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Results for “NEUROMUSCULAR SPINDLES”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Development of neuromuscular spindles in the muscles of the floor of the human oral cavity during intrauterine development].

By means of histological, neurohistological, histochemical and morphometrical techniques the development, number and histotopography of neuromuscular spindles have been studied in 860 muscles of the mouth cavity fundus obtained from 108 human embryos, fetuses and newborns. In genioglossal and in geniohyoid muscles, the spindles are layed down at the 7th week of gestation. Their differentiation starts at the 9th week -- with forming the first sensitive endings, nuclear bursa and cellular elements of the spindle capsule. By the 14th week, the subcapsular space becomes evident, and by the 20th week of embryogenesis neuromuscular spindles resemble definitive structures. In the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, the foundation and initial differentiation of the spindles is retarded. The mylohyoid muscle has no spindles. Morphogenesis of neuromuscular spindles has been studied with special reference to the beginning of functional activity of the fundal muscles in the mouth cavity during embryogenesis in view of the theory of systemogenesis.

Cholinesterases↗
PubMed1979

[Formation of the circulatory bed of the neuromuscular spindles in forearm and hand muscles].

The data are presented on the formation and main constitutional principles in the blood supply of the neuromuscular spindles in the human forearm and hand during embryogenesis and early postnatal life. It has been stated that the neuromuscular spindles posses their own microcirculatory bed which is formed by the vessels of the surrounding muscular tissue, tends to separate in the course of development and subdivides into two parts: extracapsular and intracapsular. The vessels of the extracapsular part form dense capillary nets on the external surface of the capsule and follow extracapsular parts of the intrafusal muscular fibres. The intracapsular vessels either cover the internal surface of the capsule, or adjoin the intrafusal muscular fibres, or else run in the free subcapsular space.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

The ultrastructure of the capsule of the neuromuscular spindles from Python reticulatus (Schneid.).

The capsule of the neuromuscular spindles in the lower costocutaneous muscles from Python reticulatus (Schneid.) has been studied at the electron microscope. As in other vertebrate species, the capsule is divisible into 2 components, i.e. an inner and an outer capsule, which display a very similar structure. Moreover, it has been possible to bring to light the continuity of the outer capsule with the cells and fibres of the perineural sheath enveloping the sensory and motory fibres. The capsule cells exhibit a number of pinocytotic vesicles, profiles of granular endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, glycogen particles and Golgi complexes. The presence of these structures points to the secretory and transport activities performed by the spindle capsule in the control of the composition of the intracapsular fluid.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Sources of innervation of the neuromuscular spindles in sternomastoid and trapezius.

The sources of innervation of neuromuscular spindles in sternomastoid and trapezius have been investigated in rats and mice, by degeneration experiments. The entire motor supply, both extrafusal and intrafusal, to both muscles, was from the spinal accessory nerve. The sensory supply to the spindles in sternomastoid and rostral trapezius was from cervical spinal nerves, and to those in the caudal trapezius was from thoracic spinal nerves.

Acromion↗
PubMed1983

[Structure of the neuromuscular spindles in the tongue of human fetuses].

The dynamics in development of some components--of the neuromuscular spindles in the human fetus and newborn tongues have been studied by means of certain general and neurohistological methods with elements of morphometry. During the whole prenatal period of the human life, there is a certain synchronism in the development of the lingual proper muscles and the neuro-muscular spindles. Certain integration in the development of the neuro-muscular spindles is observed in 4-6-month-old fetuses; in 8-9-month-old fetuses and in newborns it is substituted for heterochronicity. By the time of birth, the muscle spindle contractile elements are supplied with a more differentiated efferent innervation. The latter actively effects the morphological state of the intrafusal muscle fibers and forms a base for functional activity of the tongue.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Functional characteristics and distribution of neuromuscular spindles].

The mm. lumbricales and the mm. capsulares of the shoulder and hip joints of the horse are rich in neuromuscular spindles (NMS). The mm. interossei of the pig, but not of the horse, have NMS too. In the m. orbicularis of the eye, m.hyo-epiglotticus and the m. palatinus of the horse NMS are absent. In the vestigial muscles, as m. extensor digitorum brevis and m. of Thiernesse, NMS are absent too. A role of modulator for the proximal muscles of the limbs by the distal muscles is hypothesized, as well as the absence of NMS in striated muscles not involved in locomotion.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Morphometric characteristics of neuromuscular spindles in hypertrophied skeletal muscle].

Skeletal muscle hypertrophy in young male rats was found to be accompanied by adaptive changes in neuromuscular spindles. The changes consisted in connective capsule thickening, increased diameter of NMS and intrafusal muscle fibers, expanded afferent and efferent nerve terminals, increased microcirculatory bed capacity. The quantitative and qualitative shifts observed in NMS structure are morphologically equivalent to the rise in their functional potential, which forms the basis for the functional changes in conditions of increasing skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Pax7 is expressed in the capsules surrounding adult mouse neuromuscular spindles.

The multigene Pax family of transcription factors plays an important role in the development of the central nervous system as well as in organ morphogenesis. Expression of one of the members of the family, Pax7, has been described in embryonic muscle and in both embryonic and adult brain. We recently detected Pax7 transcripts in RNA isolated from adult mouse skeletal muscle and brain and here use in situ hybridisation to localise the expression within these tissues. Pax7 expression was observed in neural cells of the brain and in cells of neural crest origin in the inner and outer capsules of neuromuscular spindles. The results suggest that Pax7 may be implicated in the formation and maintenance of neuromuscular contacts within the muscle spindle throughout life.

Animals↗