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5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Multimodal features and prognostic risk assessment in locally advanced gastric cancer patients following neoadjuvant therapy based on machine learning algorithms: a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is recommended for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC), but some patients respond poorly. We aimed to construct a multimodal model integrating CT images, transcriptomic sequencing, and clinicopathological data to assess prognosis in LAGC patients receiving NAT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This multicenter study included 505 LAGC patients who underwent NAT. Radiomic features were extracted from preoperative CT images of 505 patients. RNA-seq was performed on 277 post-NAT specimens, with additional data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;804). Patients were divided into training (168 cases), internal validation (72 cases), and external validation cohorts. Machine learning algorithms identified key radiomic, molecular, and clinical features associated with NAT response, which were then integrated into a multimodal model to predict overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: Six radiomic and three molecular features significantly associated with NAT response were selected. Radiomic risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.0, P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001) and molecular risk (HR: 7.1, P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001) were independent prognostic factors. By integrating radiomic risk, molecular risk, and clinical characteristics, a multimodal model (MuMo) was constructed.The C-index results (OS, C-index&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.855; DFS, C-index&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.786) demonstrated that MuMo outperformed the single-modality models and ypTNM staging.Mechanistic analysis suggested that the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy was significantly enriched in immune-inflammatory pathways. CONCLUSIONS: MuMo can effectively predict postoperative survival risk in LAGC patients receiving NAT, serving as a powerful tool for optimizing prognostic assessment.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Increased dopamine turnover in the ventral striatum by 8-OH-DPAT administration in the rat.

The administration of the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT (0.8 mumols kg-1 s.c.-40 min) produced an increase in dopamine (DA) turnover, estimated by the quotient (DOPAC + HVA) DA-1, in the ventral striatum of the rat. No statistically significant effects were obtained in the dorsal striatum. The accumulation of 3-MT in pargyline-treated animals (375 mumols kg-1 s.c.-60 min) was not affected by 8-OH-DPAT treatment (0.15-2.4 mumols kg-1 s.c.-30 min). These findings indicate that 8-OH-DPAT has weak antagonist properties at striatal DA receptors in normal rats. Both the 5-HT1A agonist flesinoxan (0.06-17.8 mumos kg-1 s.c. -50 min) and the mixed 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 agonist 5-MeODMT (1.6-26.0 mumols kg-1 s.c.-50 min) produced a decrease in forebrain 5-HTP accumulation (striatum and neocortex), following decarboxylase inhibition by means of NSD-1015 in reserpine treated rats, indicating stimulation of central 5-HT receptors by these two compounds. At the same time, the DOPA accumulation by the ventral striatum was decreased by flesinoxan and increased by 5-MeODMT treatment. These observations show that, under these conditions, the decrease in DA synthesis is not directly coupled to the decreased 5-HT synthesis produced by flesinoxan, as previously demonstrated for 8-OH-DPAT. Taken together with previous observations, the present results suggest that 8-OH-DPAT, depending on the experimental conditions, is an agonist or antagonist at striatal DA receptors, in all probability due to partial DA receptor agonist properties of the compound.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1988

The effect of temperature on the rate of transmission of Theileria parva parva infection to cattle by its tick vector, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus.

A steer was infected with Theileria parva parva Kilae stabilate; nymphal Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks were applied to its ears so that they completed repletion when the steer had a high piroplasm parasitaemia. The engorged nymphs were subsequently incubated at 28 degrees C for 26-29 days to complete moulting, when the adult ticks were divided into two groups; one was incubated at 18 degrees C for 20 days and the other at 18 degrees C for 14 days and then at 37 degrees C for 6 days. Groups of ticks incubated at 37 and 18 degrees C were triturated and each resultant supernatant fluid inoculated into a steer. Both steers became infected, but the 37 degrees C supernatant group showed a much shorter pre-patent period to schizonts. Groups of ticks incubated at 37 or 18 degrees C were applied to pairs of cattle for 24, 48 and 72 h and then removed. There was a more rapid transmission of theileriosis to cattle by ticks kept at high ambient temperatures compared to those kept at low ambient temperatures. All cattle on which ticks treated at 37 degrees C were applied developed acute and fatal T. parva infection irrespective of the duration of tick application, while only 1 animal receiving ticks treated at 18 degrees C and fed for 72 h developed infection. The pre-patent period for macroschizonts was very short in all the groups receiving ticks incubated at 37 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Vaccination of the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) against infection with Schistosoma mansoni.

Pilot experiments were carried out to assess the immunizing potential of radiation-attenuated cercariae of S. mansoni. Groups of 4 monkeys each were vaccinated 4-5 times at 3-5-week intervals using cercariae which had received 10, 20, 40 or 60 krad of gamma radiation. Animals were vaccinated with 1000 or 2000 cercariae per kilogram of body weight. Overall the difference in worm burdens between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups was highly significant (P greater than 0.01). The highest level of protection achieved was 44.4%. This was in monkeys which were immunized five times with 2000, 20-krad cercariae at 3-4-week intervals. Protection levels of 33.3%, 36.6% and 37.0% were achieved in groups which had received, respectively, 1000 20-krad cercariae, 1000 10-krad cercariae, 2000 40-krad cercariae and 2000 60-krad cercariae. Vaccination reduced faecal egg counts markedly and intestinal tissue egg counts by 20-40%. Antischistosomular antibody was detectable in vitro 3 weeks after the first vaccination. Schistosomule kill rates of up to 60% were observed in vitro.

Animals↗