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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

["If Berger had survived the second world war - he certainly would have been a candidate for the Nobel Prize". Hans Berger and the legend of the Nobel Prize].

The public opinion pays much attention to the Nobel Prize as an indicator for the scientific efficiency of a university or a country in connection with foundation of so-called elite universities. The former holder of the psychiatric chair in Jena and discoverer of the electroencephalogram Hans Berger (1873 - 1941) came into discussion as candidate for the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. The current medical-historical publications maintain the view that Berger should have received the Nobel Prize in 1936 as well as in 1949. This was prevented in 1936 by an enactment from Hitler, which forbid him to accept the prize, and later in 1949 by Berger's own death. According to documents of the Nobel archives these statements can be disproved. Berger was only nominated three times out of 65 nominations in 1940. Because of his death the other two recommendations in 1942 and 1947 were never evaluated.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed2004

[Are Nobel prize winners gettting older? Mathematical analysis of age and life span of the Nobel prize winners, 1901-2003].

Data on the distribution by the age of 647 Nobel prizewinner in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, economics and literature and time dynamics of the age during 1901-2003 are presented in the paper. The mean survival and the expected life span of the prizewinners was also calculated. The mean life span of the Nobelists in natural sciences steadily increases from the first to the fourth quartile of the 20th century. The rate of the prizewinners selected at the age of 61 and more years increases from the 23% at 1901-1925 to 53.1% at 1975-2003, whereas the rate of the winners selected before the age of 40 years decreases from 19% to 2.7% during the same period. Analysis of available data on the Nobel Prizes for chemistry or physiology or medicine has shown that the majority of the Prizes was awarded to researcher discovered his main results at the age of 31-40 (41.8% and 47.4%, correspondingly). The mean interval between a discovery and a selection for Nobel Prize in chemistry increases from 12.6 years in 1901-1925 to 23.7 years in 1975-2003, whereas corresponding parameters for prizewinners in physiology or medicine increases from to 16.9 to 20.1 years. The mean life span of deceased Nobelists is 77.8 years, varying from 76.0 years in chemists to 84.8 years in economists. The mean life span after the selection is 20.3 years (from 13.6 years in writers to 24.6 in physicists). The expected life span after the selection adjusted by the age and the year of the selection of the Nobelists in physics, chemistry, economics and literature in 1959-1999 failed to reveal any increase, whereas the life expectancy of the prizewinners in physiology or medicine is increased as compared with the male population of USA.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urology and the Nobel Prize.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, first awarded in 1901, was established by Alfred Nobel to acknowledge "those who during the preceding year had conferred the greatest benefit on mankind." Two urologists have achieved this daunting task: Werner Theodore Otto Forssmann (1956) and Charles Brenton Huggins (1966). This article reflects the lives and accomplishments of these men as an inspiration to those who have likewise dedicated themselves to the field of urology.

Autoexperimentation↗
PubMed2004

[A message for young child neurologists: a lesson from the Nobel Prize centennial].

The Nobel Prize was created in 1901, according to the will of Alfred Nobel who left tremendous estate by inventing of dynamite. In the fields of natural science, prizes are given to distinguished scientists in three categories, namely physics, chemistry, and physiology or medicine. During the past 100 years, the Nobel Prize have become undoubtedly the most prestigious international prize. Nobel laureates are always the most respected scientists in the world. There have been 478 recipients in the three categories, 177 of them belonging to physiology or medicine. In March 2002, an international forum commemorating the centennial of the Nobel Prize was held in Tokyo and Kyoto under the auspices of the Science Council of Japan, focusing upon creativity. Guest speakers including prize winners, officers of the Nobel Foundation, and members of the Nobel Committee participated actively. In particular, Japanese laureates, including Drs. Ezaki, Tonegawa, Shirakawa and Noyori met together at the Symposium, and discussed what is creativity and how it is nurtured? At about the same time the Centennial Exhibition of the Nobel Prize was held in the National Science Museum in Tokyo. From these two commemorative events, informative messages were extracted and given to young colleagues of the Japanese Society of Child Neurology.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Purine and sugar chemistry on solid phase--100 years after the Emil Fischer's Chemistry Nobel Prize 1902.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1902 was given to Hermann Emil Fischer "in recognition of the extraordinary services he had rendered by his work on sugar and purine synthesis". This truly great chemist of all time named a group of bicyclic nitrogenous structures as purines, discovered the synthesis of glucose, fructose and mannose starting from glycerol, and further created the basis for glucoside-, amino acid-, and enzyme chemistry. To honour his discoveries, and to celebrate the 100 year since his Nobel Prize, we decided to write a short review article on the latest discoveries in the fields of purine/pyrimidine and sugar chemistry being performed on solid support. The review summarizes most of the material being published in the field since 1960, and ends by giving a picture of future directions for the field of drug discovery based on sugar and purine chemistry.

Carbohydrates↗