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Results for “Mandibular Fractures”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comprehensive surgical management of mandibular fractures.

Mandibular fractures are common facial injuries. Classifications are combined and correlated with specific treatment modalities. Combined classification of fractures indicates the difficulty of treatment required. Many surgical techniques have been used and accepted as proper methods for reduction and fixation of mandibular fractures. Most studies advocate one technique as superior to others. The range of procedures now available include observation, closed reduction with maxillomandibular fixation, transoral reduction, intraosseous wire fixation, miniplate rigid osseous fixation, compression rigid osseous fixation, and external skeletal fixation. Our evaluation of the specific advantages of each modality indicates that selection of a specific procedure is individualized according to combined classification of the mandibular fracture, the surgical procedure's advantages and disadvantages, the patient's desires, and the surgeon's ability and clinical judgment. Case presentations demonstrate the principles involved in comprehensive surgical management of mandibular fractures. The techniques advocated produce anatomic reduction and restoration of physiologic function and aesthetics, with rare complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Experience with the treatment of mandibular fractures.

Mandibular fractures belong to the most frequent injuries of the facial skeleton. The present study is a report on 770 patients treated from 1977 to 1986 at the Third Clinic of Stomatology with special regard to healing complications and their causes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Subcondylar mandibular fracture].

Mandibular fractures are frequent lesions which are classified into 6 groups according to the site of the fracture. Condylar fractures are primarily due to a direct blow to the symphysis menti. Medical imaging must be able to identify the type of fracture, its intra- or extra-articular site and the associated displacement of the condyle, the fundamental element in deciding treatment. The action of the masticatory muscles on one of the bone fragments may be responsible for an unstable fracture, leading to disturbances of consolidation (pseudarthrosis). Anterior bilateral fractures can be life-threatening due to ptosis of the tongue.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Radiographic evaluation of the fate of developing tooth buds on the fracture line of mandibular fractures.

PURPOSE: The goal was to suggest guidelines for the treatment of developing tooth buds located on the fracture line of mandibular fractures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The long-term radiographic follow-up records of 28 patients with mandibular fractures involving 66 tooth buds were examined for the occurrence of abnormalities in development or eruption. The fates of the involved teeth were compared according to the fracture conditions and other factors, and the cause of the abnormalities was surveyed. RESULTS: Abnormal findings were observed in 30 of 66 developing teeth (45%); these included deficient root formation, abnormal bend of the root, nodule formation on the root, partial obliteration of the pulp cavity, impaction, growth arrest, and external resorption. No relationship was found between the presence of abnormalities and the condition of the fracture or the developmental stage of the tooth buds. However, infection, rotation of the tooth bud, and a surgical wire passing through the follicular space were associated with arrested growth and impaction. CONCLUSIONS: The tooth buds present on the fracture line should be preserved except in cases of infection, and careful attention should be paid to avoiding further injury to the tooth bud and the soft tissues of the follicle at the time of surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[The relationship between the fracture site and etiology in mandibular fractures].

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the fracture site and etiology in mandibular fractures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 37 patients (61 fracture sites) (29 males, 8 females; mean age 26 years; range 1.5 to 77 years) who underwent surgical treatment for mandibular fractures between May 2001 and November 2003. Data on epidemiological characteristics of patients, etiology and fracture sites were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Of the patient group, 51.3% had a single, 48.6% had two or more fractures. Seventy-five percent of the assault victims had more than one fracture site. Motor vehicle accidents accounted for 36% of all the fracture sites. The most common locations of the fractures according to the etiology were as follows: fractures caused by motor vehicle accidents at the parasymphyseal area, by falls at the condyle, and by assaults at the parasymphyseal and angular areas. All the fractures resulting from bicycle accidents occurred at the condyle area. CONCLUSION: It is advisable to be more attentive for condyle fractures when confronted with any etiology of mandibular fractures. Etiology may be suggestive of the fracture site(s).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The fate of developing teeth in facial trauma: tooth buds in the line of mandibular fractures in children.

Mandibular fractures in children present the surgeon with a unique set of considerations. Tooth buds within the body and ramus of the mandible restrict the type of surgical intervention that may be used. In addition, the fate of nonerupted dentition in the direct line of the fracture remains unclear. Between July 1985 and June 1990, 30 patients in deciduous or mixed dentition presented with a total of 45 mandibular fractures. Of these 45 fractures, 33% (n = 15) involved 16 nonerupted teeth. Age at the time of fracture was 6.0 +/- 2.3 years (mean +/- SD). Thirty-three percent of patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation of fractures; 67% of patients were treated with closed reduction and either intermaxillary fixation or a lingual splint. Normal eruption was exhibited by 82% (n = 9) of the tooth buds in the line of mandibular fracture. The results of this study indicate the following: (1) Mandibular fractures in children involve unerupted teeth directly in one-third of cases. (2) The majority of tooth buds (82%) in the line of mandibular fractures eventually erupt normally. And (3) a significant percentage of dentition (18%) may exhibit either delayed eruption or noneruption with resorption of the tooth bud if directly involved in the line of fracture.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ultraphonophoresis and photophoresis of chondroxide ointment in combined treatment of mandibular fractures].

Efficacy of mandibular fractures treatment with laser irradiation, ultrasound therapy, photophoresis and ultraphonophoresis of 5% chondroxide oitment in 108 patients with mandibular fractures was studied. Physicopharmacological and clinical investigations showed perspectiveness of using photophoresis and ultraphonophoresis of chondroxide in maxillofacial traumatology for treatment of mandibular fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Enteral feeding by nasogastric tube in mandibular fracture osteosynthesis].

