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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Ethanol intoxication as a function of genotype dependent responses in three inbred mice strains.

Three strains of mice, ICR Swiss, DBA/2J and C57Bl/6J were compared for initial sensitivity, recovery from intoxication, and acute tolerance development to ethanol. The The C57Bl/6J mice were found to be less sensitive and to recover more rapidly from the effects of the same dose of ethanol than the other two strains treated. None of the strains tested demonstrated acute tolerance to ethanol when given the same dose 3 hours later.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2001

Protective effect of Nocardia opaca lysozyme digest in experimental murine Candida albicans infections.

Candida albicans, as an opportunistic pathogen, causes therapeutic problems in immunocompetent individuals and frequently it initiates severe infections in immunocompromised hosts. The application of a lysozyme digest preparation from the cell walls of Nocardia opaca (Nocardia lysozyme digest; NLD), recently classified as Rhodococcus opacus, has a protective effect in intravenous (i.v.) C. albicans infections in inbred ICR mice which have normal complement production. It also significantly reduces i.v. and intraperitoneal (i.p.) infections in DBA/2 mice which are deficient in C5 complement component. A significant decrease in C. albicans recovery from kidneys was found in NLD-treated DBA/2 animals. The preparation enhanced delayed type hypersensitivity to the yeast cells in both mouse strains. C. albicans-induced popliteal lymph node reactions were increased in ICR mice. In addition, mouse splenocytes that had been inhibited in their proliferative response to phytohaemagglutinin had this response restored after exposure to the preparation. NLD decreased the sensitivity of both mouse strains to a second challenge with the pathogen. The preparation restored the impaired host response to C. albicans infection in ICR mice treated with cobra venom and cyclophosphamide.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Experimental infections of mice and pigs with Streptococcus suis type 2.

Five inbred strains of mice were tested for their susceptibility to Streptococcus suis type 2 including the type strain, two isolates from meningitis in pigs and two isolates from tonsils of clinically healthy pigs. C57BL/6, ICR and ddY strain mice showed lower susceptibility to all strains of S. suis type 2 than BALB/c and SS strain mice. The type strain and the isolates from diseased pigs produced septicaemia and meningitis in BALB/c and SS mice inoculated with 10(8) colony forming unit of the bacteria and 60 to 100% of these infected mice died. On the other hand, mice inoculated with the isolates from healthy pigs showed mild clinical signs but none of them died. In BALB/c mice which died or developed nervous signs, the purulent meningo-encephalitis, myocarditis, ophthalmitis, labyrinthitis and otitis media were observed. S. suis type 2 antigen was demonstrated in these lesions by immunoperoxidase staining using rabbit S. suis type 2 antiserum. These results were similar to those in the experimentally infected pigs with these virulent and avirulent strains against mice. These results indicate that BALB/c and SS strains of mice are useful as an experimental model of S. suis type 2 infections in pigs, and that there are virulent and avirulent strains against mice and pigs among the strains of S. suis type 2.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of bis(bilato)-1,2-cyclohexanediammineplatinum(II) complexes on lung metastasis of B16-F10 melanoma cells in mice.

New platinum(II) complexes, bis(bilato)-1,2-cyclohexanediammineplatinum(II) which were lipophilic and water-miscible, were tested for antitumor activity against lung nodules from intravenously injected B16-F10 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice by intravenous administration of the complexes in water suspension form. Among them, DACHP(litho)2 and DACHP(urso)2 had high antitumor activity but others had no activity. The antitumor activity of DACHP(urso)2 was increased significantly by injecting it three times; T/C was over 280% with 100-day survivors of 3 of 6 mice tested. Large amounts of total platinum were found in lung and liver tissues by atomic absorption spectroscopy after single intravenous injection of DACHP(urso)2 suspension in ICR mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of methylmercury chloride in B6C3F1 mice.

