Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Marriage--changes”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

The ambiguity of lesbian and gay marriages: change and continuity in the symbolic order.

The article discusses the Registered Partnership Act, passed in Norway in 1993, which has given gay and lesbian couples a right to register their relationship and to obtain many of the legal rights that heterosexual couples have. The article argues that the introduction of the Act is a product of, among others, cohabitation having become more legitimate as a life-form also among heterosexuals. The practical consequences of the Act have been modest, with relatively few couples having registered their relationship. The article suggests that the symbolic rather than the practical aspects of the Act have been important, and even then, the symbolic effect of the Act is equivocal. The new formal rights of gays and lesbians are of decreasing social and symbolic value, as new boundaries for legitimate life-forms are being demarcated elsewhere: While legislation on marriage concedes that personal relationships are a private matter, the right to have and to foster children is regarded as an issue where society at large should have a say. This view is also reflected in the restrictions that the Registered Partnership Act has placed on gay and lesbian couples in having children of their own.

Family↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abandoning the retentionist model: family and marriage change among the East Indians in rural Trinidad.

East Indian family life in rural Trinidad is usually analyzed within the framework of the retentionist model, which holds that the East Indians have successfully retained the basic institutions of their home culture. A restudy of Felicity village demonstrates that the model underestimates the impact of social and economic developments on family and marriage life in this community because it focuses mainly on ideal patterns of culture.

Culture↗
PubMed1995

The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: a review of theory, method, and research.

Although much has been learned from cross-sectional research on marriage, an understanding of how marriages develop, succeed, and fail is best achieved with longitudinal data. In view of growing interest in longitudinal research on marriage, the authors reviewed and evaluated the literature on how the quality and stability of marriages change over time. First, prevailing theoretical perspectives are examined for their ability to explain change in marital quality and stability. Second, the methods and findings of 115 longitudinal studies--representing over 45,000 marriages--are summarized and evaluated, yielding specific suggestions for improving this research, Finally, a model is outlined that integrates the strengths of previous theories of marriage, accounts for established findings, and indicates new directions for research on how marriages change.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changing family structure in a modernizing society: a study of marriage patterns in a single Muslim village in Israel.

Among 1,875 couples from one Muslim village, 374 (20%) marriages were between first cousins. Among women born after 1920, the highest rates of first-cousin marriages were observed among those born between 1940-1959 (26%) and this pattern declined in the last two decades. The majority of first-cousin marriages were between offspring of brothers. Analyzed by 20-year periods, the pattern of first-cousin marriages changed as the proportion of marriages between brothers' children decreased from 75% to 44%. Over the study period, more than 70% of marriages were between individuals born in the village and related to some degree. Examination of the marriages in which both spouses were born in the village demonstrated a preference to marry within the extended family; 68% of the women married a man with the same family name. Since the creation of the Israeli State, there have been significant changes among Israeli-Arab citizens. However, these data demonstrate that the tradition of marrying a relative remains central, although some changes in marriage preference have occurred.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1995

Influence of industrialisation on marital behaviour in Beduído (Estarreja), Portugal.

From marriage records of a Northern Portuguese parish for 1900-80, endogamy and exogamy rates were calculated for birthplace and residence in order to analyse the effect of industrialisation on the population structure after 1940. Marriages that were endogamous relative to birthplace decreased between 1940-49 (58.9%) and 1988 (20.5%), while exogamy increased. Exogamous marriages in which people came from outside the municipality (51.92%) were greater than those of the surrounding region (42.04%). After industrialisation, the pattern of marriages changed for residence, with an increase in the number of individuals who came from the district to work in the factories and married. Industrialisation advanced the start of exogamy which, for most Portuguese populations, began later, in the 1960s.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pitcairn Island: fertility and population growth, 1790-1856.

The hybrid English-Tahitian community which lived on Pitcairn Island between 1790 and 1856 exhibited a high population growth (3% overall). Unlike some other isolated groups, they did not live long lives (expectation of life at birth was 50.4 years overall for both sexes combined), but infant mortality, at 5.5% of births is lower than might have been expected. The level of marital fertility on Pitcairn was extremely high, higher even than for the Hutterites. Although births outside marriage were uncommon, brides were frequently pregnant at marriage. Age at first marriage changed markedly in response to changes in the community. There is some evidence that premarital sex became more frequent, possibly as an adjustment to Tahitian behavioural norms within the community's English religious ethic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Primipaternities in families: is the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders in multigravidas an anthropological marker of reproduction?

Pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders (and especially preeclampsia) remain nowadays the major problem of human reproduction as it occurs in at least 10% of all world population births. It is a major cause of maternal-fetal mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries. This disease was until recently classically considered as a disease of primigravidas with little recurrence in multigravidas. Nevertheless, recent evidences in the last half decade suggest that this disease is indeed a disease of first pregnancies, but at the level of a couple (primipaternity) rather than only the mother's side (primigravidity). Therefore, multigravidas share the risk with primigravidas in case of conception with a new partner. We expose the biological plausibility of this new approach (immunogenetic factors), and propose its epidemiological consequences with proposals of future research for health workers or demographers working at the level of populations. If pregnancy-induced disorders are disease of new couples, then their patterns are probably very different according to the broad reproductive patterns existing among different cultures (contraception, matrifocality or patrifocality, age at marriage, changes of reproductive partners et cetera).

