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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Neurotrophins and their receptors in rat peripheral trigeminal system during maxillary nerve growth.

We examined the expression of the neurotrophins (NTFs) and their receptor mRNAs in the rat trigeminal ganglion and the first branchial arch before and at the time of maxillary nerve growth. The maxillary nerve appears first at embryonic day (E)10 and reaches the epithelium of the first branchial arch at E12, as revealed by anti-L1 immunohistochemistry. In situ hybridization demonstrates, that at E10-E11, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) mRNA is expressed mainly in the mesenchyme, but neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) mRNA in the epithelium of the first branchial arch. NGF and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNAs start to be expressed in the distal part of the first brachial arch shortly before its innervation by the maxillary nerve. Trigeminal ganglia strongly express the mRNA of trkA at E10 and thereafter. The expression of mRNAs for low-affinity neurotrophin receptor (LANR), trkB, and trkC in trigeminal ganglia is weak at E10, but increases by E11-E12. NT-3, NT-4, and more prominently BDNF, induce neurite outgrowth from explant cultures of the E10 trigeminal ganglia but no neurites are induced by NGF, despite the expression of trkA. By E12, the neuritogenic potency of NGF also appears. The expression of NT-3 and NT-4 and their receptors in the trigeminal system prior to target field innervation suggests that these NTFs have also other functions than being the target-derived trophic factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Dissemination of wild-type and gC-, gE-and gI-deleted mutants of Aujeszky's disease virus in the maxillary nerve and trigeminal ganglion of pigs after intranasal inoculation.

Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) is a well known neurotropic virus in pigs. In the present study the mechanism of spread of ADV along the maxillary nerve and the role of the viral envelope glycoproteins gC, gE and gI in this process was examined in pigs. The Ka parental strain of ADV and its gC-, gE- and gI-deleted mutants were inoculated intranasally in pigs, after which virus dissemination in the maxillary nerve and the trigeminal ganglion was monitored at time intervals by means of virus isolation. The parental strain was isolated from both the nasal mucosa and the trigeminal ganglion at 21 h post-inoculation (p.i.), whereas the middle part of the connecting maxillary nerve was positive only after 48 h p.i. It appears, therefore, that ADV travels from the nasal mucosa via the nerve towards the ganglion in a non-infectious form, and then replicates in the neuronal somas, after which infectious virus is transported towards the nasal mucosa. Although all mutants were present at 48 h p.i. in the nasal mucosa and the trigeminal ganglion, the appearance of infectious virus in the maxillary nerve was clearly delayed with gE- and gI- mutants. It is suggested that glycoproteins gE and gI are involved in the axonal transport of infectious ADV away from neuronal cell bodies, also called anterograde transport.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Maxillary nerve block anaesthesia via the greater palatine canal: a modified technique and case reports.

A modification of the technique of maxillary nerve block (via the greater palatine canal) is discussed. This technique has been employed in the Exodontia and Oral Surgery Clinics of the United Dental Hospital of Sydney for more than 40 years. Clinical experience in that time has shown that once the greater palatine canal has been negotiated successfully, the palatal canal approach to the maxillary nerve is safe and reliable. The value of being able to anaesthetize the maxillary nerve and its branches is illustrated by the presentation of two clinical cases where local anaesthesia was achieved and the extractions performed in patients who would otherwise have required a general anaesthetic for the procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Maxillary nerve involvement in bacterial endocarditis.

A case of right maxillary nerve paresthesia during an active phase of bacterial endocarditis probably due to embolic occlusion of the nerve's vascular supply is reported. The authors suggest that infective endocarditis be considered as a rare but potential cause of unexplained trigeminal nerve branch lesions, and that such lesions be sought in cases of established endocarditis.

Embolism↗
PubMed1995

Maxillary nerve block: a case report and review of the intraoral technique.

Maxillary nerve blockade is not commonly used by general practitioners due to a lack of experience with the techniques involved and the fear of iatrogenic damage. Nevertheless, it represents an excellent method of producing profound anesthesia in the maxilla, with definite indications in selected instances. The anatomy and techniques associated with the maxillary block, as well as the indications, contraindications and complications are reviewed, and the use of the greater palatine foramen approach to treat a patient with a facial abscess is described.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of histamine on the action potential of the maxillary nerve in rabbits].

The significant enhancement of action potential as recorded from rabbit maxillary nerve with topically applied 1.0 mmol/L histamine on the nasal mucosa was completely blocked by pretreatment with diphenhydramine (H1 antagonist) but not with cimetidine (H2 antagonist). This fact gives new support to the concept that histamine exerts its pathological effect on nasal mucosa at least partly via an afferent nervous pathway of the trigeminal nerve.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1994

Choristoma of the intracranial maxillary nerve in a child. Case report.