A 2-year feeding study of methylmercury chloride (MMC: 0, 0.4, 2, or 10 ppm) was conducted in B6C3F1 mice (60 mice of each sex/group) to compare chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity results with those for ICR mice from our previous study in which males of the 10-ppm group showed an increased incidence of renal tumors without any abnormal in-life parameters. In B6C3F1 mice of the 10-ppm group, neurotoxic signs characterized by posterior paralysis were observed in 33 males after 59 weeks and in 3 females after 80 weeks. In males, a marked increase in mortality and a remarkable decrease in body weight gain were observed after 60 weeks. Toxic encephalopathy consisting of neuronal necrosis of the brain and toxic peripheral sensory neuropathy were induced in both sexes in this group. Chronic nephropathy, testicular atrophy, and glandular stomach ulcer increased in incidence in the males; chronic nephropathy also increased in incidence in females. In proliferative lesions, there were significant increases in the incidence of renal adenoma and/or carcinoma (16/60) and tubular cell hyperplasia (14/60) in males of the 10-ppm group, as compared to the control group. The incidence of chronic nephropathy also increased in males of the 2-ppm group. The results of this study indicate that the susceptibility of B6C3F1 mice to renal toxicity and renal carcinogenicity is comparable to that of ICR mice, and B6C3F1 mice are more sensitive to the chronic neurotoxic effects of MMC than are ICR mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Anxiolytic and antidepressant-like activity of a standardized extract from Galphimia glauca.

An infusion prepared with aerial parts from Galphimia glauca has been widely used in Mexican traditional medicine as a remedy for nervous excitement. The sedative activity of a methanolic extract from this plant has been demonstrated by neuropharmacological tests. This effect was attributed to the nor-secotriterpene named galphimine B (GB). In the present work, the anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects of G. glauca methanolic extract (standardized on GB content, 8.3mg/g) were assayed by using the elevated plus-maze, light-dark test and the forced swimming paradigm, on ICR albino mice. This extract, administered orally, three times (24, 18 and 1h before the test), and in different doses (125, 250, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg) was able to increase significantly (p<0.05) the number of entries, as well as the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze, indicating an anxiolytic-like effect. A similar effect was observed in the light-dark paradigm test, the time spent in the light box was increased in treated mice. Nevertheless, this treatment was unable to change any parameter in the forced swimming test. Altogether, these results suggest an anxiolytic-like effect to the methanolic standardized extract of G. glauca on ICR inbred mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Susceptibility of germ-free mice to infectious megaenteron.

Germ-free (GF)-ICR mice were shown to be less susceptible to oral inoculation with a pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli 0115a, c: K(B) than GF-CF No.1 mice. In GF-CF No. 1 mice a large number of organisms were recovered from the intestinal wall from the cecum to the rectum 3 to 7 days after inoculation. Unlike those in GF-CF No. 1 mice, lesions in GF-ICR mice were localized in a part of the cecum and organisms were recovered only from the cecal wall and rarely from organs other than those of the alimentary tract. In both strains of mice, however, organisms were recovered in large number from the intestinal contents. Histopathology and immunofluorescence revealed organisms closely attached to the surface of the cecum, colon and rectal epithelia in GF-CF No. 1 mice but only in a part of the cecal epithelium in GF=ICR mice. After being in contact with conventional CF No. 1 mice for 21 days and then inoculated orally with the pathogenic E. coli, ex GF-CF No. 1 mice died within 14 days with severe intestinal lesions, but ex-GF-ICR mice survived without lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Immunization of mice with phosphatidylcholine drastically reduces the parasitaemia of subsequent Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi blood-stage infections.

