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Results for “NUCLEAR PHYSICS”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Technetium-99m: basic nuclear physics and chemical properties.

The nuclear physics and chemical properties of technetium-99m are reviewed. The review of basic nuclear physics includes: classification of nuclides, nuclear stability, production of radionuclides, artificial production of molybdenum-99, production of technetium 99m and -99Mo-99mTc generators. The discussion of the chemistry of technetium includes a profile of several -99mCc-labeled radiopharmaceuticals.

Aluminum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of nuclear physics methods in life sciences in the USSR.

Analytical nuclear physics methods, as well as radioanalytical, X-ray, and radiometric techniques are widely used in the Soviet Union in life sciences studies. Main approaches to the study of natural materials by activation analysis, including bulk analyses, localized analyses, speciation, and in vivo experiments are described. Examples of applications in agriculture to increase protein content of wheat, to improve crop yield, and to enhance resistivity of cotton plants to diseases are given. Activation analysis is used in medicine for prognosis and study of processes of pathogenesis. Detailed information on trace elements is valuable in environmental studies, and general regularities in biogeochemistry may be clarified with activation analysis.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed2001

Recent measurements for hadrontherapy and space radiation: nuclear physics.

The particles and energies commonly used for hadron therapy overlap the low end of the charge and energy range of greatest interest for space radiation applications, Z=1-26 and approximately 100-1000 MeV/nucleon. It has been known for some time that the nuclear interactions of the incident ions must be taken into account both in treatment planning and in understanding and addressing the effects of galactic cosmic ray ions on humans in space. Until relatively recently, most of the studies of nuclear fragmentation and transport in matter were driven by the interests of the nuclear physics and later, the hadron therapy communities. However, the experimental and theoretical methods and the accelerator facilities developed for use in heavy ion nuclear physics are directly applicable to radiotherapy and space radiation studies. I will briefly review relevant data taken recently at various accelerators, and discuss the implications of the measurements for radiotherapy, radiobiology and space radiation research.

Cosmic Radiation↗
PubMed1990

[Fluoride deposition in the dental enamel following the use of a fluoride-containing gel studied by a nuclear physics method (PIGE)].

The caries-preventing activity of fluorine is a surfact in the medicine. Dentists and physicists analysed with a new nuclear physical method the fluorine uptake of the tooth enamel after application of new caries-preventive agents. The fluorine profile of the first 3 microns of the enamel surface from deciduous teeth was established after three years clinical treatment with two new developed fluorine gels from the VEB Leipziger Arzneimittelwerk in comparison with Elmexgelee and a control agent. The determination of the fluorine profiles was performed using proton-induced gamma rays emission (PIGE) on the 2-MV van de-Graaf accelerator of the institute of practical nuclear physics of the physical faculty from the Karl-Marx-Universität Leipzig. The two new developed gels and Elmexgelee caused a similar fluorine concentration in tooth enamel. The fluorine profiles from the new developed gel A and the clinical approved caries preventive agent Elmexgelee are comparable. Gel A is produced under the trade mark "Laweflour" by the VEB Leipziger Arzneimittelwerk.

Child↗
PubMed1995

[The concept of nuclear physics].

Understanding of the biological effects of radioactivity on living matter requires some basic notions of nuclear physics. The interreactions between living matter and ionising rays, emitted by natural or artificial radioelements, are responsible for such effects. These radioelements are characterised by the period, the nature and the energy of the rays they emit; they constitute the source of radiation whose effects generally depend on their activity.

Isotopes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative analysis of semiotic shifts, established by LCS of blood plasma from random samples of studied subjects from the zone of the Chernobyl accident, "Ural Radiation Trace", and collaborators from St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences].

Using the developed "semiotic" classifier of laser correlation spectra of blood plasma the authors have carried out the verification of organism states of patients from the zone of Chernobyl accident, "Ural radiation trace" and collaborators from Sanct-Petersbourg Institute of Nuclear Physics. An analysis of results obtained using accidental selections which differed as to the character of radiation injury evidences for high informativeness of "semiotic" classifier of laser correlation spectra of blood plasma.

Humans↗