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Results for “Limbic System”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Relationship between the limbic system and gonadal function. 2. Quantifiable prepuberal differentiation of medial cortical amygdaloid nuclei].

In juvenile female rats beteen the 21st and 26th days of age, the neurons of the medial and cortical amygdaloid nuclei undergo a highly significant karyovolumetrically measurable activation which, however, partially declines almost immediately. Such prepuberal variation of activity was found to be correlated with age-dependent effects of direct interventions with these nuclear regions upon the hypothalamy-pituitary-gonadal axis, e.g. implantation of oestradiol benzoate, stimulation or lesioning. This basically, is a quantitatibe-morphological confirmation of an assumption that had been derived earlier from experimental studies, according to which the mediocortical part of the amygdala undergoes in the prepuberal period a functional muteration or differentiation which is specific and related to puberty and gonadal functions (Döcke, 1976a, b; Döcke et al., 1976).

Aging↗
PubMed1976

Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase: distribution in discrete areas of the rat limbic system.

Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase have been measured in 34 discrete areas and nuclei of the limbic system of the rat. Both enzymes showed an uneven distribution in this system. The ratio between tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activities showed a significant correlation when compared with the ratio of dopamine and norepinephrine concentrations for the areas studied. The results strongly suggest that dopaminergic terminals are present in discrete areas of the limbic cortex, and several septal and amygdaloid nuclei, and allow the precise localization of dopaminergic and noradrenergic areas in the limbic system.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The limbic system in Alzheimer's disease. A neuropathologic investigation.

The morphologic alterations of Alzheimer's disease, presenile and senile dementia, have conventionally been associated with the cerebral cortex; however, it is clear that other areas of the brain, notably the hippocampus and amygdala, are involved as well. These structures, together with others such as the fornix, cingulate gyrus, septal nuclei, and mamillary bodies, constitute the limbic system, which has been recognized as the anatomic substrate of memory, emotion, and learning. Disturbances in these modalities are central to the clinical expression of Alzheimer's disease; therefore, the limbic system was studied in its entirety in 9 patients with Alzheimer's disease and in 3 elderly individuals with Down's syndrome, in whom identical morphologic lesions were present. The findings disclose that the limbic system is regularly involved in Alzheimer's disease, to a severe degree and in a distinctively patterned distribution.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Unit activity of limbic system neurons: effects of morphine, diazepam and neuroleptic agents.

The effects of morphine, diazepam and three neuroleptic agents (chloropromazine, perphenazine and haloperiodol) on neuronal firing rats were studied in the limbic system of immobilized cats. Parietal craniotomy was carried out under 1.5--4.0% halothane. Extracellular potentials from single cells in the cingulate gyrus, septum and lateral hypothalamic areas were recorded using glass-coated, platinum-iridium microelectrodes. In general, intravenous adminstration of morphine sulfate augmented the spontaneous firing rates of most of the neurons studied. In contrast, diazepam produced a marked attenuation of both spontaneous and morphine augmented firing rates, whereas the neuroleptic agents had no significant or consistent effects on the morphine augmented firing rates of neurons in these limbic areas. These data indicate that the limbic system may play an important role in the behavioral excitement in cats induced by morphine administration and also the depressant effect of the tranquilizer diazepam. In contrast, the inability of the neuroleptic agents to antagonize the morphine augmented neuronal firing rates suggest these agents may act outside the limbic areas studied here.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Neuronal plasticity in the limbic system during classical conditioning of the rabbit nictitating membrane response. II: Septum and mammillary bodies.

Neuronal unit activity was recorded from several limbic system structures during classical conditioning of the rabbit nictiating membrane response to a tone CS. Air puff to cornea was used as a UCS. The present and past investigations of hippocampal activity using this paradigm show a neuronal plasticity which develops early in training, increases rapidly and shifts forward in time as behavioral conditioning develops. Recordings from the lateral septal region demonstrate the same within-trial pattern of unit discharge seen in hippocampus, indicating a projection of hippocampal plasticity over precommissural fornix pathways. Medial septal neurons, on the other hand, respond in an excitatory manner to the onsets of tone and air puff stimulation. While unit discharges seen in hippocampus and lateral septum occur only during the paired (learning) paradigm, medial septal activity is identical under both paired and unpaired (control) conditions. The latter fact lends support for a sensory interpretation of medial septal responses, and is consistent with anatomical evidence of a major septohippocampal projection originating from this region. In contrast to results for lateral septum, recordings from medial and lateral mammillary nuclei indicate only small, diffuse excitation that exhibits no consistent changes over training, and is not related to activity seen in hippocampal or septal regions. The apparent lack of correspondence between learning dependent unit measures obtained from pre- and postcommissural fornix structures is entirely consistent with current modified descriptions of limbic system anatomy.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

Differential effect of neuroleptic drugs on dopamine turnover in the extrapyramidal and limbic system.