It has been suggested that phospholipids and antibodies directed against phospholipids are important in the pathology of malaria. We have investigated the influence of immunizations with phospholipids on the course of subsequent blood-stage Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi infections in ICR inbred mice. We observed a significant reduction in the parasitaemia following immunization with phosphatidylcholine (PC), but not with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) immunization. At the peak of the infection, PC-immunized mice displayed a T-helper 2 (Th2)-type cytokine production pattern, whereas PE-immunized or non-treated controls displayed a cytokine production pattern of the T-helper 1 (Th1) type. Serum immunoglobulin transfer from PC-immunized mice protected naive mice in a similar fashion to PC-immunization, demonstrating that the observed reduction of parasitaemia was caused by the presence of PC-specific antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Teratogenic effects of sodium valproate in the Jcl: ICR mouse fetus.

Sodium valproate was administered to Jcl:ICR mice in order to evaluate its teratogenicity. A single dose of 600 mg/kg of sodium valproate was injected intraperitoneally on gestational day 6, 7, 8 or 9. On day 18 of gestation, dams were laparotomized, and live fetuses were inspected for the presence of external and internal abnormalities. Exencephaly and urogenital abnormalities showed the highest frequency in the group treated on day 8, being recognized in about 60% and 10% of live fetuses, respectively. Cardiovascular abnormalities were found in the highest frequency in the group treated on day 7 (in about 30% of live fetuses). Incidence of tail abnormality was found to increase with delay in day of drug administration. Other abnormalities observed were cleft palate and digital malformation. Our study showed that a constellation of major abnormalities similar to the congenital valproate syndrome suspected in humans could be produced in the Jcl:ICR mouse fetus.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1964

CORYNEBACTERIAL PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS IN MICE. I. COMPARATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF MOUSE STRAINS TO EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION WITH CORYNEBACTERIUM KUTSCHERI.

The susceptibility of mice to experimental infection with Corynebacterium kutscheri was studied by comparing the host response to this organism of mice obtained from 31 different colonies, representing 15 different genetic types. A standardized infective dose, administered intravenously, made it possible to separate the animals into two sharply differentiated groups. All the animals of the following colonies died: Swiss Lynch, Swiss R/J, A/Jax, Princeton, RFVL, and CF(1) (SPF). All the animals of the following colonies survived: CFW, ICR, Balb/C, BSVS, BRVR, RIII, YBR/He, DBA/2 (from 3 different colonies), and C57B1/6 (from 12 different colonies). The two highly inbred strains, Swiss Lynch and C57Bl/6, were selected as prototypes of susceptible and resistant animals respectively, for more detailed studies. Following injection of an infective dose of 0.2 x 10(-4) ml of culture of C. kutscheri, all Swiss Lynch animals died within 3 to 11 days (the majority within 4 to 7 days); whereas all C57Bl/6 animals survived. The outcome of the infection in each strain was independent of age and sex of the animals. In Swiss Lynch animals, the corynebacteria multiplied rapidly in lungs, liver, kidneys, and to some extent in the spleen. In C57Bl/6 mice, there was no increase of the corynebacterial population in the lungs, liver, or spleen, but multiplication occurred in the kidneys during the early phase of the infectious process with resultant abscess formation. However, the renal infection soon subsided leaving no residual pathology. C. kutscheri could not be recovered from any organs of C57Bl/6 mice sacrificed 16 days after infection. Homogenates of organs from Swiss Lynch mice obtained while the infection was progressing contained only typical C. kutscheri. In contrast, the lungs and livers of similarly infected C57Bl/6 animals occasionally yielded large numbers of small translucent colonies distinctly different from those of typical corynebacteria. The use of mouse strains differing markedly in response to experimental infection with C. kutscheri is presented as a biologic model lending itself to further studies concerning factors which condition resistance to corynebacterial pseudotuberculosis, a disease of practical importance for investigators conducting experiments with murine species.

Allergy and Immunology↗
PubMed1976

Effects of epinephrine and theophylline on lipolytic response in hereditary diabetic mice.

