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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Toxicology and occupational hazards of new materials and processes in metal surface treatment, powder metallurgy, technical ceramics, and fiber-reinforced plastics.

Many new materials and processes are about to find their way from the research laboratory into industry. The present paper describes some of these processes and provides an overview of possible occupational hazards and a list of chemicals used or produced in the processes. The technological areas that are considered are metal surface treatment (ion implantation, physical and chemical vapor deposition, plasma spraying), powder metallurgy, advanced technical ceramics, and fiber-reinforced plastics.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1992

[The incidence of paraprofessional diseases in employees of the Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy in Kremikovtsi].

The health status of 200 workers from the Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy is studied in view of the harmful effect of the unfavourable factors of the working environment (noise, microclimate, toxic aerosols, gases and vapours). Internal examinations are also performed. A number of laboratory indices are determined in order to assess the liver and kidney functions. A complete blood test and lipid metabolism are examined. Lead and manganese are determined in blood by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry. In 23.5% of the examined are established data for arterial hypertension; with diseases of the gastric-intestinal tract are 22%. The influence of the toxic aerosols and the nervous and psychic loading of the examined workers on the higher prevalence of the paraoccupational diseases are discussed.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vitamin status of workers in steel-smelting departments of the Karaganda Metallurgy Plant].

The author investigated the vitamin status of workers engaged in steel-smelting at the Karaganda Metallurgy Plant. It was found that the workers of the main occupational groups at the plant were insufficiently provided with vitamins A, C and B due to their low content in the food. The system of medico-prophylactic vitamin administration used for steel workers is ineffective.

Avitaminosis↗
PubMed1992

[Assessment of total mutagenic activity of harmful factors of the industrial environment at the metallurgy plants of South Ural].

Harmful factors of the industrial environment of the steel plants are represented by sulfur- and arsenic-containing compounds, nitrogen and carbon oxides, aerosols of heavy and rare metals, fluorine compounds whose concentrations exceed the maximum allowable ones in the air of the working place. The results of the cytogenetic examination of metallurgists attest to the pronounced total mutagenic activity of unfavourable factors of the industrial environment, among which the key role is played by arsenic, fluorine and heavy metal compounds.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The characteristics of chronic bronchitis in workers in ferrous metallurgy enterprises].

Results of clinico-functional examination of workers of metallurgical plants confirmed early development and severe course of chronic bronchitis in this category of workers. The polyetiological aspect of chronic bronchitis is suggested. Changes of the pleura and pneumosclerosis which often accompany chronic bronchitis impede the differential diagnosis with interstitial form of pneumoconiosis. Diagnostic criteria of chronic bronchitis in metallurgists should be determined with consideration of concrete working conditions, endogenous factors of risk in the development of the disease and possible variants of the course.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1991

[The screening diagnosis of bronchitis and its premorbid states in the workers of the nonferrous metallurgy enterprises of the Arctic].

Mass screening diagnosis of the workers and employees engaged in nickel industry of the Noril'sk industrial region (n = 3049) according to the clinico-epidemiological program of the All-Union Research Institute of Pulmonology demonstrated a high incidence of chronic bronchitis (CB) and its preclinical conditions. The persons at risk for CB accounted for 41.5%, for prebronchitis for 23%, and those with CB for 19%. Among men, CB and its preclinical forms were demonstrable at a greater rate (63.7%). The disease prevalence depends on the time of residence in the Extreme North. Irregularity of the disease prevalence among different occupational groups is determined not only by the industrial and hygienic working conditions but also by the whole complex of ecological factors of the extreme region.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Physiological and hygienic evaluation of combined effects of harmful factors in metallurgy].

The quantitative assessment of a compound action of hazardous industrial factors in combination with workload with the technique of multiple discrete correlative-regressive analysis, contributes to the evaluation of their relative hygienic involvement along the major functional state indices. The results proved to be indispensable for the substantiation and elaboration of preventive measures.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of the course of gastroduodenal diseases in metallurgy workers].

Questionnaires were distributed among 1500 heat treatment metallurgic workers and 612 workers engaged in normal temperature working conditions. The former group had a markedly higher level of gastroduodenal damages. The risk-factors, apart from the behavioral ones, included working in shifts, irregular nutrition. The major diseases were gastroduodenitis with ulcerous clinical manifestations, and high-degree acid formation and consequent pathologic developments in the antral section of the stomach and the duodenal bulb.

Adult↗