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Results for “Legal Guardians”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

The psychiatrist as legal guardian.

Most discussions about legal guardianship pertain to special populations, such as the mentally retarded or demented. Except for the case of refusal of antipsychotic medication, little has been written about using guardianship to authorize nonemergency treatment for a person who is mentally ill and treatable. The authors present several cases in which a consulting or administrative psychiatrist served as a temporary guardian for a hospitalized patient's personal affairs. The psychiatrist-guardian authorized diagnostic procedures or ECT for the temporarily incompetent patient and was then discharged as guardian. The authors discuss the problems and limitations of such a role for the psychiatrist.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Elderly wards and their legal guardians: analysis of county probate records in Ohio and Washington.

We examined the demographic profiles of older wards and their guardians in Ohio and Washington states. The adjudication process, as experienced by older persons placed in legal guardianship, was also explored. Findings suggest that current state statutes of guardianship as they pertain to elders may not be feasible or fair. In particular, standardized and reliable assessments of competency are lacking; a family member's petition for guardianship is seldom challenged by the older person; and the primary goal of most guardianship cases to preserve the estate of the older individual.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Determination of incompetency and the functions of the legal guardian in decision processes regarding medial treatment for the ward].

In this article the author gives a general overview of the classification of incompetent persons, the determination of competency, and the role of the guardian or tutor according to the Civil Code of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. The article takes into consideration the special characteristics of the hospitals and the medical profession. Finally, the author gives his recommendations as to how hospitals and physicians should act in situations that involve incompetent patients in order to minimize the risk of possible legal responsibility.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1986

[Legal principles of organ transplantations].

In 1982 organ donation from deceased persons was put on a statutory footing, thus eliminating to a large extent any relevant legal uncertainty that had existed formerly. Organ donation from corpses is now legal - provided the patient or his legal guardian does not object to such donation before the former's death. Special permission is not required. Any objection voiced by a family member who is not acting as a legal guardian may be dismissed altogether. Before organ donation, proof of the onset of death has to be furnished by a physician authorized to exercise his profession. Detailed provisions under the law stipulate a ban on any profit-making action, the guarding of professional secrecy, as well as the appropriate keeping of records. Contrary to organ donation from deceased persons, organ donation from persons yet alive is still considered bodily injury under the penal code; such action can only be within the law if the donor him- or herself gives express permission in advance.

Austria↗
PubMed1985

Treating minors without their parents.

Minors frequently present to the ED for treatment without their legal guardians. In most such situations, it is best to contact the parents to obtain consent for treatment and to inform them about their child's problem. However, in some emergency situations or problems involving adolescent health, it may be impractical or damaging to contact the parents. In these situations, the law is sufficiently vague to protect the well-meaning physician who gives care to consenting minors for their own benefit. Of course, if problems result from the care which is rendered, the usual malpractice law will apply, and the physician will try to demonstrate that his treatment fit into one of the legal exceptions to the general rule.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

RETRACTION: Loss-of-Function CARS1 Variants in a Patient With Microcephaly, Developmental Delay, and a Brittle Hair Phenotype.

C. Del Greco, M. E. Kuo, D. E. C. Smith, M. I. Mendes, G. S. Salamons, M. Nemcovic, R. Kodrikova, S. Sestak, M. Stancheva, and A. Antonellis, "Loss-of-Function CARS1 Variants in a Patient With Microcephaly, Developmental Delay, and a Brittle Hair Phenotype," Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine 13, no. 2 (2025): e70078, https://doi.org/10.1002/mgg3.70078. The above article, published online on 18 February 2025 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Paraminder Dhillon; and Wiley Periodicals, LLC. The retraction has been agreed upon due to the lack of appropriate authorization for the publication of the CARS1 variants related to the specific patient described in this clinical report. In addition, written consent for publication was not obtained from the child's legal guardian.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1986

Mental retardation: a controversial indication for hysterectomy.

Some mentally retarded women, particularly those severely affected, may benefit from hysterectomy. Although the contraceptive effect of hysterectomy frequently may be useful, this procedure should be performed only in those women for whom menstrual hygeine is (or is anticipated to be) a major problem. A recommendation from a pediatrician or other physician who has an established relationship with the patient is a prerequisite to surgery. Likewise, informed written consent from the women's legal guardian must include a review of the risks and benefits of and alternatives to the proposed surgery. Our experience suggests that, for selected women with severe mental retardation, hysterectomy, albeit controversial, may improve the quality of life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

A phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vosoritide in children with hypochondroplasia: CANOPY HCH-3 study design.