In non-obese but diabetic 15-week-old KK mice which showed fatty liver histopathologically, the content of liver lipids and the levels of blood glucose and plasma IRI were greater than those in the control ICR mice of the same age and were quite similar to those in GTG-obese mice. In 6-week-old KK mice which excreted no glycosuria and showed normal hepatic tissues, only plasma IRI level was slightly elevated as compared with that in the control mice. The cyclic 3',5'-AMP stimulators like epinephrine and theophylline exerted far less potent stimulatory effects on lipolytic activity in 6-week-old KK mice than in the control mice, as in diabetic 15-week-old KK mice and GTG-obese mice. Theophylline potentiated the lipolytic effect of epinephrine lineraly in KK mice, the tendency being different from that in the control mice, and only the submaximal rate was obtained. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of theophylline on PDE from the epididymal adipose tissue was less potent in 6-week-old KK mice than in healthy ICR mice of the same age.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1991

Diabetic environment and genetic predisposition as causes of congenital malformations in NOD mouse embryos.

Congenital malformations such as neural tube defects and a kinky or waved vertebral column were observed at higher incidence in embryos from nonobese diabetic (NOD) female mice with overt diabetes (NOD-D; 40.3%, P less than 0.005) or without overt diabetes (NOD-N; 8.4%, P less than 0.05) than in control Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mouse embryos (1%) at day 13 of gestation. In vivo and in vitro preimplantation development of NOD-N, NOD-D, and ICR embryos did not differ in rate of development, size, or morphology. Embryos cultured from one-cell to early blastocyst stage were mutually transferred to uterine horns of pseudopregnant females between NOD-D and ICR mice and examined at day 13 of gestation. There were significant decreases in ratios of implantation and of viable embryos in ICR embryos transferred to NOD-D recipients (52%, P less than 0.001 and 14%, P less than 0.001, respectively) compared with those ratios in ICR embryos transferred to ICR uteri (79.2 and 56.2%) or those in NOD-D embryos transferred to ICR uteri (70.3 and 33.1%). Furthermore, 18 of 45 viable ICR embryos transferred to NOD-D dams had malformations, whereas there were no malformations in 73 viable ICR embryos transferred to ICR recipients, suggesting deleterious effects of maternal diabetic environment to embryos. On the other hand, 8 of 58 viable NOD-D embryos that were cultured in vitro and transferred to ICR uteri had malformations such as neural tube defects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

In vitro and in vivo interferon production in NOD mice.

The production of interferon-alpha/beta (INF-alpha/beta) and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) in NOD and ICR mice was studied in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro IFN-alpha/beta production in the spleen cells of NOD mice, which were stimulated with either Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Sendai virus, poly(I:C) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was very similar to the IFN-alpha/beta production in the spleen cells of ICR mice. Contrastingly, the in vitro IFN-gamma production in the spleen cells of NOD mice, which were stimulated with either concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or pokeweed mitogen (PWM), was greater than the IFN-gamma production in spleen cells of ICR mice. The in vivo IFN-alpha/beta production in NOD mice induced by NDV was also very similar to that in ICR mice, whereas the in vivo IFN-gamma production in the BCG-sensitized NOD mice, which was induced by purified protein derivative (PPD), was greater than that in the ICR mice. These results may indicate that NOD mice have abnormalities on the IFN-gamma production.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Differences in hepatic fibrosis and granuloma size in several strains of mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.

Mice of several strains were exposed to Schistosoma japonicum cercariae and killed 6, 7, 10, or 15 weeks later. Hepatic fibrosis was consistently most marked in ICR mice and least marked in C57BL/6, A and C57BL/Ks mice. Intermediate degrees of fibrosis were present in C3H, CBA and Nmri mice. The size of circumoval granulomas also varied greatly among mouse strains but the degree of hepatic fibrosis was unrelated to granuloma size, indicating that the mechanisms regulating granuloma size may not be relevant to other important parameters of pathology induced by schistosome infection. The degree of fibrosis in S. japonicum-infected ICR mice is similar to that measured in S. japonicum-infected rabbits but is less than that in S. mansoni-infected mice.

Animals↗