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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Moire topography in facial plastic surgery.

Moire topography, a form of biostereometrics, is a technique that provides one-step contour maps. Facial measurements so obtained may be useful in reconstructive surgery.

Face↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The application of Moire topography to removable prosthodontics.

The study was designed to assess the dental research potential of moire topography--the use of geometrically regular light patterns for measuring three-dimensional objects. One hundred thirty-nine maxillary edentulous casts and 20 mounted cast pairs were evaluated. Results demonstrated that the moire topography techniques can be used to quantitatively evaluate edentulous arch forms, compare edentulous ridge forms and surfaces, determine the amount of overlap of mounted maxillary and mandibular casts, and confirm prime areas for positioning posterior teeth.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1989

Measuring short-term rates of milk synthesis in breast-feeding mothers.

A Moire contouring method was used to measure changes in the volume of the breast between infant feeds. A tungsten-halogen light source obliquely illuminated the breast through a moving Moire grid to produce contour shadows on the breast. Photographs of the Moire topographs were analysed to obtain three-dimensional co-ordinates of transverse sections through the breast. The cross-sectional areas were calculated using the trapezoidal rule and volumes were calculated by multiplying these areas by their vertical separation. The precision of the method was found to be dependent on the subject repositioning accurately. With careful control over subject posture and position the relative standard deviation was 1.8%, but without careful repositioning the relative standard deviation was 10%. The Moire topography method was accurate; the mean difference between changes in the volume of the breast after breast feeding as measured by the Moire topography method and test weighing was 0.34 +/- 7.26 ml (n = 21). For two women, the rate of increase in the volume of the right breast was found to range from 13 to 40 ml/h.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Ten-year follow-up evaluation of a school screening program for scoliosis. Is the forward-bending test an accurate diagnostic criterion for the screening of scoliosis?

STUDY DESIGN: A 10-year follow-up evaluation of the effectiveness of school screening for scoliosis performed in a closed island population. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of methods used for screening scoliosis and to re-examine the long-term effectiveness of the school scoliosis screening program. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The diagnostic accuracy of the forward-bending test and the long-term efficacy of the screening programs have not been clearly established. METHODS: In 1987, 2700 pupils aged 8 to 16 years from the island of Samos were screened for scoliosis. The Adams forward-bending test, Moire topography, the scoliometer, and the humpometer were used. Radiologic evaluation of the spine was available for each pupil and the number of false-negative and false-positive results of the screening methods was calculated. Subsequently, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were estimated for each screening technique. Pupils found positive for spinal deformity were then followed up regularly at yearly intervals. In 1997, all positive subjects attended a 10-year clinical and radiologic follow-up, and the remaining subjects were re-evaluated by a postal questionnaire and were clinically examined if necessary. RESULTS: Spinal deformity was found in 153 (5.66%) pupils. Scoliosis (defined as a spinal curvature > or = 10 degrees) was found in 32 pupils, for a prevalence of 1.18%. For scoliosis, the Adams forward-bending test showed a number of false-negative results (in five cases), for a sensitivity of 84.37% and specificity of 93.44%. The sensitivities of Moire topography, the humpometer, and the scoliometer were 100%, 93.75%, and 90.62%, respectively, and specificity was 85.38%, 78.11%, and 79.76% respectively. The negative predictive value of the forward-bending test was inferior to those of the other methods. During this scoliosis screening program, if cutoff limits for referral had been used, such as the asymmetry of two Moire fringes, a humpogram deformity of (D + H) = 10 mm, and 8 degrees of scoliometer angle, it would have been possible to reduce radiologic examination by 89.4%. Three (0.11%) pupils aged between 12 and 14 years with scoliotic deformities greater than 20 degrees underwent satisfactory nonoperative treatment with Boston braces. One pupil with a 40 degrees thoracic curvature, underwent satisfactory surgical treatment because of progression 1 year later. Of the 121 spinal deformities with an initial Cobb angle less than 10 degrees, 44 (35.8%), and of the 29 scoliotic deformities with an initial Cobb angle between 10 degrees and 20 degrees, 14 (48.3%) progressed (a Cobb angle difference of at least 5 degrees in more than one examination). Observation and physiotherapy were the only treatments applied to all except one of the pupils in these groups. CONCLUSIONS: The Adams forward-bending test cannot be considered a safe diagnostic criterion for the early detection of scoliosis (especially when it is used as the only screening tool) because it results in an unacceptable number of false-negative findings. For the early detection of scoliosis, a combination of back-shape analysis methods can be safely used with the introduction of cutoff limits for referral being a useful procedure. The incidence of significant scoliosis is low, and its natural history seems to be independent of early detection. The wide-spread use of school scoliosis screening with the use of the forward-bending test must be questioned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Breast deformity, its correction, and assessment of breast conserving surgery.

