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Results for “Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Detection and measurement of a cellular immune-reactivity towards polyester and polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. Leukocyte adherence inhibition test.

Several studies were performed on polyester (Dacron) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) vascular substitute thrombogenicity. However, to date, the host-graft interactions have yet to be studied from an immunological point of view. For this reason, 4 classes of 10 patients each (Class 1: Dacron-+PTFE-grafted patients, Class 2: Dacron-, Class 3: PTFE-, and Class 4: controls) were submitted to a cellular immune-reactivity test: leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI), in which leukocytes fail to adhere to glass on contact with a sensitizing antigen. The following blood cell populations were used: total leukocytes (PBL), mononuclear cells (MNC), T and B lymphocytes. This research demonstrated that a T cellular immune-reactivity towards Dacron and PTFE respectively occurs in Dacron- and PTFE-grafted patients, and that this reactivity is greater in the case of Dacron. More studies are required to determine the immuno-competent system role in fabric prosthesis patency.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Leukocyte adherence inhibition test in renal diseases.

Leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test was examined in 35 patients with renal diseases and 14 normal controls, using collagenase-treated glomerular basement membrane, glycosidase-treated glomerular basement membrane and renal tubular epithelium as antigens. Although the control group showed strikingly similar mean LAI indices for all antigens tested, the whole group of patients with renal diseases showed a wide scatter of values. Two categories of patients had significantly increased LAI indices (p less than 0.01) when their mean values were compared with those of normal controls: (1) rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) and (2) lupus nephritis (SLE). In the serial studies of the RPGN and SLE cases, there were no significant changes in the pattern of LAI and they continued to give positive and very comparable results when re-examined at intervals of 1-6 months. Out of the 30 patients who were able to be evaluated with the three antigens, 15 cases exhibited positive LAI response to two or more antigens simultaneously. These in vitro findings suggest that there is an abnormal cellular response to certain antigen or widespread LAI reactivity to a variety of renal antigens in certain forms of human glomerulonephritis.

Antigens↗
PubMed1980

Immune responses in lung cancer patients measured by a modified leukocyte adherence inhibition test using serum.

A modified leukocyte adherence inhibition (H-LAI) assay was used to study immunological factors in serum from lung cancer patients. In this test, 0.25% serum was added to the assay system, together with tumor antigen and trypsinized leukocytes from control persons. Extracts from a human lung cancer cell line (Calu-1) and a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) were used as antigens. The results obtained were compared with data found with the original hemocytometer (C-LAI) assay. Of 21 lung cancer patients studied, 20 (95%) gave a positive response in both the H-LAI and the C-LAI assay systems against Calu-1 antigen. Only 1 of the patients gave a positive response in the H-LAI system against MCF-7 antigen, while 3 patients (14%) responded in the C-LAI assay. None of the 14 control persons tested gave a positive response. While the C-LAI assay was limited to the use of fresh blood, the H-LAI system was performed on small amounts of serum. The serum could be stored in the frozen state for a long time period. The results indicate that the H-LAI assay possesses at least the same sensitivity and specificity as the original C-LAI test.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1988

Leukocyte adherence inhibition test in lung cancer immunodiagnostic detection.

The leukocyte adherence inhibition test (LAI) was used to study the cellular reactivity in 119 subjects: 48 were affected by lung cancer, 41 by non-malignant lung diseases, 10 by non-lung cancers and 20 were healthy volunteers. The LAI test is based on the observation that leukocytes do not adhere to glass when in the presence of an antigen against which a sensitization exists. Test selectivity was checked by the suppression technique: suppressed cells lose their competence to an antigen when incubated with it before testing. Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and bronchioloalveolar cells (BACs) were used. While controls showed no reactivity to lung cancer extracts, early cancer patients showed the highest reactivity and active cavitary tuberculosis patients gave false positive results. The blocking assay showed that patients with tuberculosis were sensitized to normal lung extracts. In lung cancer patients the blocking assay showed that a selective reactivity exists to cancer extracts derived from a histologically homologous cancer specimen.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Evidence of cell-mediated antitumor immunity in rats bearing syngeneic tumors by the leukocyte adherence inhibition test.

A modified form of the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test has been used to follow cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in rats of the Lewis inbred strain (LW), F1 hybrids inbred strains LW x AVN with transplanted syngeneic tumors B77, MC-1, and the random-bred Sprague Dawley strain with spontaneous REF tumor. Peripheral blood leukocytes of animals incubated witha specific tumor extract showed an adherence capacity by 30--40% lower than the same cell population cultured without this specific extract, or with a foreign nonspecific extract. The results are commented in connection with a possible application of this modified form of LAI test in studies of the immunological state of patients with a malignant disorder.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The significance of vaginal hormonal cytology and the leukocyte adherence inhibition test for the detection of malignancy.

