Compilation of recent state laws (Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, West Virginia) related to AIDS.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “New Hampshire”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Increase in incidence rates of basal cell and squamous cell skin cancer in New Hampshire, USA. New Hampshire Skin Cancer Study Group.
We conducted a study to estimate the current incidence rates of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin in the population of New Hampshire (NH), USA, and to quantify recent changes in the incidence rates of these malignancies. BCCs and SCCs diagnosed among NH residents were identified through physician practices and central pathology laboratories in NH and bordering regions from June 1979 through May 1980 and from July 1993 through June 1994. For each diagnosis period, we estimated the age-adjusted incidence rates for both BCC and SCC among both men and women and for separate anatomic sites. Between 1979-1980 and 1993-1994, incidence rates of SCC increased by 235% in men and by 350% in women. Incidence rates of BCC increased by more than 80% in both men and women. While the absolute increase was greatest for tumors of the head and neck, the relative change was most pronounced for tumors on the trunk in men and on the lower limb in women. Thus, there has been a marked rise in the incidence rates of BCC and SCC skin cancers in NH in recent years. The anatomic pattern of increase in BCC and SCC incidence is consistent with an effect of greater sunlight exposure. Studies of BCC and SCC occurrence are needed to identify possible behavioral and environmental factors and to assess possible changes in diagnostic practices that might account for the rise in incidence of these common malignancies.
Adult↗
Timing of the Acadian Orogeny in Northern New Hampshire.
New U-Pb geochronology constrains the timing of the Acadian orogeny in the Central Maine Terrane of northern New Hampshire. Sixteen fractions of one to six grains each of zircon or monazite have been analyzed from six samples: (1) an early syntectonic diorite that records the onset of the Acadian; (2) a schist, a migmatite, and two granites that together record the peak of the Acadian; and (3) a postkinematic pluton that records the end of the Acadian. Zircon from the syntectonic Wamsutta Diorite gives a 207Pb/206Pb age of circa 408 Ma, the time at which the boundary between the deforming orogenic wedge and the foreland basin was in the vicinity of the Presidential Range. This age agrees well with the Emsian position of the northwest migrating Acadian orogenic front and records the beginning of the Acadian in this part of the Central Maine Terrane. We propose a possible Acadian tectonic model that incorporates the geochronologic, structural, and stratigraphic data. Monazite from the schist, migmatite, Bigelow Lawn Granite, and Slide Peak Granite gives 207Pb/206U ages, suggesting the peak of Acadian metamorphism and intrusion of two-mica granites occurred at circa 402-405 Ma, the main pulse of Acadian orogenesis. Previously reported monazite ages from schists that likely record the peak metamorphism in the Central Maine Terrane of New Hampshire and western Maine range from circa 406-384 Ma, with younger ages in southeastern New Hampshire and progressively older ages to the west, north, and northeast. Acadian orogenesis in the Presidential Range had ended by circa 355 Ma, the 207Pb/235U age of monazite from the Peabody River Granite. From 408 to perhaps at least 394 Ma, Acadian orogenesis in the Presidential Range was typical of the tectonic style, dominated by synkinematic metamorphism, seen in central and southern New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Connecticut. From no earlier than 394 Ma to as late as 355 Ma, the orogenesis was typical of the style in parts of Maine dominated by postkinematic metamorphism.
Journal Article↗
Rabies in New Hampshire and Vermont: an update.
New Hampshire and Vermont currently have two rabies epizootics occurring in raccoon and fox populations. These are continuations of the established raccoon strain which has been migrating northward from the mid-Atlantic and the fox strain which is migrating south and eastward from Canada and New York. These started in the early 1990s, and the wild animal cases have increased from 0 to 1 case per year in Vermont in the late 1980s to 179 in 1995, and from 0 to 4 cases in New Hampshire to 152 in 1995. Since 1992 there has been a slight increase in domestic animal cases, but no human cases have been reported. The cost of prophylaxis and animal testing has greatly increased, including one episode where 665 persons were exposed to a rabid kitten and underwent postexposure prophylaxis at an estimated cost of $1.5 million. This paper gives epidemiologic data for the two states and reviews the current literature to discuss history, clinical features, testing, postexposure prophylaxis, and treatment of rabies.
Animals↗
The lack of an adult seat belt law in New Hampshire: live free and die?
