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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Ultrastructural characterization of pulmonary neoplasms. II. The role of electron microscopy in characterization of uncommon epithelial pulmonary neoplasms, metastatic neoplasms to and from lung, and other tumors, including mesenchymal neoplasms.

Ultrastructural analysis through better resolution adds significant information to the evaluation and classification of primary pulmonary neoplasms. Light microscopy is limited in the evaluation of lung neoplasms. In some cases the light microscopic appearance may be entirely misleading, whereas in others it is inconclusive. Immunocytochemistry provides information on cytoplasmic differentiation of various tumors and hence more data on their corresponding phenotypes. The data from immunocytochemistry without corresponding objective electron microscopic evaluation may be very difficult to interpret. Correlation of historical, gross, light, electron microscopic, and immunocytochemical data is essential for a final accurate diagnosis (fig. 20). Fine needle aspiration of pulmonary neoplasms is becoming very fashionable and a diagnosis, including type of neoplasm, is expected on the basis of examination of a limited number of cells which further emphasizes the importance of ultrastructural characterization in helping to establish an accurate diagnosis [63-69]. The current classification of pulmonary neoplasms may need to be modified in the near future to incorporate the newly created data [70-72]. At the present time, there appears to be, at least, a need for a 'double standard', as Sobin [73] has suggested, which would permit the evaluation of the biologic significance of the ultrastructural and immunocytochemical findings (as applied to classification of neoplasms) in an effort to derive meaningful clinicopathologic correlations. Figure 20 emphasizes the additive role which should be played by the various diagnostic modalities to enable a morphologic assessment which would be an accurate predictor of biologic behavior. With an accurate assessment of biologic behavior, a more appropriate and rational approach for therapy is possible. There is also an important role for ultrastructural analysis in metastatic pleural and pulmonary neoplasms, primarily adenocarcinomas, as well as in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasms versus other tumors that may be similar in histological appearance. The role of ultrastructure in mesenchymal neoplasms is also crucial in defining specific neoplastic cell populations and in some cases in the differentiation from other non-mesenchymal tumors. It seems that routine electron microscopic examination of pulmonary neoplasms provides additional information that may be of great value in the management of patients and in understanding the differentiation, and perhaps histogenesis, of pulmonary neoplasms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Histochemical characteristics of spontaneous and chemically induced hepatocellular neoplasms in mice and the development of neoplasms with gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity during phenobarbital exposure.

The histochemical characteristics of spontaneous hepatocellular neoplasms in mice of both sexes were examined and compared with those of hepatocellular neoplasms induced in female mice by administration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens as initiators with or without subsequent phenobarbitone treatment. Controls treated with phenobarbitone alone was also induced. Spontaneous neoplasms in the livers of mice rendered siderotic by subcutaneous iron injection were deficient in cellular accumulation of stainable iron. Glucose-6-phosphatase activity was deficient in the majority of spontaneous and induced neoplasms. ATPase activity was increase in about half of spontaneous and carcinogen-induced neoplasms but all induced neoplasms in mice treated with phenobarbitone showed deficient activity. Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity was present in very few of the spontaneous neoplasms or in the neoplasms induced in the absence of phenobarbitone administration. However, all induced neoplasms in the mice receiving phenobarbitone showed some degree of gamma-glutamyltransferase activity together with deficient glucose-6-phosphatase and ATPase activities. It is concluded that the histochemical characteristics of spontaneous or induced mouse hepatocellular neoplasms are variable and may be influenced by the inducing factors.

7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide↗
PubMed1985

[Two cases of triple primary neoplasm and two cases of quadruple primary neoplasm including bladder cancer].

Two cases of triple primary neoplasm and two cases of quadruple primary neoplasm including transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of bladder are reported. The first case was a 70-year-old male who had bladder cancer, occult cancer of prostate (adenocarcinoma) and highly differentiated adenocarcinoma of pancreas. He died of cachexy. The second case was a 69-year-old male. This case was also triple primary neoplasm including bladder cancer, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of penis and SCC of larynx. The third case was a 78-year-old male who had bladder cancer, adenocarcinoma of prostate similar to that of the first case, adenocarcinoma of stomach, and SCC of lung. He died of obstructive jaundice and renal failure owing to massive metastases of gastric cancer. The fourth case was a 78-year-old male who had four primary neoplasms such as bladder cancer, branchiogenic epithelial carcinoma, SCC of buccal mucosa and adenocarcinoma of rectum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Human chorionic gonadotrophins (hCG) in non-trophoblastic neoplasms. Assessment of abnormalities of hCG and CEA in bronchogenic and digestive neoplasms.

