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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Polymicrobial sepsis among intensive care nursery infants.

To determine the incidence, characteristics, and course of polymicrobial sepsis among infants in intensive care nurseries, we reviewed all such episodes in our neonatal unit from September 1971 through June 1986. We identified 15 episodes (3.9% of all cases of culture-proven sepsis during the survey period) in which blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture yielded multiple organisms felt to represent true pathogens. Mortality associated with late-onset polymicrobial sepsis (7 of 10; 70%) was significantly higher (P less than .001) than in late-onset monomicrobial sepsis (86 of 370; 23%). Six patients were 37 weeks' gestation or greater at birth, and five were younger than 4 days of age when the polymicrobial culture was obtained. Group D streptococci were recovered in eight cases (53%). Gastrointestinal foci appeared to be common among infants with late-onset polymicrobial infection (5 of 10), while prolonged rupture of membranes was frequently associated with early-onset infection (4 of 5). Though recovery of multiple organisms from blood or CSF may not always be significant, one should not immediately assume contamination. A report of more than one organism growing from a normally sterile body fluid in an intensive care nursery infant should be considered significant, and therapy should be adjusted to provide appropriate antimicrobial agents for all reported organisms if the infant has not substantially improved in the interval since the culture was actually obtained.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2025

Molecular-based evidence for school transmission of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli among apparently healthy children attending nursery, infant, and primary schools in Madrid (Spain).

UNLABELLED: Information on the epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and public health impact of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) infection in schoolchildren from high-income countries is scarce. This study investigated the occurrence of EAEC infections in apparently healthy children (0-12 years) attending nursery, infant, and primary schools in Spain. High-resolution whole-genome sequencing typing was used to detect and trace back unnoticed episodes of transmission within school settings. An overall EAEC prevalence of 5.1% was observed, with children in the 0-3 age group showing the highest prevalence (24.2%). Besides their gastrointestinal potential, 17% of EAEC isolates revealed an additional urinary/systemic pathogenic potential. Presumptive outbreaks of EAEC infection were identified in two different nursery schools involving the endemic subtypes O126:H27-ST200 (15 children) and O111:H21-ST40 (12 children). Most affected children shared caregivers and common areas including activity, eating, sleeping, and diapering/toileting rooms. Direct person-to-person transmission was highly suspected, although foodborne transmission could not be completely ruled out. Six independent micro-foci of EAEC infections were additionally identified in five different infant and primary schools also involving O126:H27-ST200 (two children) and O111:H21-ST40 (three children), as well as O3:H2-ST10 (three children), O44:H18-ST1380 (two children and two siblings), and ONT:H33-ST34 (four children). No clear information was available on the sources of infection and transmission routes in these settings. CONCLUSION: Apparently healthy Spanish schoolchildren may be carriers and potential spreaders of certain EAEC subtypes with gastrointestinal/extra-intestinal pathogenic potential. While transmission within school settings appears to be the most likely explanation for the EAEC genomic clusters identified, particularly among toddlers, extra-school infections through alternative pathways cannot be entirely ruled out. WHAT IS KNOWN: • EAEC is increasingly considered as an important agent of domestically acquired paediatric diarrhoea in high-income countries. • Endemic EAEC subtypes differ between low- and high-income countries. WHAT IS NEW: • Apparently healthy children in high-income countries may be carriers and potential spreaders of certain EAEC subtypes with gastrointestinal/extra-intestinal pathogenic potential. • Transmission of endemic EAEC subtypes can occur within school settings, particularly during early childhood, without precluding other transmission modes.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of auditory brainstem responses and pneumograms in intensive care nursery infants.

Central slowing of auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and excessive breathing irregularity on pneumogram recordings indicate dysfunction in central auditory pathways and brainstem respiratory control mechanisms, respectively. These centers are anatomically proximate within the brainstem so that ABR slowing and respiratory instability might be expected to occur concomitantly, reflecting overall dysfunction of this part of the central nervous system. To examine the relationship between these two assessments, testing results were compared for 15 infants in the intensive care nursery who had ABRs and 12-hour pneumograms performed at about the same age for separate clinical indications. Wave V latency at 70 dB was found to correlate significantly with three pneumogram measurements of breathing irregularity: the density of short apneas during sleep (p less than 0.01), the number of episodes of periodic breathing per 100 minutes of sleep (p less than 0.05), and the percentage of sleep time spent in periodic breathing (p less than 0.05). Interwave interval I-V correlated significantly with the density of short apneas during sleep (p less than 0.01). The auditory brainstem response and the pneumogram appeared to serve as related indicators of brainstem function in these infants.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1998

[The measurement of radon in kindergarten and infant nursery buildings in East-North Poland].

The measurements of radon concentration in 58 buildings of day nursery schools and kindergartens were performed in the six province of the East North Poland. The measurements of indoor radon were performed by means of a charcoal canister (Pico-Rad). The concentration ranged from 4.5 to 320 Bq/m3 and have arthimetic average 24.5 Bq/m3, geometric average 15.7 Bq/m3, median 15 Bq/m3. The highest average values were observed in Suwałki Province and Olsztyn Province. The results of all these measurements do not exceeded the limit of the Polish law.

Child Day Care Centers↗
PubMed1985

Incidence of hearing loss in high risk and intensive care nursery infants.

The incidence of hearing impairment in high risk infants is summarized for five programs which use brainstem electric response audiometry (BERA) to detect hearing loss in this population. Programs are compared with respect to the following variables which may affect reported incidence figures: population characteristics, stimulus and recording parameters, criteria for failure on the initial BERA test, and follow-up protocols. Between 10-30% of these infants fail an initial BERA test, with initial failure rate largely dependent on the failure criteria used. Approximately 10% will continue to show some degree of hearing impairment on follow-up tests at 2-5 months of age. Between 2-4% will have a moderate to profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss requiring amplification and habilitation.

Acoustic Stimulation↗