INTRODUCTION: Mandibular fractures are among the most common fractures of the face; their treatment consists in a reduction by intermaxillary blocking then miniplate osteosynthesis. In our unit we systematically insert a nasogastric tube for enteral feeding to improve nutrition and to protect healing. Since the beginning of 2002, a series of patients operated for simple mandibular fractures were fed immediately after the operation by a semiliquid food. The purpose of this work is to verify the real advantage of enteral feeding by nasogastric tube in patients operated for simple fractures of the mandible. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This retrospective study includes all the patients operated for closed fractures of the toothed portion of the mandible from January 1999 to October 2003. There were two series, a first series of patients operated between 1999 and 2002 fed by nasogastric tube until mouth healing and the second series of patients operated between 2002 and 2003 fed by mixed oral-enteral nutrition from the first postoperative day. We analyzed demographic features, time between trauma and operation, type of fracture, feeding modalities, duration of use of the nasogastric tube, duration of hospital stay and postoperative complications. RESULTS: A total of 111 patients were included in the study. The first group of 81 patients fed by nasogastric tubes included 19 women and 62 men with an average age of 29.7 years (from 15 to 81 years). The average time from trauma to operation was 2.3 days (0 to 5 days), the feeding by nasogastric tubes was maintained 5.9 days after the operation (4 to 12 days), the average hospital stay was 7.2 days (5 to 13 days). Eleven immediate complications were observed (13.6%). The second group of 30 patients fed orally the day after the intervention included 7 women and 23 men. The average time from trauma to operation was 2.2 days (0 to 7 days), the average hospital stay was 2.5 days (2 to 3 days). One complication was observed (3.3%). DISCUSSION: Immediate oral feeding the day after the operation for simple closed mandibular fractures provides certain comfort for the patient by avoiding the inconveniences of nasogastric feeding tubes without increasing the rate of postoperative complications such as disunion, delayed healing or infection. The hospital stay is significant shortened, enabling a real cost savings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Bone morphogenetic protein 3 expression pattern in rat condylar cartilage, femoral cartilage and mandibular fracture callus.

Mandibular condylar cartilage differs from primary cartilage in morphological organization of the chondrocytes and in responses to biomechanical stress and humoral factors. For the first time, we describe the expression of Bmp3 mRNA in relation to types I, II and X collagen mRNA (as determined by in situ hybridization) in chondrocytes of the rat mandibular condylar cartilage, femoral articular cartilage, femoral growth plate cartilage, and temporal cartilage, which transiently appeared in the reparative response stage of mandibular ramus fracture healing. In all cartilages evaluated, Bmp3 was expressed in proliferating chondrocytes that expressed type I collagen in condylar cartilage, articular cartilage, and temporal cartilage appearing during fracture healing. Bmp3 was also found in hypertrophic chondrocytes that expressed type X collagen mRNA in all cartilages evaluated. Furthermore, in remodeling bone, Bmp3 mRNA was strongly expressed in active osteoblast cells in periosteal reaction layers formed after fracture. These findings suggest that Bmp3 expression in a special layer of typical articular cartilage may be regulated by mechanical stress stimulation. We also found that Bmp3 was expressed in the periosteal layers of the bone segments near the fracture site during fracture healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Pediatric mandibular fractures.

In spite of curiosity, facial fractures, particularly mandibular fractures, in the pediatric age group embrace only a modest proportion of facial fractures that occur within the general population. Several large series report an overall incidence of approximately 1% of all facial bone fractures. A considerable volume of literature has been generated describing the pattern of injury and treatment modalities for pediatric facial bone fractures. At our institution, which is an extremely busy university-based regional trauma center, we have witnessed a persistent escalation in the number of patients requiring repair of their facial bone fractures. During the period of January 1989 through January 1990, we treated a total of 204 patients for repair of mandible fractures. An analysis of the records of this group revealed only 3 patients who were younger than 4 years of age and 2 additional patients younger than 8 years. There were another 10 patients 17 years and younger, for a total incidence of 0.08%. Additionally, we found that within this seemingly small group, there was a surprisingly high incidence of severe, associated injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Management of mandibular fractures using biphasic pins and mandibular splints.

Often the otolaryngologist is asked to manage the patient with facial trauma. Mandibular fractures make up 20 to 39% of all facial trauma cases, and thus necessitate a diversified and complete set of management tools. We have selected two seldom discussed modes of therapy for the complicated jaw fracture to present in this paper: 1. external fixation of Joe-Morrison Hall biphasic pins, and 2. mandibular dental appliances--splints. The advantage of the biphasic pin apparatus is that the fracture can be repaired and stabilized at a point remote from the infected fracture site. The high risk patients, endentulous patient, and patients with fractures from gunshot wounds all prove to be more easily managed by using the external appliances. The splint technique eliminates medial or lingual tip rotation and resultant postoperative malocclusion. Endentulous patients, pediatric patients, and those with multiple facial trauma also benefit from this procedure.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of metacarpal bone plates in the mandibular fracture.

Of 1587 mandibular fractures, 75 (4.7 per cent) were treated by open reduction with metacarpal bone plates. The plated fractures were reviewed and evaluated for failure. Seventeen plates of the 96 placed were removed (17.7 per cent). Infection was the major cause of failure (9.4 per cent). Operator error played a role in the failure of eight out of 17 plates (47.1 per cent). Various aspects were studied in order to find the significant factors present, and these are discussed.

Adult↗