This report describes what the authors believe to be the first reported case of choristoma of the intracranial maxillary nerve. This 12-year-old girl presented with a 5-year history of severe isolated left-sided trigeminal neuralgia. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass below the anterior portion of the left cavernous sinus, enlarging the foramen rotundum. Total resection was achieved via a pterional extradural approach. Histological examination revealed a choristoma composed of smooth-muscle fibers. The histogenesis of these tumors when they develop in a nerve remains unclear. They may represent abnormal migration or proliferation of neuroectodermal tissue in or close to a peripheral nerve. Total removal of these tumors should be attempted at initial diagnosis.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1993

Maxillary nerve block via the greater palatine canal: new look at an old technique.

Although not widely used, maxillary nerve block via the greater palatine canal can be remarkably effective. This article is aimed at reviving its use by reviewing the indications, contraindications, and anatomy of the technique. A simplified guide to the technique is offered to place the technique within the armamentarium of the practicing dentist.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1980

Fibers of trigeminal mesencephalic neurons in the maxillary nerve of the rat.

Indirect Wallerian degeneration after sectioning the infraorbital nerve, and retrograde axonal transport following injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the maxillary nerve were studied in rats. These experiments showed the existence of primary trigeminal neurons in the pars caudalis of the ipsilateral trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus and in the supratrigeminal nucleus of Lorente de Nó. Such neurons were interpreted as being responsible for the sensitive innervation of the periodontal membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Cation-binding sites in trigeminal ganglia and maxillary nerve: unusual reactivity of perikarya, stem axons and satellite cells.

We have used the cupric/ferrocyanide reaction to study cation-binding in trigeminal ganglia and maxillary nerve of adult rats. Unmyelinated axons did not react, whereas myelinated axons were stained at nodal, paranodal or cleft sites. At 'nodal' sites, metallic deposits were found in the axoplasm, along the axolemma, and at the extracellular interfaces of the paranodal myelin. At 'paranodal' sites, particles were concentrated in the paranodal axoplasm and in the intracellular spaces of the myelin loops. Most maxillary axons examined at successive sites had all nodal or all paranodal staining, but 13 of 51 had a mixture. In trigeminal ganglia there was no staining of perineurial sheath, endoneurial cells or mast cells. Satellite cells and their basal laminae were prominently stained, with those around small neurons more reactive than those of large neurons. Patches of neuronal membrane on cell bodies were stained, more often for small than large neurons. The axon hillock and proximal stem axon were not stained in some cases, but approximately half the neurons had staining of perikaryal cytoplasm at the axon hillock or a dense asymmetric band in the proximal stem axon. Strong intraaxonal staining was found at the junction between unmyelinated proximal and myelinated distal stem axon. In distal stem axons, staining was found at the first myelin segment and at each successively thicker myelin segment; staining was mostly weak and paranodal, with intensity proportional to myelin thickness. The T-junction between stem and main myelinated axon had nodal or paranodal patterns; unmyelinated T-junctions were not stained. The varied cation-binding patterns in trigeminal ganglia show unusual properties of satellite cells and important differences between stem and main axons. The results that the cell membrane of axon hillock and proximal stem regions of many sensory large and small neurons may have numerous sodium channels and could affect signal propagation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Neurotropic melanoma of the face invading the maxillary nerve.

Neurotropic melanoma is a variant of desmoplastic melanoma which, in addition to a spindle-cell vertical component and fibrosis, exhibits a fascicular growth pattern and invades cutaneous nerves. Here we describe a neurotropic melanoma which arose in a small lentigo maligna melanoma and invaded the maxillary nerve for a distance of 5 cm. Ultrastructural features were similar to those of previously described neurotropic melanomas and tumor fascicles contained S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase immunoreactivity.

Facial Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anatomy of extraoral block anesthesia of the maxillary nerve (precoronoid approach)].

The authors measured with sliding-calliper of 0.01 mm of accuracy bi-zigio distance and the distance between the foramen rotundum and vertex of the angle formed by the anterior border of the coronoid process with the lower border of the zygomatic bone. The sample was 160 brazilian adults skulls (50% male and 50% female). Using the Pearson's correlation they found the following results: 1) The positive correlation was reasonably strong in male at the right side between the maximal width of the face and the ideal depth, to reach with an injection needle, the maxillary nerve in the pterigopalatine fossa. 2) The correlation was moderately positive in male sex at the left side and in female at both sides. The formula of the line of regression found was: [table: see text]

Adult↗