New Hampshire (NH) is the only state with no adult seat belt law. The lack of a restraint law may stem from a reluctance to infringe on individual freedoms. Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC) is located in NH, only 4 miles from the Vermont (VT) border. As a result, residents of both states are well represented in the Emergency Department (ED) population. This provided an opportunity to investigate the relationship between opinions, behaviors and the presence or absence of a restraint law. Adult DHMC ED patients were surveyed with respect to seat belt use in states with and without restraint laws, risk taking behaviors, and feelings of infringement on personal freedom. The results demonstrated no difference in restraint use between NH and VT residents while traveling in a state with a seat belt law. However, significantly fewer NH residents reported restraint use when traveling in a state without a seat belt law. These dissimilarities were not explained by differences in risk taking behaviors or by differences in feelings of infringement on freedom. This suggests that actual seat belt use reflects adherence to the law rather than concerns over personal freedom. This may inspire a reassessment of the acceptability of an adult restraint law in New Hampshire.
Adult↗
Injuries associated with use of snowmobiles--New Hampshire, 1989-1992.
Recreational use of snowmobiles is popular in New Hampshire during the winter months; from 1982 to 1992, the annual number of registered snowmobiles ranged from approximately 21,200 to 42,500. During this period, 26 deaths associated with use of snowmobiles in New Hampshire accounted for 822 years of potential life lost before age 65 years. To assist in the development and evaluation of injury-prevention programs for users of off-highway recreational vehicles (OHRVs) (e.g., all-terrain vehicles, trail bikes, and snowmobiles), the State of New Hampshire Department of Fish and Game (DFG) and the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services examined reports of injuries resulting from OHRV use in New Hampshire from January 1989 through February 1992. This report summarizes information about snowmobile-associated fatal and nonfatal injuries during this period.
Accident Prevention↗
Oral health survey of third grade students--New Hampshire, 2001.
Dental caries is one of the most common chronic disease of childhood. Despite improvements in oral health in the United States, by late adolescence approximately 80% of children have a history of caries. To establish a baseline for monitoring oral disease trends in New Hampshire, the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Education conducted a statewide assessment of the oral health status of third grade students attending public schools during the 2000-2001 academic year. This report summarizes the findings of the survey, which indicate that approximately one half of third grade students in New Hampshire have experienced dental decay. Increasing access to fluoridated water and dental sealants is needed to prevent childhood caries.
Child↗
Results of an OSHA ergonomic intervention program in New Hampshire.
A number of articles have been written about the value of OSHA inspections, and to a lesser extent, OSHA targeting. However, there have been few, if any, that quantify the effectiveness of an injury specific targeting program. This study examines the change in the incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in a group of employers following the implementation of an OSHA Local Emphasis Program (LEP) for ergonomics by an area office of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The OSHA program consisted of inspections initiated between 1992 and 1995 in New Hampshire at work sites with a history of CTS and tendinitis workers' compensation claims. Workers' compensation data for 14 employers were examined and the annual incidence for that group were compared with the experience of all other New Hampshire employers. New Hampshire employers who had one or more of their work sites experienced a decline in carpal tunnel syndrome greater than in other New Hampshire employers. The annual incidence of CTS of inspected employers fell from 38/10,000 in 1992 to 3.8/10,000 in 1997. New Hampshire employers not receiving an inspection focused on upper extremity cumulative trauma hazards fell from 6.6/10,000 to 3.4/10,000 during that same period. The LEP group of employers was responsible for 17 percent of all workers' compensation CTS cases in New Hampshire in 1992. By 1997 their contribution had dropped to less than 5 percent.
Adult↗
Eastern equine encephalitis--New Hampshire and Massachusetts, August-September 2005.
During August-September 2005, the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services reported seven cases of human eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) disease, the first laboratory-confirmed, locally acquired cases of human EEEV disease reported from New Hampshire in 41 years of national surveillance. Also during August--September 2005, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health reported four cases of human EEEV disease, five times the annual average of 0.8 cases reported from Massachusetts during the preceding 10 years. Four of the 11 patients from New Hampshire and Massachusetts died. EEEV is transmitted in marshes and swamps in an enzootic bird-mosquito-bird cycle primarily by the mosquito Culiseta melanura. Bridge mosquito vectors (e.g., Coquillettidia perturbans, Aedes vexans, or Aedes sollicitans) transmit EEEV to humans and other mammals. This report summarizes the investigations of cases in New Hampshire and Massachusetts conducted by the two state health departments and CDC. The findings underscore the importance of surveillance for, and diagnostic consideration of, arboviral encephalitis in the United States and promotion of preventive measures such as local mosquito control and use of insect repellent.
