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Results for “Mucous Membrane”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Amniotic membrane transplantation versus mucous membrane grafting in anophthalmic contracted socket.

PURPOSE: Amniotic membrane has been successfully used for treatment of various ocular surface disorders, but there have been no published reports untill now regarding its use in the treatment of contracted socket. The aim of this study was to determine the role of amniotic membrane and to compare the results with mucous membrane grafting in anophthalmic contracted socket. METHODS: A prospective study of 20 eyes with mild to moderate anophthalmic contracted socket was carried out. Two groups, each with 10 eyes, were formed randomly. Group A underwent amniotic membrane transplantation, and Group B mucous membrane grafting. Prosthesis was fitted 6-8 weeks post operatively. The volume and fornices' length was compared preoperatively and at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Apart from measurements, patient satisfaction was an important criteria in defining the success of the procedure. At the end of 12 months, the relative increase between the 2 groups in the fornix and volume measurements were statistically significant (SF-0.001,IF-0.001,V-0.001) with better patient comfort in group A. There was no statistical significance regarding the rate of complications between both the groups (p = 0.29). CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane emerges as a viable alternative to established mucous membrane grafting as it causes less patient morbidity, faster recovery and better fitting of prosthesis. No contracture is observed with amniotic membrane as against mucous membrane. It is cheap and easily available and has no significant complications associated with it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Observations on the structural changes according to aging of oral mucous membrane in the elderly--structure of buccal mucous membrane in the vicinity of angulus oris].

The purpose of this research was to clarify the structural changes according to the aging of the buccal mucous membrane in the elderly. Thirty-eight Japanese adult cadavers (62-98 years) which dental students had used for anatomy practice were used as materials. Serial sections were made from the specimens of the buccal mucous membrane in the vicinity of angulus oris removed from the cadavers, and the sections were observed with a light microscope. The results were as follows: 1) As for the buccal mucous membrane in the vicinity of angulus oris in the elderly, the thickness decreases significantly with aging. 2) In the buccal mucous membranes of the elderly, the functional arrangement of the collagenous and elastic fibers distributed in the lamina propria and the submucous membrane disappears with aging, and the fibrosis tendency generally becomes remarkable. 3) The number of blood vessels distributed in the mucous membrane in the vicinity of angulus oris of the elderly decreases with aging, and the distribution of blood vessels changes, too. It seems that these changes suppress the circulatory system of the buccal mucous membrane in the very elderly. 4) The fatty change and the fibrosis of the small salivary gland progress among the very elderly. It seems that the structural change of such a glandular tissue causes dryness in the mouth. 5) The change in the thickness of the tunica muscularis according to aging was hardly seen among the elderly. However, the tendency toward thinness with aging was seen, as for the muscular fiber. The structural change of such a muscular fiber seems to cause depression such as that of the orbicular muscle of the mouth in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Localization of basement membrane components in mucous membrane pemphigoid.

We examined the distribution of laminin, type IV collagen, and fibronectin in subepithelial vesicles of oral mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP). Indirect immunofluorescence staining of these macromolecules was performed on 10 frozen biopsy specimens of oral MMP. We found type IV collagen in the connective tissue floor and laminin in the epithelial roof of these lesions. Our results suggest that the inflammatory injury in oral MMP may disrupt the interaction of laminin with type IV collagen in the basement membrane zone.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Application of stereologic methodology to inflammatory infiltrates residing in oral mucous membrane lesions. Structural and morphometric comparison of benign mucous membrane pemphigoid and reticular lichen planus.

In the present study, stereologic procedures are employed to estimate quantitatively the composition of chronic connective tissue infiltrates characterizing various oral mucous membrane diseases. One case each of benign mucous membrane pemphigoid (BMMP) and reticular lichen planus (RLP) served as examples to demonstrate the applicability of this methodology. In both lesions which are described clinically, histologically and on the ultrastructural level and which display a markedly different infiltrate composition, fibroblasts were affected and either proliferated (BMMP) or became cytopathologically altered (RLP). The quantitative data presented, besides providing new information, argue in favour of the stereologic approach.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Resistance of Bordetella pertussis phase I to mucociliary clearance by rabbit tracheal mucous membrane.

Cultivated mucous membrane of rabbit trachea was point inoculated with Bordetella pertussis phase I or III. Phase I (virulent) bacteria were found to be infective at the point-inoculated site, but phase III (avirulent) bacteria rarely showed such behavior. After inoculation, homogenized segments of mucous membrane were spread on plates. Large numbers of phase I bacteria were recovered from the inoculated segment; however, the laryngeal segment was the site of recovery of large numbers of phase III bacteria. The difference was not due to the ciliostatic bacterial toxin. After coinoculation with phase I and III bacteria, phase III bacteria were recognized at the laryngeal end, whereas phase I bacteria were recognized at the inoculated site. Therefore, the adherence of the bacteria to the ciliated epithelium is considered to be the most probable mechanism of the resistance to the mucociliary stream. Scanning electron microscopy facilitated visualization of phase I bacteria adhering to the inoculated site.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

In vitro organ culture model for mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), also known as cicatricial pemphigoid, is a rare vesiculobullous disease of mucosal tissues, which involves the oral, ocular, and other mucous membranes. We have studied a group of patients with histologically and immunopathologically proven pemphigoid disease involving predominantly the conjunctiva and oral mucosa in addition to other mucosae. The purpose of our study was to (i) demonstrate the specific binding of autoantibodies present in the sera of patients with MMP to normal human oral mucosa by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and (ii) to study the role of these autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of subepithelial blister formation using normal human buccal mucosa in organ culture. Serum and IgG fractions from MMP patients showed homogeneous smooth linear binding along the basement membrane zone (BMZ) of the normal buccal mucosa on IIF. Serum from pemphigus vulgaris patients showed intercellular or keratinocyte cell surface staining. BMZ separation developed at 48 h after incubation of normal human buccal mucosa in organ culture, with serum or IgG from patients with MMP but not after addition of normal human serum. Addition of pemphigus vulgaris serum to the in vitro culture of normal human buccal mucosa showed acantholysis. This preliminary report suggests that circulating autoantibodies may have an important role in the pathogenesis of MMP. This in vitro organ culture model will facilitate enhancing our understanding of various molecular events during the process of blister formation in MMP and in the study of other mucosal diseases.

