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Results for “OCULOMOTOR MUSCLES”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[New views on aberrant innervation of oculomotor muscles ].

Aberrant innervations of oculomotor muscles are a special group of clinical entities, the common sign of which is an abnormal innervation of the oculomotor muscles with nerve fibres which originally were not meant for this purpose. The majority of these anomalies develops during the embryonic period of lesions at the level of nuclei of cranial nerves or peripheral fibres. Congenital aberrations affect most frequently n. VI, less frequently n. III and rarely n. IV. Acquired affections are most frequent in n. III. Abnormal innervation connections concern not only oculomotor muscles but also muscles engaged in mastication and those of the upper eyelid. Clinically they are manifested as eyelid and facial synkinesias. Among aberrant innervations which lack an uniform terminology belong according to the more recent classification the following clinical units: Duan's syndrome, synergic divergence, double-elevator palsy, misdirection syndrome, Marcus Gunn phenomenon, some forms of congenital fibrous syndrome, trigemino-abducens synkinesia, pseudohyperfunction of the lower oblique muscle, crocodile tears syndrome, and aberrant affection of n. III. The authors describe the course, possible etiology of these anomalies and demonstrate, based on their own observations, clinical cases which can be explained by these mechanisms.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1996

[Effects of external orbital radiotherapy on the oculomotor muscle in Graves disease].

PURPOSE: Orbital radiotherapy is recognised to be effective in the treatment of acute Graves' disease. The effect on the oculomotor muscles is still controversial. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To assess this effect, we conducted a prospective study on 15 patients with acute Graves' ophthalmopathy. Patients were investigated before radiotherapy, 3 months later and at long term (mean = 2 years). To study the extent of the ophthalmopathy we chose the following criteria: class IV in the NOSPECS classification system, amplitude of gaze, measurement of the thickness of oculomotor muscles (CT-scan). RESULTS: Improvement of the amplitude of gaze and reduction of the thickness of oculomotor muscles were not statistically significant. The oculomotor disorder was unchanged 3 months after radiotherapy. After a long term follow up (mean: 2 years), only 5 patients, among those who complained of diplopia before radiotherapy, had to be operated, especially large deviations. CONCLUSION: Orbital radiotherapy does not appear as a direct treatment for oculomotor disorder in active thyroid related ophthalmopathy, however favorable indirect effects may be effective due to reduction of inflammation. As it is a harmless treatment, orbital radiotherapy may be proposed as primary treatment in active thyroid related ophthalmopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Hang-back retroposition as a variation in oculomotor muscle weakness].

In a clinical study the authors evaluate efficiency of the operation on oculomotoric muscles by the hang-back retroposition method. A total of 70 children have been operated on, 52 of the patients suffering from esotropia and 18 from exotropia. The mean preoperation deviation in esotropia was 30 +/- 12 pdpt, the postoperation deviation was in the range of 6 +/- 7 pdpt. In the exotropia cases the preoperation deviation improved from original 76.9%, in the exotropia group being 77.8%. The overall success rate of the hang-back retroposition in all these patients was 77.1%. Ina group of children operated on by a traditional retroposition there was an overall success rate 78.7% (77.6% in esotropia and 82.4% in exotropia cases). Hang-back retroposition has been equally effective as the traditional retroposition of oculomotoric muscles. Its main advantages include visibility of the operation field, minimum risk of perforation of sclera and a fair time factor of the intervention. The authors discuss the development, indications, further advantages but also possible disadvantages or limitations of this acknowledged surgical procedure in strabology.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

[The use of an optical polarization method for the evaluation of oculomotor muscle function in vertical deviation].

The state of oculomotor muscles in vertical deviation has been studied by means of polarioptic method. A control group included 62 healthy persons, of them 24 (48 eyes) with orthophoria, 19 (38 eyes) with esophoria and 19 (38 eyes) with exophoria. A group of patients with vertical deviation included 39 (78 eyes) with concomitant convergent squint with a vertical component and 9 children (18 eyes) with concomitant vertical squint without a horizontal component. In patients with vertical squint, the polarioptic method revealed high frequency of functional muscular imbalance and anatomic asymmetry of muscles of both horizontal and vertical action. It is shown that in case of convergent squint with a vertical action, not only the frequency is higher, but to a much greater degree increases the value of anatomic asymmetry in the position of horizontal muscles.

Adolescent↗