Adolescent↗
Elevated blood lead levels in refugee children--New Hampshire, 2003-2004.
As a result of reductions in lead hazards and improved screening practices, blood lead levels (BLLs) in children aged 1-5 years are decreasing in the United States. However, the risk for elevated BLLs (> or =10 microg/dL) remains high for certain populations, including refugees. After the death of a Sudanese refugee child from lead poisoning in New Hampshire in 2000, the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services (NHDHHS) developed lead testing guidelines to screen and monitor refugee children. These guidelines recommend 1) capillary blood lead testing for refugee children aged 6 months-15 years within 3 months after arrival in New Hampshire, 2) follow-up venous testing of children aged <6 years within 3-6 months after initial screening, and 3) notation of refugee status on laboratory slips for first tests. In 2004, routine laboratory telephone reports of elevated BLLs to the New Hampshire Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program (NHCLPPP) called attention to a pattern of elevated BLLs among refugee children. To develop prevention strategies, NHDHHS analyzed NHCLPPP and Manchester Health Department (MHD) data, focusing on the 37 African refugee children with elevated BLLs on follow-up for whom complete data were available. This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that 1) follow-up blood lead testing is useful to identify lead exposure that occurs after resettlement and 2) refugee children in New Hampshire older than those routinely tested might have elevated BLLs. Refugee children in all states should be tested for lead poisoning on arrival and several months after initial screening to assess exposure after resettlement.
Adolescent↗
Deaths among drivers of off-road vehicles after collisions with trail gates--New Hampshire, 1997-2002.
During April-July 2002, three deaths occurred on New Hampshire trails when adolescents driving off-highway recreational vehicles (OHRVs) collided with trail gates. Because of these three incidents, the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services conducted a study to determine the extent of the problem and characteristics of the fatal events. This report describes trail gate fatalities in New Hampshire during 1997-2002. To prevent trail gate collisions, efforts should focus on increased enforcement of OHRV operating rules, driver education, enhanced gate visibility, and improved signage.
Accidents↗
Methyl tert-butyl ether occurrence and related factors in public and private wells in southeast New Hampshire.
The occurrence of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in water from public wells in New Hampshire has increased steadily over the past several years. Using a laboratory reporting level of 0.2 microg/L, 40% of samples from public wells and 21% from private wells in southeast New Hampshire have measurable concentrations of MTBE. The rate of occurrence of MTBE varied significantly for public wells by establishmenttype; for example, 63% of public wells serving residential properties have MTBE concentrations above 0.2 microg/L, whereas lower rates were found for schools (21%). MTBE concentrations correlate strongly with urban factors, such as population density. Surprisingly, MTBE was correlated positively with well depth for public supply wells. Well depth is inversely related to yield in New Hampshire bedrock wells, which may mean that there is less opportunity for dilution of MTBE captured by deep wells. Another possibility is that the source(s) of water to low-yield wells may be dominated by leakage from potentially contaminated shallow groundwater through near-surface fractures or along the well casing. These wells may also have relatively large contributing areas (due to low recharge at the bedrock surface) and therefore have a greater chance of intersecting MTBE sources. This finding is significant because deep bedrock wells are often considered to be less vulnerable to contamination than shallow wells, and in southeast New Hampshire, wells are being drilled deeper in search of increased supply.
Carcinogens↗
Tobacco use among middle and high school students--New Hampshire, 1995-2001.
Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Because 80% of adult smokers began smoking as minors, efforts to prevent smoking initiation have focused on adolescents. To examine trends in smoking prevalence among adolescents, the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services analyzed data from the New Hampshire Youth Risk Behavior Survey (NHYRBS) and the New Hampshire Youth Tobacco Survey (NHYTS) during 1995-2001. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicate that smoking prevalence in New Hampshire has declined among both middle and high school students. When fully operational, New Hampshire's comprehensive tobacco-prevention and -control program should lead to further reductions in smoking among adolescents and begin to decrease smoking among adults.
Adolescent↗
Institutionalizing the option of dam removal: the New Hampshire initiative.