Female↗
PubMed1990

[The correlating factors affecting nursing personnel resignation in an university hospital].

Demographic characteristics of 1080 university hospital nursing personnel were studied from January 1979 to December 1987. These characteristics included age, marital status, number of children and educational background. Among them, 457 nurses have resigned, while others remain in service. We evaluated the correlations between resignation and various demographic characteristics and the reasons for resignation. This would provide valuable references for nursing recruitment and hospital administration. Our analysis revealed that the reasons for resignation are in the following order: Transfer to governmental hospital, advanced study, marriage, change of occupation, transfer to teaching, personal problems, medical corps to Saudi-Arabia, family responsibilities, and relocation to other cities. Regarding to demographic characteristics, both educational background and marital status affected the reasons for resignation. The average length of service time for nurses who resigned was 30.0 +/- 29.59 months. There are significant differences among the age, marital status, number of children and educational background. The nurses between the age of 21 and 30 years old, (79%) had the highest rate of resignation (45.64%). Those below the age of 20 had the shortest service time, while those above 30 years old had the longest service time. The married nurses also had a longer service time than the single ones. Those who had children had a longer service time compared to those without children. In view of their educational background, those with a bachelor degree had the shortest service time (16.8 +/- 10.3 months) and the highest rate of resignation (71.1%). Our analysis indicates that professional license and location of residence also affected the reasons for resignation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Age patterns of women at marriage, cohabitation, and first birth in India.

The purpose of this paper has been to examine the age patterns of Indian women at marriage, cohabitation, and first birth. This task is complicated by features of the Indian marriage institution that differentiate it from the institution of marriage in Western cultures. It is also complicated by the diversity of Indian marriage customs and by the possibility that Indian marriage patterns have changed over time. Nevertheless, our analysis of survey data for two districts in south central India support the following conclusions: Marriage and childbearing have been and continue to be universal. The timing of marriage and childbearing, which showed only a small increase over a fairly long period of time, appears more recently to be undergoing some changes in the direction of longer delays. The significant rural-urban differences in marriage and fertility timing are at least partly the result of the greater impact of education on age at marriage, cohabitation, and first birth in urban areas than in rural areas. Observed characteristics such as religion and education explain more variation in women's marriage and fertility timing in urban areas than in rural areas (i.e., education seems to generate new social norms that tend to displace norms derived from tradition. The incidence of childhood marriages and two-stage marriages has been on the decline, causing the small but noticeable rise in age at marriage to exceed somewhat the increase in age at cohabitation. Age patterns of marriage in India do not closely resemble Western patterns, although age patterns of cohabitation and first birth do. And socioeconomic variables appear to explain less variation in marriage and fertility timing within local communities than across communities. Most important, the results highlight the need for more recent and richer data on marriage and fertility behavior in India. In particular, they strongly suggest that marriage patterns in India are now in the midst of major changes. This conclusion is similar to that reached by Caldwell, Reddy, and Caldwell (1983), who adopted a more qualitative approach to analyzing marriage change than ours, but whose observations are also more recent than ours. Through the collection and analysis of more recent and geographically widespread data, we can begin to assess more fully the nature and magnitude of the demographic changes under way and speculate on their implications for population growth, economic development, and the formulation of public policy in India.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A view of delayed parenting: some implications of a new trend.

The voluntary postponement of childbearing until after age 30 has become much more common, especially as new opportunities for women have emerged. Little is understood about the psychological impact on parenting and on children of women's reordering of priorities with greater emphasis on work outside the home. The assumption is made and corroborated that older mothers, who have developed competence in the world before childbearing, bring to the mothering experience strengths and shortcomings different from those of their younger counterparts. The same is assumed to be true of fathers. In a study of "on time" and delayed parenting, we found older mothers with established careers to be generally more accepting and less conflicted in the parenting role than were younger professional women. They revealed strengths which were concomitant with their level of maturity and which seemed generally advantageous for their children's development. This study suggests the need for further inquiry into the profound impact on children of parental developmental achievements and indicates that the controversy about working versus nonworking mothers may be of much less importance than an understanding of adult development and its impact on the quality of parenting.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Marriage and its transition in Bangladesh.

The author examines developments in marriage patterns in Bangladesh in light of social, cultural, and economic conditions. Previous literature on the subject is used to discuss Muslim marriage, Hindu marriage, child marriage, mate selection and social mobility, and the question of a marriage squeeze. "The analysis presents evidence that the society is experiencing a change in its family formation, mating process and family type. This transition is to some extent towards the characteristics of [the] Western World, but in a poor economy. Part of this transition is due to the effect of modernization and part due to increasing poverty."

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Family formation and dissolution: the two transitions].

"The position is defended which considers the changes in fertility, family formation and dissolution since the previous century as expressions of two separate transitions. The first corresponds with a period of increased qualitative aspirations within the nuclear family, whereas the second transition, carried by the postwar generations, is the expression of growing secular individualism and the preoccupation with self-fulfilment. This corresponds largely with the view held by the French historian Ph. Aries." The geographical focus is on developed countries, primarily non-Communist Europe. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE)

Attitude↗