Acantholysis↗
PubMed2006

Antigen specificity in subsets of mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) has several subsets based on target antigens recognized by their sera. MMP and ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) sera recognize beta4 integrin subunit, oral pemphigoid sera recognize alpha6 integrin subunit, and anti-epiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid sera recognize laminin 5. Our aim is to determine if autoantibodies in the sera of patients with MMP, OCP, and oral pemphigoid (OP) recognize only their target antigens, and to see if this specificity is maintained throughout the clinical course. An immunoblot assay using bovine gingival lysate was used as substrate. Fifteen MMP patients, eight with OCP, and 15 OP patients were studied before therapy and at multiple intervals during the clinical course. Absorption and blocking studies were performed to determine binding specificity. Sera of patients with MMP and OCP recognize only beta4 integrin subunit, and sera of OP patients recognize alpha6 integrin throughout the clinical course. The sera of patients in the subsets of MMP described in this report show adherence and selectivity to target antigen during the entire clinical course, without crossover, interaction, or change. Hence, these subsets of MMP provide an excellent model to study clinical correlation with antigen and antibody specificity, in autoimmunity.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed2002

Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in patients with multiple mucosal involvement in mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), also known as cicatricial pemphigoid (CP), is an autoimmune mucocutaneous, blistering disease which can lead to blindness and/or death from sudden asphyxiation, secondary to a scarring process. Conventional therapy for the treatment of MMP consists of high-dose systemic corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressive agents. Some patients do not respond to these treatments and develop multiple serious side effects, which can be potentially fatal. In such patients, alternative treatment modalities are needed. This study presents the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy in 15 patients with severe MMP whose disease was nonresponsive to the prolonged use of high-dose systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents and who developed multiple side effects to them. All 15 patients received an IVIg dose of 1-2 g/kg/cycle. The following objective parameters were used to assess the clinical outcome pre- and post-IVIg therapy: number of side effects, frequencies of recurrences and relapses, duration and total dosage of prednisone therapy, and the quality of life. The differences in these variables between the pre- and post-IVIg data were statistically analyzed using the SAS UNIVARIATE software running the two-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank and sign tests. A statistically significant difference was observed between pre- and post-IVIg therapy data when comparing the aforementioned variables. All 15 patients had an effective clinical response, were able to discontinue previous systemic therapies, and eventually achieved a prolonged clinical remission. IVIg improved the quality of life in all 15 patients and demonstrated a steroid-sparing effect. No serious side effects were observed. IVIg therapy is a safe and effective alternative modality in the treatment of patients with nonresponsive and progressive MMP and can induce a sustained clinical remission.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori in mucous membrane of stomach in patients with duodenal ulcer and inflammation of stomach mucous membrane].

In 1990-1991 microbiological studies were performed aimed at determination of frequency of occurrence of Helicobacter pylori in patients treated because of peptic ulcer in Department of Gastroenterology in Katowice. Studies were performed in 112 patients. Out of these, in 73 duodenal ulcer was detected endoscopically (group I), in 26--inflammation of stomach mucous membrane with erosion (group II), and in 13--both duodenal ulcer and erosion of stomach membrane (group III). Samples from mucous membrane of pylorus and of stomach taken endoscopically were tested microscopically and in culture. Helicobacter pylori was found in 74 patients (66.1%). Frequency of isolation was different in individual groups. Helicobacter pylori was found in 51 patients (70%) of group I, 15 (58%) of group II and in 8 (61%) of group III. Helicobacter pylori was most frequently isolated from patients with duodenal and stomach ulcer (81.3%).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a chronic, subepithelial autoimmune disease, which predominantly involves mucosal surfaces and results in mucosal blistering, ulceration, and subsequent scarring. This article discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of MMP, with mention of related subepithelial bullous dermatoses.

Female↗
PubMed2005

Mucosal disease series. Number III. Mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a sub-epithelial vesiculobullous disorder. It is now quite evident that a number of sub-epithelial vesiculobullous disorders may produce similar clinical pictures, and also that a range of variants of MMP exist, with antibodies directed against various hemidesmosomal components or components of the epithelial basement membrane. The term immune-mediated sub-epithelial blistering diseases (IMSEBD) has therefore been used. Immunological differences may account for the significant differences in their clinical presentation and responses to therapy, but unfortunately data on this are few. The diagnosis and management of IMSEBD on clinical grounds alone is impossible and a full history, general, and oral examination, and biopsy with immunostaining are now invariably required, sometimes supplemented with other investigations. No single treatment regimen reliably controls all these disorders, and it is not known if the specific subsets of MMP will respond to different drugs. Currently, apart from improving oral hygiene, immunomodulatory-especially immunosuppressive-therapy is typically used to control oral lesions. The present paper reviews pemphigoid, describing the present understanding of this fascinating clinical phenotype, summarising the increasing number of subsets with sometimes-different natural histories and immunological features, and outlining current clinical practice.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