For two years, the State of New Hampshire has worked to institutionalize the option of dam removal. The high gradient streams that flow through the granite hills and mountains of this small northeastern state provided ideal conditions for dam construction, particularly during America's Industrial Revolution of the 1800s when mills were constructed throughout the area. With more than 4,800 dams in the state's database, there are many opportunities for the removal of dams that no longer serve a useful purpose, have become a public safety hazard and impact the river environment. Efforts to facilitate removal of dams in New Hampshire include the formation of a River Restoration Task Force and the creation of a dam removal program within the state agency responsible for regulating dams. This has led to the removal of two dams in the past year, with approximately ten additional projects in various stages of planning. A history of this agency-led initiative, as well as a discussion of the program's strengths, challenges and goals for the future are presented.
Conservation of Natural Resources↗
Epidemiology of wilderness search and rescue in New Hampshire, 1999-2001.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of wilderness search and rescue in a region with easily accessible, heavily used wilderness areas. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of New Hampshire Fish and Game Department wilderness search-and-rescue reports between January 1999 and December 2001. The study group consisted of all the subjects of the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department search and rescue in the state of New Hampshire during the study period. Demographics, types of incidents, type and location of injuries, environmental factors, fatalities, and use of medical services for all the subjects were analyzed. RESULTS: Three hundred twenty-one incidents involving 457 subjects were analyzed. The mean age of the subjects in the incidents was 35.6 years, with 64.5% men and 35.4% women; 73% of the subjects resided in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. At the time of the incident, 57.3% of the subjects were hiking. Injuries precipitated 39.3% of the rescues, whereas lost and missing persons accounted for 41.4%. Fractures accounted for 33.7% of the reported injuries; 49.7% of the injuries were to the lower extremities. Sixty-four of the subjects (14%) died; 32.8% drowned, and 23.4% died from cardiac events. Volunteers were used in 53.3% of the rescues, a rescuer was injured in 2.5% of the incidents, and at least 36.4% of the subjects were transported to a hospital. CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent demographic group requiring search-and-rescue efforts in New Hampshire was men aged 30 to 40 years who were hiking and who resided within a 4-hour drive of the area where they encountered difficulty. To decrease the number of people involved in most search and rescue, efforts should be focused on preventing wilderness users from getting lost and preventing lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries. Wilderness deaths may be prevented by focusing attention on cardiac health in wilderness users older than 50 years and on water safety.
Adolescent↗
Human rabies--New Hampshire, 1996.
On August 20, 1996, a 32-year-old resident of New Hampshire died in a Massachusetts hospital from an illness characterized by rapid neurologic deterioration. Rabies had been clinically suspected on the date of her transfer from a New Hampshire hospital (August 14) and was confirmed by CDC on August 17. This report summarizes the investigation of this case by the state health departments of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, which implicated a dog in Kathmandu, Nepal, as the probable source of exposure.
Adult↗
Variation in the management of pediatric splenic injuries in New Hampshire.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine if variation in the management of pediatric splenic injuries occurs among hospitals in New Hampshire. METHODS: Data accrued for each patient less than 18 years of age discharged from an acute care hospital in New Hampshire with a splenic injury diagnosis code or splenic procedure code were analyzed for the years 1991 through 1994. The splenectomy, splenorrhaphy, and nonoperative management rates of each hospital were analyzed and adjusted for case mix using direct standardization. Management rates were determined for patients with isolated splenic injuries, which were then adjusted for case mix. RESULTS: Variation in the management of pediatric splenic injuries was found to occur among hospitals in New Hampshire. Management variation persisted despite adjustment for case mix. Variation was also noted in the management of patients with isolated splenic injuries and persisted after case mix adjustment. CONCLUSION: Even after adjustment for case mix, if all children with splenic injuries in New Hampshire were treated in the same fashion as at the state's children's hospital, over 73% of splenectomies and 70% of splenorrhaphies performed for trauma may have been avoided.
Abdominal Injuries↗
The New Hampshire public health network: creating local public health infrastructure through community-driven partnerships.
In 1997, under the auspices of the Turning Point program, New Hampshire's public health stakeholders convened a strategic planning process to transform the state public health system. What emerged was a fundamental vision that the public health system could only be improved by strengthening the capacity of local communities to address local health issues. A plan was developed to create regional public health structures, in areas with no local health departments, to deliver essential public health services at the local level. Seven years later, that plan has become the New Hampshire Public Health Network. The network now covers 67% of the New Hampshire population and includes 113 (48%) cities and towns. Pre- and postevaluations to assess local public health infrastructure at the inception of the program and following 2 years of funding and technical assistance showed significant improvement in local public health capacity and performance. This article describes the development of local public health structures in New Hampshire where none had previously existed.
Community Health Planning↗