Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “MILITARY PERSONNEL”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Substantiation of studies in cerebral hemodynamics in orthostatic position during determination of occupational psychophysical preparedness of military personnel].

Military personnel of operations staff with no apparent healthy problems underwent Doppler ultrasound study to determine their cerebral hemodynamics. There were 60 studies. Each of the examined has been subjected to 6 Doppler ultrasound studies in recumbent and sitting position. The obtained results showed the position of a patient to have significant influence upon cerebral blood flow indices. It was proved that assessment of cerebral hemodynamics during determination of occupational psychophysical preparedness of military personnel operations staff should be carried out in sitting position.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Dental records of military personnel.

Military personnel lead a more mobile life than do civilians and they face additional hazards. It is important, therefore, that their dental records should be readily available. Assumptions that these records are greatly different from those of civilians are erroneous. This paper examines the medico-legal arguments for their compatibility and discusses the concept of confidentiality in relation to occupation and the wider duties of dentists to society.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The millennium Cohort Study: a 21-year prospective cohort study of 140,000 military personnel.

Does military service, in particular operational deployment, result in a higher risk of chronic illness among military personnel and veterans? The Millennium Cohort Study, the largest Department of Defense prospective cohort study ever conducted, will attempt to answer this question. The probability-based sample of 140,000 military personnel will be surveyed every 3 years during a 21-year period. The first questionnaire, scheduled for release in summer 2001, will be sent to 30,000 veterans who have been deployed to southwest Asia, Bosnia, or Kosovo since August 1997 and 70,000 veterans who have not been deployed to these conflict areas. Twenty thousand new participants will be added to the group in each of the years 2004 and 2007 to complete the study population of 140,000. The participants will have the option of completing the study questionnaire either on the paper copy received in the mail or through the World Wide Web-based version, which is available at www.MillenniumCohort.org. This will be one of the first prospective studies ever to offer such an option. The initial survey instrument will collect data regarding demographic characteristics, self-reported medical conditions and symptoms, and health-related behaviors. Validated instruments will be incorporated to capture self-assessed physical and mental functional status (Short Form for Veterans), psychosocial assessment (Patient Health Questionnaire), and post-traumatic stress disorder (Patient Checklist-17). Information obtained from the survey responses will be linked with other military databases, including data on deployment, occupation, vaccinations, health care utilization, and disability. In addition to revealing changes in veterans' health status over time, the Millennium Cohort Study will serve as a data repository, providing a solid foundation upon which additional epidemiological studies may be constructed.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Difficulties and errors of army medical expertise of neuropsychological health of military personnel called for the military service].

The article presents data concerning army medical expertise of neuropsychic disorders of military personnel and recruits. Pathomorphism of diseases stimulates the development not only new unknown features of diseases but triggers appearance so far unfamiliar new illnesses including those of young people. The results of analysis of mistakes of army medical expertise should be used in subsequent developing of the control system on neuropsychic state of military staff.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Semen analysis of military personnel associated with military duty assignments.

A collaborative study between the U.S. Army Biomedical Research and Development Laboratory (USABRDL) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) was designed to assess fecundity of male artillery soldiers with potential exposures to airborne lead aerosols. Potential exposure assessment was based upon information provided in an interactive questionnaire. It became apparent from extensive questionnaire data that many soldiers in the initial control population had potentially experienced microwave exposure as radar equipment operators. As a result, a third group of soldiers without potential for lead or microwave exposures, but with similar environmental conditions, was selected as a comparison population. Blood hormone levels and semen analyses were conducted on artillerymen (n = 30), radar equipment operators (n = 20), and the comparison group (n = 31). Analysis of the questionnaire information revealed that concern about fertility problems motivated participation of some soldiers with potential artillery or microwave exposures. Although small study population size and the confounding variable of perceived infertility limit the reliability of the study, several statistically significant findings were identified. Artillerymen who perceived a possible fertility concern demonstrated lower sperm counts/ejaculate (P = 0.067) and lower sperm/mL (P = 0.014) than the comparison group. The group of men with potential microwave exposures demonstrated lower sperm counts/mL (P = 0.009) and sperm/ejaculate (P = 0.027) than the comparison group. Variables used to assess endocrine, accessory sex gland, and sperm cell function were not different than the comparison group. Additional studies, incorporating larger numbers of individuals, should be performed in order to more optimally characterize potential lead and microwave exposure effects on male fecundity.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Serum cholesterol of Swiss military personnel and assessment of nutrition in military service].

