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Results for “OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

The recognition and control of occupational disease.

Occupational diseases account each year in the United States for an estimated 50,000 to 70,000 deaths and 350,000 new cases of illness. Often, however, occupational diseases are not correctly diagnosed, because they mimic diseases due to other causes and because most physicians are not well trained in their recognition. Opportunities for prevention and treatment are therefore lost. The occupational history is the most effective means for proper diagnosis of occupational illness. It should routinely be obtained for every patient. A brief but systematic guide for obtaining an occupational history is presented in this report. Also, approaches are summarized for the recognition and diagnosis of such important occupational diseases as occupational cancer, asbestosis and other respiratory disorders, and occupational neuropsychologic disorders. The management and prevention of occupational diseases depend on reduction of hazardous exposures in the workplace and better education of workers, industrial managers, and physicians. This report outlines a program for the control of occupational disease based on (1) preventing exposures in the workplace, (2) premarket toxicity testing of new chemicals and technologies, and (3) astute clinical diagnosis.

Asthma↗
PubMed1991

Differential treatment of occupational disease v occupational injury by workers' compensation in Washington State.

Washington State's workers' compensation claims filed in 1984 and followed through 1988 contained 11,356 claims for occupational disease and 178,927 claims for occupational injury. There was a higher rate of rejection (18% v 4%) and resource utilization (14% v 5%) for occupational disease when compared to occupational injury. The factors most predictive of rejection included the specific disease category and the provider frequency of filing. Development of diagnostic guidelines would aid health providers in identifying and properly characterizing occupational diseases.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2000

[Experience of Astrakhan Center for Occupational Diseases].

Occupational health service in Astrakhan was founded in 1920-s with studies of local pathology traced to microtraumatism and hands dermatitis on food industry enterprises, excessive ultraviolet insolation in agricultural workers. Afterwards special attention was focused on respiratory diseases, influence of climate factors, toxic chemicals and allergens, physical strain on humans. Occupational health service improvement was promoted with creation of Regional Center for Occupational Diseases in 1974. The main result of the Center activities is that advanced forms of first diagnosed occupational diseases are nearly absent in recent years.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Is lumbar disk disease an occupational disease? Scientific background, radiological findings, and medical legal interpretations].

AIM: It should be cleared whether or not the interpretation of lumbar disk disease as an occupational disease is justifiable. Which disc changes follow whole-body vibration and can they be distinguished from those which occur constitutionally while aging? METHOD: Orthopedic meta-analysis of epidemiological and occupational studies concerning the influence of whole- body vibration. RESULTS: Reliable studies are rare. Severe methodological problems limit the interpretation of difficult relationships. The role of age when working influences begin as well as the stress and behaviour of exposed persons away from the work-place before and while working with whole-body vibration is not known. There is no study which could be called exact according orthopedic criteria. It is therefore not evident that whole-body vibration causes lumbar disc disease. CONCLUSIONS: After whole-body vibration similar to long term heavy lifting an earlier beginning of disk degeneration in X-ray-studies can be observed. This leads to prevalence differences, which diminish with increasing age. Deviation to the left of the prevalence curve lasts for five to ten years. Whole-body vibration leads to a topographic modification of disk degeneration of the lumbar spine. After long duration exposition an increased amount of spondylotic changes at the thoracolumbar junction and the middle half of lumbar spine can be observed (up to the upper plate of the fourth vertebral body). This can be explained by biomechanic means: whole-body vibration caused by tractor driving and similar long-term exposures leads to traction of the disks of the lower thoracic spine and the upper and middle parts of lumbar spine.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