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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Voluntary versus involuntary sample surveys in the microcensus].

The author compares aspects of voluntary and involuntary sample surveys in West Germany. "The German microcensus as a non-voluntary survey draws a random sample from the total population which includes persons that would also respond in a voluntary survey (respondents) and persons that would not respond (non-respondents). The population of a voluntary survey, however, includes only respondents. Hence, statistical inference from a voluntary sample survey is only valid for the total population, if the population of respondents does not differ from the total population. This null hypothesis must be rejected from the comparisons of data from the German microcensus of 1985, 1986 and 1987 and corresponding voluntary test sample surveys. The discrepancies are great in central demographic and socio-economic variables such as region of residence, community size, age, marital status, income and social security." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Social correlates of cigarette smoking cessation: findings from the 1995 microcensus survey in Germany.

BACKGROUND: An increasing percentage of smokers are quitting this unhealthy behavior during their life course. The aim of this study is to analyze which social factors play an important role regarding ex-smoking in Germany. METHODS: Data were derived from the 1995 German Microcensus, which is a representative survey for the population in Germany. Included in the analysis were 44,553 current smokers and 23,780 ex-smokers. The independent variables were education, occupational status, family status, unemployment/social welfare, household income, and community size. A two-stage statistical modeling procedure was used, initially to assess the most important effects of the independent variables on smoking cessation and secondly, to analyze the cumulative effects of the independent variables. RESULTS: The most striking effects observed for smoking cessation were family status and education. For example, in males aged 30 to 49 years, the percentages of ex-smokers of all ever smokers were 44.7% for married males with high education compared with only 14.6% for males with low education. The corresponding percentages for females were 44.0% and 17.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Such striking differences in the social polarization of smoking cessation in Germany demonstrate the importance of anti-smoking policies and new strategies that avoid a further increase in the social inequality of smoking behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Income and smoking behavior in Germany--a secondary analysis of data from the 1995 microcensus].

We investigated to what extent two major parameters of the economic situation, namely the household income and the type of the major source of income, are related to smoking behaviour. Study variables are current cigarette smoking and ex-smoking. Databasis is the Public Use File of the "Microcensus 1995", which is a representative survey for Germany, conducted under the auspices of the German Federal Statistical Bureau. Included in the analysis were 185,822 persons aged 18 years and older. 30.9% of males and 18.2% of females are current smokers. 39% of males and 31.2% of females, who had been smokers at any time, stopped smoking. For persons aged 18 to 64 years, we observed strong income-related differences in the smoking prevalence. The higher the income the lower was the rate of smokers. Higher rates for ex-smokers were observed for persons older than 30 years, who had a high household income. For study subjects with a primary income based on unemployment or social welfare payments, we found for both sexes a remarkably higher smoking prevalence. Due to the fact that the underlying causes for the higher prevalence of smoking in the poorer segments of the population are not very well understood, it is rather difficult to establish a comprehensive prevention strategy for this high-risk population group.

Adolescent↗