Two separate studies are reported. The first aimed at assessing the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia in 453 military personnel who were in service in fall 1988 in a military fort. According to the risk limits of the Swiss Working Group on Lipids, the serum cholesterol values were elevated in 30% (greater than 6.5 mmol/l), in the borderline range in 31% (5.2. to 6.5 mmol/l), and only 39% had values in the ideal range (less than 5.2 mmol/l). There was a significant correlation of serum cholesterol (measured by Reflotron) with age, and the increase between age 20 and 40 was particularly remarkable (1.5 mmol/l increase). There was also a significant correlation of serum cholesterol with body weight. Only 9% of the soldiers knew their cholesterol levels before the study. One third were smokers, and 9% were hypertensive. The second aimed at analysing the consumption of food in the military service. This analysis was performed during a military service in an underground fort, where all food was controlled and known. The analysis indicated that per subject and day, 2051 kcal daily were consumed from the troup kitchen. Additional calories were consumed in the canteen (before and after the main meals) in the form of sweets, particularly as beverages. There were 1053 kcal per person and day consumed in the canteen, consisting of 39% carbohydrates, 36% fat, 15% proteins and 10% alcohol. The study demonstrates on one hand, that a significant number of military personnel demonstrates undesirably high serum cholesterol concentrations; on the other hand, the second study shows that too many calories are consumed during military service and that the foodstuff was too high in fat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Energy requirements of military personnel.

Energy requirements of military personnel (Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, and Marines) have been measured in garrison and in field training under a variety of climatic conditions. Group mean total energy expenditures for 424 male military personnel from various units engaged in diverse missions ranged from 13.0 to 29.8 MJ (3109-7131 kcal) per day. The overall mean was 19.3+/-2.7 MJ (mean+/-SD) (4610+/-650 kcal) per day measured over an average of 12.2 days (range 2.25-69 days). For the 77 female military personnel studied, mean total energy expenditures for individual experimental groups ranged from 9.8 to 23.4 MJ (2332-5597 kcal) per day, with an overall mean of 11.9+/-2.6 MJ (2850+/-620 kcal) per day, measured over an average of 8.8 days (range 2.25-14 days). Women, presumably due to their lower lean body mass, resting metabolic rate, and absolute work rates, had lower total energy expenditures. Combat training produced higher energy requirements than non-combat training or support activities. Compared to temperate conditions, total energy expenditures did not appear to be influenced by hot weather, but tended to be higher in the cold or high altitude conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Visual acuity of military personnel with civilian or military driver's license on consulting an ophthalmologist].

Visual acuity was tested in 1861 members of the German armed forces who possessed military or civilian driving licences, first by means of a screening test (Roden-stock R12) and second by an ophthalmologist observing German Industrial Standard 58220, part 3. The tests were done with the patients wearing any corrective spectacles in use before the appointment. In 27.6% of all subjects the monocular or binocular visual acuity was less than 1.0. Binocular visual acuity less than 1.0 was found in 17.0%, less than 0.8 in 7.3% and less than 0.5 in 0.9%. After adjustment of the corrective lenses by the ophthalmologist these figures were reduced to visual acuity less than 1.0 in 1.6%, less than 0.8 in 0.4% and less than 0.5 in 0.1%. The frequency of suboptimal visual acuity showed no difference in driving licence classes. We found fewer cases of suboptimal visual acuity in our patients than Kratz and Häseker found in the civilian community in the study published in 1986. The age distribution was also different. In contrast to former publications, which showed an age-related progression, our population had the lowest number of subjects with subnormal visual acuity in the age group 35-45 years. The screening test for visual acuity and the test by the ophthalmologist showed the same results in 76.8% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Malaria among U.S. military personnel returning from Somalia, 1993.