In gallamine-immobilized cats, the caudate nucleus and the nucleus accumbens septi were perfused by means of a push-pull cannula and dopamine was measured in the perfusate. Chlorpromazine (10 mg kg(-1)) and clozapine (20 mg kg(-1)), administered intravenously, enhanced the release of dopamine. The effect of chlorpromazine was similar in both regions whereas that of clozapine was more pronounced in the nucleus accumbens than in the caudate nucleus. Furthermore, in the rat, sulpiride, clozapine and thioridazine increased the homovanillic acid concentration in striatum and limbic system to a similar extent. However, following probenecid administration, the net effect of these drugs on homovanillic acid accumulation was more marked in the limbic system than in the striatum whereas haolperidol and chlorpromazine had a similar effect in the two regions. It is concluded that, in contrast to haloperidol and chlorpromazine, sulpiride, clozapine and thioridazine may preferentially affect the limbic dopaminergic transmission. This possibly accounts for the fact that sulpiride, clozapine and thioridazine display an antipsychotic action and yet cause less extrapyramidal side effects than haloperidol and chlorpromazine.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Relationship between the limbic system and gonadal function. 3. Quantifiable prepuberal morphokinesis of the basolateral amygdaloid body and the ventral hippocampus formation].

In juvenile female rats the neurons of the limbic system which are attached to the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus and to a circumscribed area of ventral hippocampal formation are characterised by markedly quantifiable morphokinesis between the 21st day of age and onset of the first oestrus. This morphokinesis will take the form of consecutively occurring highly significant volume alterations of the cell nuclei which, in turn, reflect variation in neuronal activity. Some of such variation represents a expression of the general maturation and differentiation of central nervous neurons. The time of occurrence of such variation as well as its peculiar nature also appear to suggest the existence of some special relationship to sexual maturation. This seems to support the conclusion that the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus and the ventral hippocampal formation are attached to the extrahypothalamic central nervous structures of the cerebro-hypophyseal-gonadal axis, in addition to the medial and cortical amygdaloid nuclei. However, the very nature of relationships that may exist between the two investigated components of the limbic system, on the one hand, and sexual maturation as well as gonadal function, on the other, cannot be derived from the results reported in this paper.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1978

Pituitary-adrenal response to stimulation of the limbic system and lateral hypothalamus in the rhesus monkey (Macacca mulatta).

Various sites within the limbic system, frontal lobe and lateral hypothalamus of the rhesus monkey brain were electrically stimulated using chronically implanted electrodes. Increases in plasma cortisol was observed after stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic area, basolateral amygdala, pyriform cortex, hippocampus, certain sites in the cingulate gyrus and orbital part of the frontal lobe. Inactive sites included the caudate nucleus, putamen and white matter in the frontal lobe.

Amygdala↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cocaine and pseudococaine: comparative effects on electrical after-discharge in the limbic system of cats.

The effects of cocaine and its dextroisomer pseudococaine on electrical after-discharge (AD) evoked by electrical stimulation of the hippocampus or amygdala were studied in cats with electrodes implanted in the brain. Intravenous injection of cocaine (2.0 to 4.0 mg/kg doses) produced a suppressive effect on the AD while producing low-voltage fast waves (LVFWs) in the electrical activities of the brain (EEG) associated with behavioral excitation. In contrast, pseudococaine at the same dose as cocaine failed to show a significant suppressive effect on the AD except at high doses (5.0 mg/kg). Pseudococaine produced high-voltage slow waves (HVSWs) in the EEG associated with behavioral depression. A linear dose-response relationship was observed for the suppressive effect of cocaine on the AD. The results suggested that the limbic system may be involved as a primary site of action of cocaine in the central nervous system (CNS).

Amygdala↗
PubMed1979

The effect of amitriptyline and mianserine (Org. GB94) on food motivated behaviour of rats trained in a runway: possible correlation with biogenic amine concentration in the limbic system.

Rats on a 23 h food deprivation schedule were trained to run down a straight runway for a food reward. Neither amitriptyline nor mianserine had an effect on the running time for the food reward during the period of continuous reinforcement. However both antidepressants delayed the extinction of this response. It seems unlikely that this effect on extinction was due to an altered motivation for the food reward as amitriptyline significantly decreased the food intake of the experimental animals while mianserine increased the food intake throughout the period of the experiment. The observation that both these antidepressants reduce the speed of extinction of rewarded behaviour may be explicable in terms of observed changes in the concentration of biogenic amines in the limbic system.

Amitriptyline↗