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Results for “Maxillofacial Abnormalities”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Dental and maxillofacial abnormalities in long-term survivors of childhood cancer: effects of treatment with chemotherapy and radiation to the head and neck.

Sixty-eight long-term survivors of childhood cancer were evaluated for dental and maxillofacial abnormalities. Forty-five patients had received maxillofacial radiation for lymphoma, leukemia, rhabdomyosarcoma, and miscellaneous tumors. Forty-three of the 45 patients and the remaining 23 who had not received maxillofacial radiation also received chemotherapy. Dental and maxillofacial abnormalities were detected in 37 of the 45 (82%) radiated patients. Dental abnormalities comprised foreshortening and blunting of roots, incomplete calcification, premature closure of apices, delayed or arrested tooth development, and caries. Maxillofacial abnormalities comprised trismus, abnormal occlusal relationships, and facial deformities. The abnormalities were more severe in those patients who received radiation at an earlier age and at higher dosages. Possible chemotherapeutic effects in five of 23 patients who received treatment for tumors located outside the head and neck region comprised acquired amelogenesis imperfecta, microdontia of bicuspid teeth, and a tendency toward thinning of roots with an enlarged pulp chamber. Dental and maxillofacial abnormalities should be recognized as a major consequence of maxillofacial radiation in long-term survivors of childhood cancer, and attempts to minimize or eliminate such sequelae should involve an effective interaction between radiation therapists, and medical and dental oncologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Dental and maxillofacial abnormalities following treatment of malignant tumours in children.

There is a wide range of malignant tumours with an embryonic origin that can affect children in their early childhood including Rhabdomyosarcoma, Osteosarcoma, Chloroma, Retinoblastoma and neuroblastoma. Different protocols have been developed over the past years to treat these tumours and different combinations of radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy were used. This improved the survival rate considerably. This treatment has a marked effect on growth of soft and hard tissues in the affected regions of the head and face, leading to facial and dental abnormalities that become evident with growth. The great effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on craniofacial skeletal growth should be considered in all cases undergoing treatment for tumours. The resulting dental and maxillofacial abnormalities should be expected in all cases and its management require involvement of different members of the medical team including maxillofacial surgeon, restorative dentist, orthodontist, psychologist, dietician, speech therapist, the patient and the parents in order to achieve maximum results. This paper presents four patients who underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for treatment of embryonic tumours and discusses the main side effects of the treatment.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[ADAM complex--maxillofacial abnormalities and abnormalities of the extremities caused by amniotic strangulations].

The anomalies of the ADAM complex arise through amniotic strangulations, adhesions and amputations. In the face cleft formations, displacements and deformities of various structures occur. The limbs exhibit constriction grooves, secondary syndactyle or amptuations. According to observations on 8 patients and information from the literature, the presentation of Adam complexes can vary to an extraordinary degree. The anomalies result from exogenous influences. In genetic counselling phenotypically similar congenital malformations must be separated.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

Sleep apnoea syndrome associated with maxillofacial abnormalities.

Four cases with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) are presented. They consisted of two cases with TMJ ankylosis with micrognathia, one case with Treacher Collins Syndrome, and one case with the Long Face Syndrome. Standard and specific cephalometric parameters were obtained to detect the site of the obstruction. Polysomnographic studies yielded information regarding the patient's sleep-wake state, respiratory and cardiac functioning, pre- and post-operatively. A temporary tracheostomy corrected the symptoms in one patient but the syndrome recurred when it was closed. Surgical correction of the maxillofacial anomalies will re-establish normal sleep patterns preventing OSAS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Maxillofacial abnormalities of syndromes of the 1st branchial arch].

Hemifacial microsomia and Treacher Collins syndrome are the most frequent among the first and second branchial arch syndromes to include anomalies of the facial skeleton. Hemifacial microsomia is almost always unilateral and is characterised by hypoplasia or agenesis of the mandibular ramus. Treacher Collins syndrome is always bilateral and involves specifically the zygomatic bones. The treatment of skeletal anomalies is seldom started before 10-12 years of age, except in severe form with major aesthetic impairment. Such cases are treated at the beginning of school age, on and after 6-8 years. Several operations, including osteotomies of the jaws and bone grafts, are usually necessary to achieve an acceptable result.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of maxillofacial vascular abnormalities with Tc-99m RBC.

Three-phase scintigraphy using Tc-99m RBC was performed in seven patients with vascular abnormalities of the maxillofacial region. Scintigraphy was able to distinguish whether the lesions had increased perfusion (three patients) or only a large venous component (four patients), and thus helped in assessing the best route for contrast angiography. In four patients a recurrence was suspected. In one, a follow-up Tc-99m RBC study showed successful embolization therapy and no recurrence, and in three patients it showed early recurrence of the lesion. The results of this report indicate the value of Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy in the management of patients with vascular abnormalities of the maxillofacial region.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Modern imaging of maxillofacial deformities].

Facial malformations make a wide chapter of maxillofacial abnormalities whose treatment needs an accurate clinical-instrumental analysis to quantify malformation entity and to agree on precise lesion classification and subsequent management. Maxillofacial abnormalities are classified as congenital, growth-related and acquired. Congenital deformities include the alterations present at birth, i.e., craniofacial stenosis, oto-mandibular syndrome. Treacher-Collins and Goldenhar syndrome, facial clefts and lip-palate clefts. Growth-related malformations include the deformities appearing during growth and which are called maxillary dysmorphosis, e.g., hemimandibular hyperplasia, prognathism, maxillary hypoplasia, etc. Acquired malformations are those remaining after trauma or cancer surgery and those which are secondary to fibrous dysplasias of the craniofacial complex. May 1990 through May 1993, forty-two patients with different malformations were examined. The malformations secondary to cancer surgery were not included in our series. A radiologic study including conventional skull radiography, teleradiography and panoramic tomography had been performed for preliminary assessment before axial CT studies and 2D and 3D reconstructions. As for our series, in 20 patients coventional radiology was exhaustive to diagnose the disorder and to supply essential elements for treatment planning while axial CT and 3D reconstructions added no further piece of information. Only in the most complex malformations and in all cases of congenital malformations was axial CT needed to assess the type, extent and entity of the malformations allowing both the diagnosis and adequate surgical planning.

Adolescent↗