Raised leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test values were found for 25 women with endometrial carcinoma and 12 women with benign hyperplastic endometrium. Of 42 patients with oligomenorrheic and polymenorrheic disturbances of the menstrual cycle and whose hyperestrogenism was assessed by cytologic indices (i.e., eosinophilic and karyopyknotic indices), 38 exhibited positive or borderline LAI test values with either one or both of the antigens used. The LAI test was negative with both antigens in four women with hyperestrogenism associated with a 28-day menstrual cycle. The high correlation between hyperestrogenism and positive LAI test results as well as between the LAI test and the presence of tumors suggests that both hormonal cytology and the LAI test might be useful as screening methods for evaluating risk factors for the development of malignant tumors of the female reproductive tract. Both methods are fairly simple, reproducible and convenient for long-term follow-up.

Endometrial Hyperplasia↗
PubMed1985

[Micromodification of the leukocyte adherence inhibition test for cancer patients].

A simplified micromodification of the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test using both leukocytes and lymphocytes from peripheral blood of cancer patients is discussed. Data on oncoimmunologic specificity and cellular mechanisms underlying the proposed procedure as well as the results of a comparative study of LAI factor-producing T-cell and immunoregulatory (Tmu and T gamma) lymphocyte subpopulations in breast cancer patients are presented. The LAI-test micromodification may be adjunct in breast cancer diagnosis. It may be employed for monitoring T-cell specific immunity in cancer patients and further study of LAI factor-producing T-cells as a component of the structure of T-cell subpopulations.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Assessment of the mechanism of the leukocyte adherence inhibition test.

This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test in man. To identify the reactive cell types, enriched leukocyte populations (dextran-separated leukocytes and Hypaque-Ficoll-isolated mononuclear cells and neutrophils, as well as rosette-isolated B- and T-lymphocytes) were tested for leukocyte adherence in the absence of serum to tumor-specific antigens. LAI reactivity was not restricted to any of the enriched populations, suggesting the involvement of multiple cell types. Attempts to demonstrate soluble lymphocyte factors in the LAI mechanism have been uniformly negative. In contrast, factors in serum of immune donors were able to arm naive cells to be specifically responsive. This suggests a role for serum factors in the mechanism of LAI reactivity and partially explains the participation of multiple cell types in the responses observed. In additional studies, we could not document a correlation between the magnitude of the dermal test (delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity) and the magnitude of the LAI response in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. In 34 of 54 of these patients, there was agreement between the two tests (both positive, 27 of 54; both negative, 7 of 54). In the remaining 20 patients, the dermal test was greater than 5 mm while the LAI test was negative (less than 30% inhibition).

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

Immune reactivity to Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in patients with lung cancer detected by superoxide assay-leukocyte adherence inhibition test.

The immune reactivity to partially purified Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen was investigated in patients with lung cancer. The modified method of original leukocyte adherence inhibition test, termed superoxide assay-leukocyte adherence inhibition test, was used to detect the reactivity. The coded peripheral mononuclear cells from 34 of 50 (68%) patients with lung cancer showed a positive response to the antigen whereas in only 3 of 19 (16%) patients with benign pulmonary disease was there a reaction to the antigen. The same experiments were performed using the 3 m KCl extract of lung tumors as an antigen. In this case in 39 of 50 (78%) patients with lung cancer but in only 4 of 24 (17%) with benign pulmonary disease and in none of the breast cancer patients (0 of 17) was there a reaction to the antigen. These results strongly suggest that patients with lung cancer are sensitized to both Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen and tumor-associated antigens expressed in cancer cells of lung tissue origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Leukocyte adherence inhibition test in tumor patients].

The leukocytes from cancer patients lose the capacity to adhere themselves to the tube glass surface when they are incubated with antigenic extracts of neoplasms of the same histologic type, as observed employing the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test. The authors confirm that the LAI test is organ-specific when primary tumors are employed as a source of antigens. Contrarily, the LAI test does not give a useful diagnostic information when antigens from metastases are employed. On the other hand, the practice of cell counts at 20 minutes intervals, shows that we are not dealing with a true adherence inhibition, but with a massive initial adherence of the leukocytes to the glass surface, followed by the further detachment of the cells. The phenomenon depends on cell concentration and it is not observed when less than 1000 leukocytes mm2 are used.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

[Immunodiagnostic studies in ovarian cancer using the leukocyte adherence inhibition test (LAI test). 1. Detection of cellular sensitization of peripheral blood lymphocytes using the LAI test].

34 patients with histological assured ovarian cancer were investigated with the direct chamber LAI-assay according to Halliday and Miller. As antigens we used KCl-extracts of ovarian cancer, fetal tissue and four other tumor associated antigens, A sensitivity of lymphocytes to ovarian cancer antigens (OCA) and fetal antigens (FA) was detected in the malignant group with significant differences p less than 0.0005 to the control group. The accuracy for OCA was 86% respectively 82% for FA. The LAI-assay has additional value for diagnosing of ovarian cancer. Difficulties in interpreting the individual LAI-assays results as well as false positive tests in the control group are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Modified humoral leukocyte adherence inhibition test for detection of lung cancer.

