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METRIC system.

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Metric System↗

Some lesser-known advantages of the metric system for acceleration research.

The metric system offers, due to its simplicity and uniformity, substantial advantages for the entire scientific community. To encourage those who may feel the the road to metrication is paved with agonizing frustrations, the author points out some lesser-known advantased of the metric system pertaining to acceleration research.

Acceleration↗

Attitudes toward the metric system 15 years later.

This follow-up study investigated whether attitudes toward the metric system have changed over the last 15 years. 132 subjects ranging in age from 18 to 45 years participated by filling out a 7-item survey designed to measure attitudes toward the metric system. Each survey item was scored using a 5-point rating, e.g., "the change to the metric system will create more problems than it solves," 1: strongly agree and 5: strongly disagree. Scores were compared to those obtained for a similar sample in 1983. Comparisons using t tests indicated no significant differences between attitude scores from 1983 to 1998 for either men (t64 = .95) or women (t133 = .06).

Adult↗

METRIC system.

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Humans↗

The introduction of the metric system in Dutch medicine 1820-1880.

The Netherlands went metric in 1820 and the medical sciences were supposed to follow suit, except for apothecaries weight, which was very close to the Anglo-Saxon variant and was not abolished before 1870. Doctors and pharmacists had opposed metric weights in pharmacy in 1820 because they were afraid of errors that could lead to loss of life. On the continent old local and Paris units were used in general medical science. It took many decades for the metric system to become predominant in trade and daily life. The same slow acceptance was reflected in the medical sciences. Before it began to make tentative inroads, the metric system was entirely ignored for at least 15 years by the Dutch medical professions. Articles and other texts in medical magazines illustrate this. The slow advance of metric was also hindered by international, especially German influences. The other European nations began to go metric from 1840 onwards and France was the first to do so. Under Napoleon Bonaparte France had reverted to old units for daily life and retail trade in 1812. When Germany, a nation with a profound influence on Dutch medical science, went metric in 1870, the ultimate collapse of the old units began. Their presence in magazines dwindled and branches of medical science such as obstetrics and ophtalmology went metric; the former changed slowly and without planning, the latter went metric after an international agreement in 1866.

History, 19th Century↗

[Endoscopic evaluation of esophageal varices. Comparison of a classic method and the metric system].

The authors compare 2 endoscopic systems of classification of esophageal varices size, one metric system and the classification by degrees, evaluated simultaneously in 70 endoscopic examinations of 53 patients with portal hypertension. They show that the classification by degrees is inadequate, especially in serial evaluation, for its inherent subjectivity, even when executed by one sole examiner. The metric system, under these circumstances, is less liable to change under the subjective influences and gives more exact reproductions, thus being recommended by the authors.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