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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Looking backward, 1984-1959: twenty-five years of library automation--a personal view.

A brief profile of Janet Doe is given. Twenty-five years of library automation are reviewed from the author's point of view. Major projects such as the SUNY Biomedical Communication Network and the Regional Online Union Catalog of the Greater Midwest Regional Medical Library Network are discussed. Important figures in medical library automation are considered, as is the major role played by the National Library of Medicine.

Automation↗
PubMed1995

Implementing hospital library automation: the GaIN project. Georgia Interactive Network for Medical Information.

The GaIN (Georgia Interactive Network for Medical Information) Hospital Libraries' Local Automation Project was a one-year, grant-funded initiative to implement an integrated library system in three Georgia hospitals. The purpose of the project was to install the library systems, describe the steps in hospital library automation, and identify issues and barriers related to automation in small libraries. The participating hospitals included a small, a medium, and a large institution. The steps and time required for project implementation were documented in order to develop a decision checklist. Although library automation proved a desirable approach for improving collection accessibility, simplifying daily routines, and improving the library's image in the hospital, planners must be sure to consider equipment as well as software support, staffing for the conversion, and training of the library staff and end users.

Catalogs, Library↗
PubMed1988

Requests for proposals for library automation.

Many health sciences libraries are now considering integrated automated systems for an investment of several hundred thousand dollars. The request for proposals (RFPs) is the usual method of selecting candidate vendors for close inspection of promising systems. This paper draws upon the experience of the Library of Rush University and that of twelve other health sciences libraries. The libraries were interviewed by telephone using a short questionnaire that asked them to compare the RFPs with the systems actually obtained and their experiences in implementing them. The libraries were also asked, with the benefit of hindsight, what would they have done differently. Four vendors were also interviewed by telephone, in order to get their point of view.

Chicago↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Automated library generation using sequential microwave-assisted chemistry. Application toward the Biginelli multicomponent condensation.

The concept of automated sequential microwave-assisted library synthesis is introduced. For this purpose a dedicated single-mode microwave reactor with a robotics interface including a liquid handler and gripper was employed. The liquid handler allows dispensing of reagents into the Teflon sealed reaction vials, while the gripper moves each sealed vial in and out of the microwave cavity after irradiation. This technology was employed for the Biginelli three-component cyclocondensation reaction. A diverse set of 17 CH-acidic-carbonyl compounds (1A-Q), 25 aldehydes (2a-y), and 8 urea/thioureas (3alpha-varphi) was used in the preparation of a dihydropyrimidine (DHPM) library. Out of the full set of 3400 possible DHPM derivatives, a representative subset of 48 analogues was prepared using automated addition of building blocks and subsequent sequential microwave irradiation of each process vial. For most building block combinations 10 min of microwave flash heating at 120 degrees C using AcOH/EtOH (3:1) and 10 mol % Yb(OTf)(3) as solvent/catalyst system proved to be successful, leading to an average isolated yield of 52% of DHPMs with >90% purity. For some building block combinations the general conditions were modified, for example, by changing the solvent, catalyst, reaction temperature, or irradiation time. This flexibility is a distinct advantage of sequential over parallel microwave-assisted processes where all reactions are exposed to the same irradiation conditions. When the unattended automation capabilities of the microwave synthesizer are used, a library of this size can be synthesized within 12 h.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors affecting d-block metal-ligand bond lengths: toward an automated library of molecular geometry for metal complexes.

