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Health activities of the U.S. Office of Technology Assessment.

The Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) was formed as part of the US Congress of 1972. The 'Health Program' was established in 1975. The purpose of the OTA is to advise Congress on the positive and negative implications of technological change. Since its beginning, the Health Program has spent most of its effort in describing technology assessment in health care and federal policies toward such assessment. A number of specific medical technologies have also been evaluated. Reports on health-care topics by the OTA have had some specific effects in Congress, but the more important impact is probably on the broader climate of opinion concerning medical technology and its benefits, risks, and costs. Technology assessment has become an established part of the Congressional decision-making process and is being used increasingly in countries other than the United States.

Government Agencies↗

Program planning in the Office of Technology Assessment's Health Program.

This paper describes the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment's Health Program and the role that its process of program planning has played in the selection of studies and the allocation of Program resources. It discusses the primary areas in which studies have been conducted--assessment methods, specific technologies, environmental health, information technologies, and financing/structural aspects of health care--and examines the changes in relative emphasis placed on the areas over time and the factors that lead to changed emphasis. Internal factors--e.g., judgments of whether a topic is of national importance, fiscal and staff resources available, and whether the issue is appropriate for OTA--and thus program planning have played their strongest role in the areas of assessment methods and of specific technologies. Activities in the financing/structural areas and some types of studies in the environmental health areas are being driven more by external factors--e.g., expressed needs of Congress, availability of data, and developments in science and technology.

Government Agencies↗