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Resource management aims to improve patient care by matching resources with patient needs. Nurse management information systems provide data on skill mix, rostering requirements, ward costs and patient dependency levels, enabling a nursing strategy to be planned for the ward.
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The Care Windows development project demonstrated the feasibility of an approach designed to add the benefits of an event-driven, graphically-oriented user interface to an existing Medical Information Management System (MIMS) without overstepping economic and logistic constraints. The design solution selected for the Care Windows project incorporates three important design features: (1) the effective de-coupling of severs from requesters, permitting the use of an extensive pre-existing library of MIMS servers, (2) the off-loading of program control functions of the requesters to the workstation processor, reducing the load per transaction on central resources and permitting the use of object-oriented development environments available for microcomputers, (3) the selection of a low end, GUI-capable workstation consisting of a PC-compatible personal computer running Microsoft Windows 3.0, and (4) the development of a highly layered, modular workstation application, permitting the development of interchangeable modules to insure portability and adaptability.
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There are good arguments for considering a computer system to improve timeliness and quality of patient care, enhance the format of clinical reports, and strengthen management controls for the containment of health care costs. A nuclear medicine information management system serves to fill these needs. Receptionists access the system to schedule patient studies, log patient data, and generate examination records. Secretaries transcribe and print clinical reports. Film library staff locate patient films and keep track of borrowed studies. Technologists produce study work sheets, record quality assurance information, and process the examination results. Staff preparing radiopharmaceuticals use the system to receive and inventory tracer stocks, track preparation and dispensing activities, and to keep records for external review. Clinicians use it to look up old study results and record their study impressions. Managers access statistical reports, billing information, and resource utilization data. This review describes an information management system as implemented in a nuclear medicine clinic. Software applications for patient scheduling, radiopharmacy, film management, report generation, quality assurance, and inventory control are described as implemented on a variety of academic and commercial systems. Hardware architectures and the issues surrounding system specification and installation are explored.
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The computer-based management information system implemented at Massachusetts General Hospital has proved to be an effective system for ensuring better coordination of maintenance activities in the hospital's maintenance department. The system provides accurate, up-to-date information that managers can use to make decisions concerning allocation of manpower, employee performance, and utilization of resources.
An attempt to set up a management information system for individual drug abuse programs throughout a state is described. The principles upon which the system is based are discussed along with the problems encountered in its implementation. A series of guidelines for establishing management information systems in operating human services agencies is included.
The management information system (FP/MIS) used by the Howard University Center for Family Planning Services, which operates community family planning clinics in Washington, D.C. is described. The system was developed to satisfy program objectives in patient management, program planning and evaluation, resource management, federal reporting systems and clinical, epidemiological and health services research. The data collection forms used in the system and the output from the four data display groups--patient profile, resource management, quality of care and epidemiology-are described along with examples of their use.
This study examines the decision-making process that a medium-sized hospital took to develop a management information system. Since system developers in this particular hospital were all users without system expertise, a substantial amount of time was devoted to their search for relevant information. Outside consulting, literature review, and a market survey were conducted for the developers to understand the characteristics of systems products on the market. Developers also invited extended user participation in vendor evaluation. The authors analyzed the reasoning process behind the successful selection of a vendor-supported information system. The findings provide hospitals of similar characteristics a decision model to follow in their search for a vendor-supported information system.
A diagnosis was conducted of management information systems (MIS) for maternal and child health and family planning programs in 27 African, 5 Asian, and 8 Latin American and Caribbean countries. The diagnosis covered the collection and use of information on physical infrastructure, human resources, equipment/supplies, services provided, coverage attained, and program quality and impact. It was found that many programs do not produce certain basic input and output indicators and that even among those that do, information is too infrequently brought to bear on management decision-making. Constraints under which the MIS operate in these countries are identified, and some rudimentary calculations of what would be required to improve MIS functioning are made.
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The Gujarat model of health management and information system has been developed with the objective of reducing the work load of health workers at all levels pertaining to record keeping and report preparation for enhancing the quality of health services, as well as for better implementation and timely monitoring of health programmes. Pro formas currently in use under various health programmes have been reorganized and updated. For monitoring malaria, the total number of registers has been reduced from seven to one, reporting forms from 23 to six and the number of columns in reporting forms from 493 to 59. The model is expected to save the working time of laboratory technicians (15%) and multi-purpose health supervisors (5%) at PHC level and of all workers (100%) engaged in report preparation at district, state and national levels. The data generated by using this model are expected to be of high quality and accuracy and should lead to more rational planning.
Many community mental health centers are presently faced with the necessity of implementing a management information system. This article offers guidelines for centers dealing with this situation. Whether a center chooses to adapt an existing system or develop one of its own, careful planning prior to the implementation of the system can help ensure that it will meet the needs of the center and operate successfully. The guidelines are organized into the categories of data considerations, people considerations, and system considerations. The first two categories are of general interest, whereas the last category is more technical in nature.
Large corporate health care firms are seeking to reorganize the production of health services under growing cost-containment pressures from government and business payors. Medical management information systems (MMIS) applications are producing an increasing number of financially motivated utilization management interventions designed to constrain wide variations in the practice of medicine. In this article we examine how innovations in MMIS will be used to monitor practitioners' clinical decisions in order to improve the productivity of physicians and other health care personnel. As MMIS technology shifts power from previously autonomous physicians to corporate health care managers, the medical profession is likely to be subjected to far more administrative and bureaucratic controls than conceivable even a few years ago.
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Because of the rapid evolution of the heart, heart/lung, liver, kidney and kidney/pancreas transplant programs at our institution, and because of a lack of an existing comprehensive database, we were required to develop a computerized management information system capable of supporting both clinical and research requirements of a multifaceted transplant program. SLUMIS (ST. LOUIS UNIVERSITY MULTI-ORGAN INFORMATION SYSTEM) was developed for the following reasons: 1) to comply with the reporting requirements of various transplant registries, 2) for reporting to an increasing number of government agencies and insurance carriers, 3) to obtain updates of our operative experience at regular intervals, 4) to integrate the Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory (HLA) for online test result reporting, and 5) to facilitate clinical investigation.