U.S. military personnel were first deployed to Somalia in late December 1992 as part of Operation Restore Hope. From the time of deployment through April 1993, malaria was diagnosed in 48 personnel who had onset of illness while in Somalia. In addition, through late June, malaria was diagnosed in 83 military personnel following their return from Somalia. This substantial number of cases has reinforced concerns regarding malaria prophylaxis, the estimated risk for infection, and the need for prompt recognition and treatment of malaria in military personnel. This report summarizes the occurrence of malaria in returning personnel and underscores for health-care providers the importance of considering malaria in the diagnostic evaluation of military personnel returning from Somalia and in other persons who have traveled to malarious areas.

Humans↗
PubMed2025

The Factors That Contribute to Dysfunctional Behavior in Active Military Personnel: An Umbrella Review.

Dysfunctional behavior in active military personnel is a complex and challenging issue for military forces worldwide. Effective management of this issue requires a comprehensive understanding of the factors that contribute to dysfunctional behavior in military populations. The current study presents an umbrella review that synthesized and analyzed the existing literature on contributory factors to dysfunctional behavior in active military personnel using a systems thinking-based framework. Eleven systematic reviews were identified as eligible for inclusion in the umbrella review. The synthesis identified 14 contributory factors to the following types of dysfunctional behavior: suicidal behavior, substance misuse, domestic violence perpetration, and destructive leadership. The analysis indicated that existing literature focuses on contributory factors relating to the military personnel themselves and not influences in the broader military system or wider society. Additionally, few studies have sought to understand how factors interact to create dysfunctional behavior. Future research would benefit from the use of systems thinking-based frameworks and methods to investigate the factors, across the broader military system and society, that contribute to dysfunctional behavior in active military personnel.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

A cost-effectiveness analysis of typhoid fever vaccines in US military personnel.

Typhoid fever has been a problem for military personnel throughout history. A cost-effectiveness analysis of typhoid fever vaccines from the perspective of the US military was performed. Currently 3 vaccine preparations are available in the US: an oral live Type 21A whole cell vaccine; a single-dose parenteral, cell subunit vaccine; and a 2-dose parenteral heat-phenol killed, whole cell vaccine. This analysis assumed all vaccinees were US military personnel. Two pharmacoeconomic models were developed, one for personnel who have not yet been deployed, and the other for personnel who are deployed to an area endemic for typhoid fever. Drug acquisition, administration, adverse effect and lost work costs, as well as the costs associated with typhoid fever, were included in this analysis. Unique military issues, typhoid fever attack rates, vaccine efficacy, and compliance with each vaccine's dosage regimen were included in this analysis. A sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the models. Typhoid fever immunisation is not cost-effective for US military personnel unless they are considered imminently deployable or are deployed. The most cost-effective vaccine for US military personnel is the single-dose, cell subunit parenteral vaccine.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2001

General aviation crashes involving military personnel as pilots.

BACKGROUND: Injuries sustained in off-duty activities are a major cause of mortality and morbidity among military personnel. Reducing these off-duty fatalities is a continuing priority of the military. METHODS: General aviation crashes recorded by the National Transportation Safety Board between 1983 and 1998 were analyzed for military pilots (n = 205) and other military personnel (n = 185), and compared with all other general aviation crashes (n = 32,807) to identify differences in the crash circumstances and sustained injury severities. RESULTS: During the 16-yr study period, a total of 45 military pilots and 52 other military personnel were fatally injured while flying general aviation flights. Military pilots who were involved in general aviation crashes were more likely to have advanced licenses and higher total flight times when compared with other military personnel and civilian pilots (p < 0.05). Among the three groups of pilots, other military personnel had the least flying time and the largest percentage of student/private licenses. Military personnel had significantly less time in type in the 90-d and 30-d periods preceding the crash compared with civilians (p < 0.05). Shoulder restraint usage was associated with less severe injuries for all groups. We estimate that general aviation deaths have cost the military at least $405 million since 1983. CONCLUSIONS: General aviation crashes are a costly source of mortality and morbidity for military personnel, particularly military pilots. Interventions aimed at improving safety of military personnel in the general aviation setting warrant special consideration.

Accidents, Aviation↗