Evaluation of plasma hCG measurement in the diagnosis of nontrophoblastic neoplasms and assessment of the value of concomitant measurement of plasma hCG and CEA in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and neoplasms of the digestive tract were undertaken. Only one of 70 normal control subjects had positive plasma hCG (3.5 ng/ml), whereas 54 of 320 patients with nontrophoblastic neoplasms had measurable plasma hCG (1.9 to 160 ng/ml). Forty of these patients had less than 5.1 ng/ml. Elevated plasma CEA levels of 3.6 to 140 ng/ml were found in 38 of the 70 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and 30 of the 72 patients with neoplasms of the digestive tract in this series. Concomitant positive hCG was found in only six of the 68 patients who had elevated CEA levels, and positive hCG was found in eight of 74 patients who had normal plasma CEA. The low frequency and the modest elevation of plasma hCG, despite frequent advanced disease, indicate plasma hCG has limited value as a biologic marker for diagnosis and assessment of non-trophoblastic neoplasms.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural characterization of pulmonary neoplasms. I. The role of electron microscopy in characterization of the most common epithelial neoplasms.

We have attempted to summarize current concepts pertaining to the ultrastructural evaluation of epithelial pulmonary neoplasms, with an emphasis in potential clinicopathological correlations. Routine ultrastructural evaluation of the most commonly encountered pulmonary carcinomas seems to provide, in a significant number of cases, additional information that may be of help in patient management. Immunocytochemistry when employed as an adjunct to electron microscopic evaluation of pulmonary tumors also plays an important role in clarifying morphologic findings. With the advent of specific chemotherapy protocols and future development of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of neoplasms, accurate tumor classification becomes crucial. The combined use of electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry seems to be extremely useful in providing accurate and reproducible criteria of great potential value in the overall assessment of pulmonary neoplasms. In part II of this study we will address the importance of the ultrastructural evaluation of less common epithelial and mesenchymal pulmonary neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Neoplasms of the central nervous system in Norway. V. Meningioma and cancer of other sites. An analysis of the occurrence of multiple primary neoplasms in meningioma patients in Norway from 1955 through 1986.

The association between meningioma and a primary malignant neoplasm at another site was studied. The data from the population-based Norwegian Cancer Registry were analysed according to whether the meningioma occurred before or after the malignant neoplasm. Male patients with meningioma showed a raised risk for developing a subsequent renal cancer. A significant association was found between meningioma and subsequent breast cancer in females 50-64 years old at time of meningioma diagnosis and between breast cancer and subsequent occurrence of meningioma. Breast cancer patients with symptoms of an intracranial neoplasm may therefore have a potentially curable meningioma and female meningioma patients over 50 years should be considered for breast cancer screening programmes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Neoplasms of the central nervous system in Norway. II. Descriptive epidemiology of intracranial neoplasms 1955-1984.

A population-based study of 8480 patients - 4508 (53%) males and 3972 females - with primary intracranial neoplasms reported to the Norwegian Cancer Registry during the period 1955-84, is presented. 81% of the cases were histologically verified. The peak age-specific incidence rate in the total series occurred in the age-group 55-64 years. Gliomas constituted the largest histological group with an age-adjusted incidence rate of 5.0 cases per 100,000 population per year for males and 3.5 for females. Case ascertainment of primary intracranial neoplasms is reduced above the age of 60 in Norway, mostly due to a a low autopsy rate. The major impact of the introduction of computer tomography (CT) in the case ascertainment of intracranial neoplasms has been a raised incidence, in patients over the age of 60, of neoplasms which are not histologically verified.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Retrospective analysis of the incidence of midline supratentorial neoplasms in children and young patients: craniopharyngiomas, hypophyseal and pineal neoplasms].

The authors analyzed, in a retrospective study made at the Pathology Department of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo, 1632 cases of intracranial neoplasms in a period of 50 years (1931-1981). The investigation concentrated on 592 cases (36.2%) of patients with age ranging from 0 to 20 years. The overall number of craniopharyngiomas in this group was 21 (3.5%); 8 cases (1.35%) of hypophyseal neoplasms, and 4 cases (6%) of pineal neoplasms. Neoplastic infiltration of the hypophysis and pineal was present in 24 cases (4.0%). No metastases were observed. The description and importance of these findings, and their correlation with data from other authors are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Neoplasms in skin and subcutis over the breast, simulating breast neoplasms: case reports and literature review.

Twenty cases of neoplasms in skin and subcutaneous tissue over the breast were reviewed. There were 17 women, from 15 to 70 years of age, and three men, from 25 to 66 years of age. Among the benign skin neoplasms, superficial leiomyoma, granular cell tumor, and eccrine acrospiroma were misdiagnosed clinically as primary breast carcinoma. Among the malignant neoplasms in subcutaneous tissue, there were three metastatic malignant melanomas, one metastatic epidermoid bronchogenic carcinoma, and two malignant lymphomas. It is interesting that four of these six patients had no prior history of malignant lesion, the subcutaneous nodule presenting as the first manifestation of an occult primary. It is concluded that histological diagnosis of such tumors may lead to avoidance of unnecessary radical surgery.

Adenoma, Sweat Gland↗
PubMed1989

Ultrastructural morphometry distinguishes Burkitt's-like lymphomas from neuroendocrine neoplasms: useful criteria applied to the evaluation of a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm of the nasal cavity masquerading as Burkitt's-like lymphoma.