Metal-ligand (M-L) bond lengths for a range of ligands (carboxylates, chlorides, pyridines, water, tertiary phosphines, and alkenes) and a variety of metals have been retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database, CSD. Analysis of the factors which affect M-L bond lengths (for example, ligand coordination mode, oxidation state, metal coordination number and geometry, spin and Jahn-Teller effects, and ligand trans to M-L bond) shows that it is generally possible to subdivide the M-L data sets systematically to obtain better defined, unimodal, bond length distributions with means and sample standard deviations (SSDs) which reflect the nature of the bond in question. Typically, the SSDs for the M-L data sets can be reduced to 0.04-0.05 A by these methods. This work is an extension to tables of bond lengths in organometallic compounds and coordination complexes published in 1989. The importance of the factors which affect M-L bond lengths for particular metal-ligand groups are discussed. From the case studies reported, an algorithm is proposed by which compilation of a library of molecular geometry for metal complexes may be automated. The points that need to be considered to produce such a molecular library from the data stored in the CSD are discussed. The development of such a library would allow users to retrieve chemically well-defined geometric data rapidly and accurately. This should be of use, for example, to crystallographers and molecular modelers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Parallel and automated library synthesis of 2-long alkyl chain benzoazoles and azole[4,5-b]pyridines under microwave irradiation.

A versatile route to 40-membered library of 2-long alkyl chain substituted benzoazoles (1 and 2) and azole[4,5-b]pyridines (3 and 4) via microwave-assisted combinatorial synthesis was developed. The reactions were carried out in both monomode and multimode microwave oven. With the latter, all reactions were performed in high-throughput experimental settings consisting of an 8 x 5 combinatorial library designed to synthesize 40 compounds. Each step, from the addition of reagents to the recovery of final products, was automated. The microwave-assisted N-long chain alkylation reactions of 2-alkyl-1H-benzimidazole (1) and 2-alkyl-1H-benzimidazole[4,5-b] pyridines (3) were also studied.

Alkylation↗
PubMed2005

Development of a multi-target screening analysis for 301 drugs using a QTrap liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry system and automated library searching.

A new multi-target screening (MTS) procedure for drugs in blood and urine for toxicological analysis has been developed using a hybrid triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer (QTrap) for the fast detection and identification of 301 forensically important drugs, e.g. tranquilizers (benzodiazepines), hypnotics, drugs of abuse (opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, cannabinoids), antidepressants, neuroleptics, and some cardiac drugs, in one single liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis. Samples were extracted either with liquid-liquid extraction or solid-phase extraction. A multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) as survey scan and an enhanced product ion (EPI) scan as dependent scan were performed in an information-dependent acquisition (IDA) experiment. Finally, drug identification was carried out by library search with a newly developed MS/MS library based on EPI spectra at three different collision energies in positive mode. The advantage of this newly developed method is the possibility to detect and identify 301 drugs in one single LC/MS/MS run.

Automation↗
PubMed1995

Systems used to automate medical libraries--analysis by type of library.

Analysis of data recorded in 626 questionnaires on systems used to automate medical libraries by type of library showed that academic and industrial libraries automated all serial and book functions to a greater degree that the other types of medical libraries (hospital, governmental, institutional and medical centre). Almost 75% of the academic libraries had automated some or all serial functions; 80% had automated some or all book functions. Half of the hospital, institutional and medical centre libraries (50-51%) performed all serial functions manually; 29-40% performed all book functions manually. No software was used consistently by all types of libraries to process serials or books. Mainframe or minicomputers were used more by academic libraries to process serials and books than personal computers.

Computer Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-throughput purification of combinatorial libraries II: Automated separation of single diastereomers from a 4-amido-pyrrolidone library containing intentional diastereomer pairs.

A 4-amido-pyrrolidone library that was intentionally synthesized as pairs of diastereomers was produced by solution-phase parallel syntheses and purified by an automated high-throughput purification system. A total of 2592 4-amido-pyrrolidinones were ultimately isolated as single diastereomers from a matrix of 1920 syntheses. After the four-step synthesis and HPLC purification, the average yield of a single diastereomer was 36.6%. The average chemical purity was >90%, and the average diastereomeric purity was >87%. The choice of chiral amines used to make amides with heterocyclic acid chlorides had a dramatic effect on success. Analysis of the relationship between amines used for synthesis and the diastereomeric separation showed that amides made from chiral 1,2-amino alcohols gave superior separation to amides from chiral morpholines. The presence of a hydrogen bond donor on the amide side chain seems to be required for a better diastereomeric separation.

Journal Article↗