BACKGROUND: Hypochondroplasia is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by disproportionate short stature that is caused by gain-of-function variants in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene (FGFR3), which negatively regulates endochondral bone growth. Current treatments are based on symptom management; there are no treatments targeting the signaling pathways that underlie hypochondroplasia. Vosoritide, a C-type natriuretic peptide analog that counteracts overactive FGFR3 signaling to stimulate endochondral bone growth, is approved for the treatment of achondroplasia in children. A phase 1/2 clinical trial demonstrated that vosoritide treatment for 1 year increased growth in children with hypochondroplasia and was well-tolerated. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of CANOPY HCH-3 are to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vosoritide for the treatment of hypochondroplasia in children. DESIGN: CANOPY HCH-3 was a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Children aged &#x2265;3 to <18 years with confirmed hypochondroplasia who had &#x2265;6 months of pre-treatment standing height from a prior observational study before randomization were enrolled. Participants were randomized to receive 52 weeks of daily treatment with vosoritide or placebo, followed by 2 weeks of safety follow-up. The primary endpoint is change from baseline in annualized growth velocity at week 52 versus placebo. ETHICS: CANOPY HCH-3 was conducted in accordance with the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences International Ethical Guidelines, the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and of Good Clinical Practice, and applicable laws and regulations. Protocols were approved by relevant local health authorities, ethics committees, and institutions. Written informed consent from the participant, or parent or legal guardian, was obtained prior to any study-related procedures being performed. DISCUSSION: CANOPY HCH-3 will provide further evidence for the efficacy and safety of vosoritide in children with hypochondroplasia.

clinical trial↗
PubMed1991

The development of scales to measure knowledge and preference for diet and physical activity behavior in 4- to 8-year-old children.

Although there is a sizable literature on determinants of health-related habits in adults, relatively little attention has been paid to influences on health habits in children. The purpose of this study was to (a) develop practical, reliable, and valid measures of knowledge of and preference for cardiovascular disease-related diet and exercise behaviors in children, and (b) assess parental influences on children's knowledge and preference. Eighty-one 4- to 8-year-old children from diverse ethnic backgrounds and their parent or legal guardian participated. Children were presented with 15 attractive photo-pairs of foods. One photograph was of a "healthful" food or activity, and the other was "unhealthful." They were asked to identify which food/activity of the pair they preferred, and which one they thought was more healthy. Children were retested after 1 week to determine test-retest reliability. Validity of the preference tests was determined by giving the child actual choices of the same activity and food pairs. Validity of knowledge tests was determined by testing children after an educational intervention session. The alpha coefficients, test-retest reliabilities, and validity data generally indicated that food preference and knowledge tests had adequate psychometric properties, but the physical activity scales did not. Very few parental influences on health-related behavior were detected.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1991

Drug addiction, pregnancy, and childbirth: legal issues for the medical and social services communities.

There are many new legal issues emerging as a consequence of the large number of women who abuse drugs during pregnancy. As a result, the medical community has to take greater steps to advise women of the consequences of actions taken during pregnancy. Physicians and hospitals also must develop protocols for obtaining informed consent of a parent or legal guardian before drug tests are run on newborns and for reporting cases of infants born drug dependent. This article focuses on the conflicting interests and rights involved and offers some concrete ideas as to how these interests might be balanced.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Ethical aspects of AIDS in childhood in England.

Among the special moral concerns applicable to the management of HIV infection in childhood are those relating to consent, confidentiality and the child's rights to medical care and to opportunities for normal development. There may be conflicts of interest between the parents and the child both in connection with natural parents (mother-infant transmission) or with legal guardians, particularly when parental rights have been transferred to state agencies. Although the number of children with HIV infection or suffering from AIDS and its related conditions is small, there is a need for more understanding and for more comprehensive guidance about the ethical problems arising in this group of victims.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Legal incompetents' need for guardians in Florida.

This study assesses the alleged need for guardians in Florida. A survey of the state's 74 public receiving facilities, community mental health centers, and clinics; 30 private receiving facilities; 11 Aging and Adult district offices; Developmental Services institutional and residential placements; and six state mental hospitals revealed that 11,147 persons in Florida reportedly need a legal guardian. The limitations, implications, and possible policy responses to this alleged need are discussed.

Community Mental Health Services↗