The present study describes the potential usefulness of ultrastructural morphometry in diagnosis. Ultrastructural morphometric criteria were applied to the evaluation of a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm of the nasal cavity that was initially thought to be a Burkitt's-like lymphoma (BLL). Although the nasal lesion in question failed to stain with over 50 cell lineage-relevant antibodies, it did stain for vimentin (an intermediate filament protein) and Ki-67 (a nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation). Routine electron microscopy revealed a primitive neoplasm with abundant cytoplasmic lipid droplets and sparse dense granules with no intercellular junctions. Treatment options, which included extensive facial surgery, prompted more study. Tissue processed for the uranaffin reaction revealed sparse uranaffin-positive granules indicating the presence of true neurosecretory granules. An ultrastructural morphometric analysis of the neoplastic nuclei of this patient placed the tumor outside the morphometric domains for BLLs (18 cases) and neuroblastomas (11 cases) and within the morphometric domain of neuroendocrine carcinomas (9 cases). A greater mean standard deviation (P less than 0.05) and mean coefficient of variation (P less than 0.02) of nuclear perimeter in the neuroendocrine (NE) group related to the BLL group indicated greater nuclear pleomorphism within the NE group as illustrated in bivariate graphic displays. The possible origin of the neoplasm within the nasal mucosa is discussed.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1984

Malignant small bowel neoplasm of enteric plexus derivation (plexosarcoma). Light and electron microscopic study confirming the origin of the neoplasm.

An unusual small intestinal tumor was found in a 61-year-old male who complained of intermittent right lower quadrant burning pain, tenesmus, and bloody diarrhea. On gross examination, the tumor was located intramurally in the distal jejunum with no involvement of the overlying mucosa. Histologic examination revealed two elements: a spindle cell component with characteristics reminiscent of a Schwann cell neoplasm, and nests of larger epithelioid-like cells almost undistinguishable from the Zellballen of nonchromaffin paragangliomas. The neoplasm originated within the intestinal wall without apparent mucosal origin. Ultrastructural studies revealed features recapitulating the normal enteric plexus structure and quite unlike those described in normal or neoplastic smooth muscle, Schwann or paraganglion cells. On this basis, this neoplasm is considered as a malignant enteric plexus tumor or a plexosarcoma.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Mucinous neoplasm in the cervix associated with a mucinous neoplasm in the ovary and concurrent bilateral sex cord tumors with annular tubules: immunohistochemical study.

The patient described synchronous mucinous tumors of the cervix and ovary and concurrent annular tubules, but without the classical stigmata of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. The cervical tumor was an invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma with mixed components of minimal deviation and less-well-differentiated endometrioid morphology. The ovarian tumor had the benign appearance of a mucinous adenoma but histologically revealed areas of invasive carcinoma. Immunohistochemical studies of the mucinous neoplasms of the cervix and ovary are discussed. Neither the staining properties of mucin, the pattern of immunostaining for carcinoembryonic antigen, nor any other common markers were helpful in distinguishing the mucinous neoplasms. Positive immunostaining for low-molecular-weight cytokeratin in the filament profile of sex cord tumors with annular tubules was of particular interest since it has not to our knowledge been previously described.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1984

Transplantability of naturally occurring benign and malignant neoplasms and age-associated nonneoplastic lesions of the aging F344 rat as biological evidence for the histological diagnosis of neoplasms.

Portions of 162 naturally occurring neoplasms and 26 nonneoplastic lesions from 93 aged male or female F344/NCr rats were implanted into the left inguinal mammary fat pads of weanling syngeneic recipients. As controls, 95 normal tissues were implanted to the right inguinal fat pad. Transplant recipients were maintained for up to 1 year. Essentially, all types of naturally occurring benign and malignant tumors were successfully transplanted, i.e., grew progressively forming nodules and masses. For the transplants, the latency period preceding palpable growth, tumor growth rate, invasiveness, metastatic rate, and time to death were associated with the degree of histological malignancy of the primary tumor. The tumors which were the most malignant based on these criteria included large granular lymphocyte leukemia, sarcomas, and carcinomas. Fibromas, mammary fibroadenomas, and papillomas were easily transplanted but were not invasive. Endocrine tumors generally were the slowest-growing tumors. This study provides evidence that successful tumor transplantation is only evidence of neoplasia and does not distinguish whether a primary tumor is benign or malignant.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Atypical polypoid adenomyoma of the uterus associated with Turner's syndrome. A report of three cases, including a review of "estrogen-associated" endometrial neoplasms and neoplasms associated with Turner's syndrome.

The clinical and pathological features of three atypical polypoid adenomyomas of the uterus that were associated with Turner's syndrome are described. The patients, at least two of whom had been on long-term exogenous estrogens, were in their third decade and presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding. In two cases an exophytic mass protruded through the external os and clinically suggested a malignant tumor. The histological (and in one case, the ultrastructural) findings were similar to those of previously described cases of atypical polypoid adenomyoma. The clinical findings in these cases suggest that some atypical polypoid adenomyomas may be a complication of prolonged estrogenic stimulation. The association between Turner's syndrome and other gynecological neoplasms is reviewed.

Adult↗