The freshly separated indicator cells (suspension of leukocytes) used in humoral leukocyte adherence inhibition test were labeled either with 14C-amino acid mixture or 3H-concanavalin A (3H-ConA). Instead of counting the adherent cells, the amount of 'adherent' radioactivity was measured by a liquid scintillation spectrometer. By the modified method, sera from 25 lung-carcinoma-bearing patients as well as serum samples from 21 healthy persons were examined in the presence of crude antigens prepared from 'normal' lung tissue or lung tumors of various histologic types. Although the results demonstrated high specificity and reproducibility of both methods, the binding of 3H-ConA to the surface of adherent cells is more expressed and assures higher levels of radioactivity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of the microplate leukocyte adherence inhibition test and its reproducibility, sensitivity, and relationship to other tests of cellular immunity.

The microplate version of the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test was evaluated in murine and human studies. It was used in parallel with the microcytotoxicity assay, lymphotoxin assay, leukocyte migration inhibition, and lymphocyte stimulation tests in a transplantable murine tumor model, and it compared favorably with these established techniques for the detection of cellular immunity. The LAI test detected both primary and secondary anamnestic responses in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-primed mice, and it displayed sensitivity to host humoral factors comparable to that seen with other tests. The LAI phenomenon was shown to be mediated by a soluble supernatant factor liberated by antigen-exposed immune leukocytes in the mouse and by concanavalin A-stimulated human leukocytes. In the mouse, deliberate depletion of T-cells ablates LAI reactivity in cells taken at the peak of a primary response; however, immune serum "arms" non-thymus-dependent cells taken from unimmunized hosts. In the mouse, the results of LAI tests correlate with other established techniques, when purified protein derivative reactivity was assessed in spleen cells from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-immunized mice. Comparable correlation is not found when reactivity to this antigen is assessed in human peripheral blood samples from unimmunized donors.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Studies of cellular mediated immunity in malignant melanoma patients by Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test.

Sixteen malignant melanoma patients with different levels of tumor progression, two patients with melanoma in situ (Clark 10 two bronchogenic carcinoma patients and nine healthy controls were tested by means of the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test to assess the function of their cellular mediated immunity. Blood leukocytes were incubated with allogeneic melanoma-associated antigen obtained from potassium chloride extract of tumor cells. Fifteen malignant melanoma patients with clinical stage I-III (Clark level 2-5) showed positive LAI-reaction when leukocytes were tested with melanoma associated antigen. Leukocyte adherence inhibition was neither monitored in healthy controls, in patients with melanoma in situ, nor in those two patients with squamous and oat cell type bronchogenic carcinoma. Extracts prepared from normal skin showed no inhibitive effect on leukocyte adherence in malignant melanoma patients and controls. A decreased percentage of LAI was observed in malignant melanoma patients with disseminated disease due to an increased spontaneous leukocyte adherence in these patients. This increase in spontaneous leukocyte adherence was probably caused by non-specific activation of adherent cells (macrophages) as a result of the prolonged therapy and/or the progressive tumor levels in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Superoxide assay-leukocyte adherence inhibition test and a soluble factor which stimulates the adherence of macrophages.

A modified method for the leukocyte adherence inhibition test is described. Peritoneal cells from immune guinea pigs or peripheral mononuclear cells from cancer patients were incubated with immunizing antigen or tumor extract in a 4-mm-wide glass microcell for spectrophotometer analysis. Instead of visual cell counting, the cells adherent to the bottom of the microcell were stimulated with cytochalasin E and wheat germ agglutinin, and the amount of the superoxide (O2.-) generated from the adherent macrophages or monocytes was assayed. Antigen-specific adherence inhibition of peritoneal cells of the immunized guinea pigs was detected 2 weeks after immunization. In contrast, cell adherence was stimulated after 3 weeks. It was shown that a soluble factor was responsible for the adherence stimulation and that nonadherent cells were necessary for its production. Peripheral mononuclear cells of 70% of the tumor-bearing lung cancer patients reacted to the lung tumor extract (9 adherence inhibitions and 7 adherence stimulations per 23 patients). Twenty-five % (3 of 12) of tumor-free patients showed positive reactions, all with adherence stimulation. Of the 12 healthy donors, 3 cases of pneumonia, one case of angiosarcoma of the left flank, one case of hemangiopericytoma of the mediastinum, and 8 cases of breast cancer, non reacted with the lung tumor extract, and only one of 7 lung tuberculosis patients showed positive adherence stimulation.

Animals↗