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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Menorrhagia, metrorrhagia and the endometrium. Apropos of 300 cases].

The authors report on the different aspects they have observed when they studied 300 case histories of patients who had a histological examination of the endometrium for menorrhagia or metrorrhagia. In 9.9% of the cases the endometrium was normal. In those cases there was an associated lesion particularly of the myometrium. Whatever the type of bleeding, the most common finding was hyperplasia. The authors emphasize that this can evolve to dysplasia (4% of their cases) and to carcinoma of the endometrium (3% of the cases).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Role of vaginal echography in the investigation of menorrhagia and metrorrhagia in the reproductive years].

Eighty non-menopausal patients who had troubles of menorrhagia or metrorrhagia who were neither pregnant nor had cervical pathology, were investigated first by vaginal ultrasound and then by hysteroscopy. In 43 of the cases a hysterosalpingogram had been carried out before hand. All patients had histological examination of tissues. The main pathological ultrasound features were clearly made out. Vaginal ultrasound, and the conditions under which the study was undertaken, gives much more information than hysterosalpingography and will be able in future to a greater extent, to replace conventional radiography. Vaginal ultrasound manages to achieve information about the endometrium and the uterine cavity almost equal to that obtained by hysteroscopy and furthermore it gives more precise information about the state of the myometrium. Vaginal ultrasound therefore seems to be an excellent first stage examination to investigate menstrual disturbances in reproductive life, and so long as it is carried out under good conditions will limit the indications for hysteroscopy and will be able to indicate when it is necessary to carry out simple exploratory hysteroscopy or operative hysteroscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Ultrasonography-based triage for perimenopausal patients with abnormal uterine bleeding.

OBJECTIVE: Abnormal perimenopausal bleeding is common and accounts for much medical and surgical intervention. This study was undertaken to evaluate an ultrasonography-based triage paradigm for perimenopausal patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. STUDY DESIGN: Four hundred thirty-three perimenopausal patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (either metrorrhagia, menorrhagia, or both) were evaluated. In lieu of undergoing a sampling procedure they were brought back on days 4 to 6 of the subsequent bleeding cycle, when the endometrium was expected to be its thinnest. If a distinct endometrial echo < or = 5 mm (double layer) was imaged by endovaginal ultrasonography, dysfunctional uterine bleeding was diagnosed. If a thickened endometrial echo > 5 mm or no endometrial echo was reliably visualized, a saline infusion sonohysterography was performed. If saline infusion sonohysterography revealed a symmetric single-layer endometrial thickness < 3 mm, dysfunctional uterine bleeding was diagnosed. If focal lesions were noted (polyps, submucous myomas, focal thickening), the patient was scheduled for curettage with hysteroscopy. If the endometrium was globally thickened, nondirected office biopsy was performed. RESULTS: A total of 341 patients (79%) had ultrasonographic evidence of no anatomic abnormality, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding requiring no further studies was diagnosed. Fifty-eight patients (13%) had focal polypold masses, all of which were removed hysteroscopically and confirmed pathologically. Twenty-two patients (5%) had submucous myomas; 10 patients (23%) had globally thickened endometrium on saline infusion sonohysterography, and then nondirected office sampling revealed hyperplasia in 5 and proliferation in 5. Two patients had technically inadequate saline infusion sonohysterography, and thus we proceeded to hysteroscopy with curettage. CONCLUSION: Nondirected office biopsy alone without imaging would have potentially missed the diagnosis of focal lesions such as polyps, submucous myomas, and focal hyperplasia in up to 80 patients (18%). Our clinical algorithm for perimenopausal patients with abnormal uterine bleeding used unenhanced endovaginal ultrasonography followed by saline infusion sonohysterography for selected patients. This approach allowed for no endometrial sampling, nondirected sampling, or directed sampling depending on whether the ultrasonography-based triage revealed no anatomic abnormalities, globally thickened endometrial tissue, or focal abnormalities, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perimenopausal bleeding patterns and pathologic findings.

The charts of 500 sequential perimenopausal patients were reviewed and their alterations in menstrual flow were characterized as fitting one of three patterns. Sixty-two patients (12%) had sudden amenorrhea, 347 (70%) had oligomenorrhea and/or hypomenorrhea, and 91 (18%) had menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, and/or hypermenorrhea. All of the patients in the menorrhagia/metrorrhagia and/or hypermenorrhea group had histologic evaluations to rule out the presence of premalignant or malignant disease; 17 women (19%) in this group had premalignant or malignant findings. In addition, 4 of the 5 women with malignancies had intermenstrual bleeding. Of the 9 women in the study with intermenstrual bleeding, 4 had invasive cancer and 2 had endometrial hyperplasia. This study documents and highlights the high incidence of premalignant and malignant findings in perimenopausal patients with bleeding patterns other than amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea/hypomenorrhea, and underscores the need for perimenopausal women with menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, and/or hypermenorrhea to undergo thorough evaluation.

Age Factors↗