SUBJECTS: 51,919 patients referred to the Bristol Eye Hospital between 1984 and 1992. 9438 case notes of patients referred between 1987 and 1991 were examined in detail. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Numbers of referrals; rate of adult true positive glaucoma referrals. RESULTS: Referrals to the Bristol Eye Hospital were between 13.7% and 19.0% fewer than expected after the introduction of the sight test fee. True positive glaucoma referrals were reduced by the same proportion. CONCLUSIONS: The numbers of patients being identified as requiring treatment or follow up for potentially blinding glaucoma have declined by nearly one fifth since the introduction of the sight test fee. An increased prevalence of preventable blindness may result.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

AIDS and its effect on ophthalmology.

1. Ocular manifestations of AIDS are, for the most part, due to the opportunistic infections and neoplasias seen in the syndrome. 2. Ocular manifestations seen in AIDS patients include cytomegalovirus, Toxoplasma gondii, Candida sp, Cryptococcus sp, herpes simplex or zoste, Mycobacterium sp, and ocular syphilis. 3. Handwashing and disinfection of instruments are recommended to prevent transmission of infection in the ophthalmic practice.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