A combination of quadrantectomy, axillary dissection, and radiotherapy (QUART) is the regimen most favored by Japanese surgeons among a variety of breast conserving therapies currently available against breast cancer. Unfortunately, extensive resections such as quadrantectomy often give poor local cosmetic results in patients with small breasts. With the aim of improving the cosmetic aspect after an extensive resection, immediate transposition of the latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) was carried out in breast conserving surgery. To date, twenty-one patients have been entered in this study. Post-quadrantectomy breast deformity was not corrected in six patients including one with bilateral breast cancers, but was corrected by transposition of a part of LDM in 14 other patients. In the last patient, who also had bilateral breast cancers, the right breast was treated by QUART and the left breast by subcutaneous mastectomy followed by transposition of LDM. The cosmetic outcome for these patients was assessed both subjectively and objectively; the objective assessment used a Moire topography camera. The postoperative appearance and topography revealed a satisfactory symmetry of breasts in the transposed patients, especially those with small breasts, when compared with non-transposed patients. It may be concluded that the transposition of LDM is useful in preventing breast deformity following an extensive resection in breast conserving surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Prediction system of facial change].

UNLABELLED: Three-dimensional simulation of facial change in a patient with severe facial deformity is very effective in not only determining a treatment plan but also in obtaining informed consent. The purpose of this presentation was to introduce the outline of our prediction system of facial change and its preliminary clinical application. (Outline of this system) This system is composed of the following three parts: Input: Three-dimensional digitized data from modified Moire Topography and coloring data of the face taken by the three-dimensional photographing appliance. ANALYSIS: Reconstruction of colored simulation model and transformation by host computer with 32 bit CPU. Output: Display of full-colored simulation model by three-dimensional graphics (Results of clinical application) 1. Three-dimensional reconstructed graphics were well accepted for clinical use, especially for the prediction in orthognathic surgery. 2. Compared with other systems, the following advantages were found: a) Simplified digitizing system using the CCD camera b) Total access time, from initial data input to display of computed picture, was about 20 minutes c) Accurate reproducibility of facial form and color vision.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1995

A biomechanical aspect of the lumbal approach to the kidney.

Functional differences between surgically attacked musculature of the lumbal region and intact musculature of the contralateral side were assessed in 71 patients by the method of Multić-Labar, Moire topography, electromyography and X-ray analysis of the thoraco-lumbar spine. The following conclusions were derived from the results obtained. In the intact musculature of the lumbal segment of the spine, sliding forces reached 200 kN in males an 170 kN in females aged >25 and <30 years. In younger and older age groups, the values were lower, assuming a form of the ascending and descending limb of a parabole, respectively. Upon healing, the lumbal musculature damaged by surgical resection showed decreased values of the pulling and sliding forces by 15 and 25 kN on an average, respectively, as definite values independent of age and sex. Kinematic alterations included myogenic geneses of a stationary form, with normal innervation, involving the whole damaged musculature. Summa summarum, results of analyses suggested the values of kinematic forces of pulling and sliding forces of the musculature damaged by surgical resection to be definitely significantly reduced, thus confirming the premise of the study.

Adolescent↗