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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Lanolin allergy: crisis or comedy.

Lanolin has been applied to human skin from at least Egyptian times. Its virtues as an emollient and vehicle for cosmetics and drugs have been extolled for centuries. 50 years ago, a fly was found in the ointment--the first case of lanolin allergy was reported (1). Since then lanolin has achieved considerable notoriety as a contact sensitizer. Dozens of articles in the dermatologic literature emphasize the high frequency of lanolin allergy. European dermatologists seem to have become especially sensitized to lanolin allergy. Medical students learn early on, that medicaments in lanolin bases are hazardous. Every novice knows that lanolin is a sensitizer! The nadir of lanolin's fall from grace has been reached in advertisements of topical drugs which emphasize the absence of lanolin in the vehicle. These denouncements by dermatologists have not slowed down the demand for lanolin. About 2 billion pounds of finished cosmetics contain lanolin or its derivatives. It is impossible to reconcile this expanding market with the apprehensions of skin doctors. It is my intention to review the history of lanolin allergy, to present experimental data on its contact sensitizing potential and to put the risk of lanolin allergy in perspective.

Alcohols↗
PubMed1996

The lanolin paradox.

Several puzzling aspects of the use of lanolin are discussed as "lanolin paradoxes', in analogy with the 'paraben paradoxes'. Lanolin in topical therapeutic agents sensitizes a high proportion of patients, whereas the same lanolin is 'safe' in cosmetics so widely used by millions of individuals. Patients with an allergic contact dermatitis to lanolin in a medication applied to a stasis ulcer can nevertheless use lanolin-containing cosmetics and not experience a reaction. Lanolin-sensitive individuals often show false-negative patch test reactions to unaltered lanolin. Patch testing with 30% wool wax alcohols used in the standard patch test tray cannot be considered a reliable method for detecting and confirming lanolin allergies. There are too many false-positive and false-negative results using the standard patch test tray.

Cosmetics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lanolin and epidermal growth factor in healing of partial-thickness pig wounds.

A total of 80 partial-thickness wounds (4.4 cm2 size, 400 micron deep) was inflicted by electrokeratome in the dermal skin layer of four piglets, 15 kg body weight. The wounds were treated with gauze (control), lanolin cream (Lanolor or Lanolin with emulsifiers, Squibb) or with human epidermal growth factor (EGF) delivered in lanolin cream (10 micrograms EGF/mL cream). The treatment was applied every 12 hours for 12 to 120 hours after wounding. The reepithelization rate of the wound was determined by standardized morphometric method. In addition, we measured the thickness of the dermis and cell counts in the dermis. We found that most of the statistically significant enhancement of the epithelization rate, thickness of the dermis, and higher cell count in the dermis were attributed to the effect of lanolin cream alone. The additional significant enhancement of healing by EGF over that of lanolin alone was documented in one of our experiments, but was only marginal. In another experiment using another commercial formulation of lanolin, we found no difference between the effect of EGF and lanolin. Several hypotheses were suggested to explain the effect of the two tested lanolin cream formulations, which induced strong inflammatory reaction in the wound.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

Allergy to lanolin.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the frequency of lanolin allergy during two periods and to assess the adequacy of testing with one standard allergen. Among 1230 consecutive patients with eczema who were standard patch tested, 33 (2.7%), 21 females and 12 males, gave a positive reaction to wool alcohols. Among 899 consecutive patients with eczema standard patch testd and also tested with the lanolin derivatives hydrogenated lanolin 30% in soft yellow paraffin, Amerchol L 101, and a mixture of lanolin derivatives, 60 patients (6.6%), 48 females and 12 males, gave a positive reaction to lanolin and/or its derivatives. The results show that testing with one standard lanolin allergen is inadequate for detecting lanolin allergy.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

Testing a purified lanolin preparation by a randomized procedure.

Patients with a previous contact allergy to lanolin (wool alcohols and/or Amerchol L 101) were patch tested 1 to 4 years later with lanolin allergens, as well as purified anhydrous lanolin contained in a commercial cream. At this retest, only 20 out of 33 patients with a previous contact allergy to lanolin reacted to lanolin allergens, and only 1 to the purified lanolin (as is). None reacted to the commercial cream containing 6% purified lanolin, this being ascertained by patch test as well as by usage test. To avoid bias at reading, patch tests were applied in a randomized computer-based order and read blindly.

Allergens↗
PubMed1975

Hypersensitivity to hydrogenated lanolin.

The number of patients with dermatitis from applied betamethasone-17-valerate ointment, which incorporated hydrogenated lanolin, rapidly increased in Japan after 1971. On patch testing, the incidence of hypersensitivity to hydrogenated lanolin is significantly higher than to anhydrous lanolin at the 1% level, that is 5.20% (26/502) with the former and 1.99% (10/502) with the latter, although sensitivity to both materials is significantly related at the 0.5% level. The possible explanations considered are that hydrogenated lanolin contains three main allergens: the first is a group of lanolin alcohols which are the common eczematogens in anhydrous lanolin; the second refers to the products of hydrogenation, composed of saturated, easily oxidized, organic substances of low molecular weight; and the third refers to traces of nickel, copper and chromium, as a result of contamination in the hydrogenation process.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The myth of lanolin allergy.

Lanolin has the reputation of being an important contact sensitizer. The market place abounds with products that are labeled "lanolin free". In fact, lanolin is at most a weak contact allergen. The supposed hazards of sensitization to lanolin products are a resultant of faulty science and failure to appreciate the limitations of patch testing. Lanolin allergy is a myth created mainly by overzealous professional patch testers. No one has succeeded in sensitizing animals or humans to lanolin or wool wax alcohols. Most of the case reports are false positives, in association with the angry back syndrome.

Dermatitis, Allergic Contact↗
PubMed1977

Lanolin with reduced sensitizing potential. A preliminary note.

The allergens of lanolin appear to lie in the content of natural free fatty alcohols rather than in the total alcohols as hitherto supposed. The detectable incidence of allergy is increased by the simultaneous presence of detergent. Amongst selected lanolin-sensitive skin patients, removal of both free fatty alcohols and detergent from lanolin reduces the incidence of detectable hypersensitivity by 96%. Methods are described for determining free fatty alcohols and detergent in lanolin, and for removing them.

Dermatitis, Atopic↗
PubMed1984

An attempt to isolate and identify allergens in lanolin.

One sensitizer, a sterol, has previously been reported to be present in lanolin. In this study, a related substance, a sterol, with a molecular weight of 424 has been isolated. A few sensitive subjects did not react to this substance. Lanolin probably contains several sensitizers. Sensitization to lanolin in guinea pigs seems previously to have failed. In this study, a methanol extract of a lanolin preparation containing large amounts of sterols sensitized guinea pigs.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of lanolin alcohol films and kinetics of triamcinolone acetonide release.

The film-forming potential of lanolin alcohol was evaluated. Inclusion of ethylcellulose in lanolin alcohol improved film integrity. The hardness and modulus of elasticity of these lanolin alcohol-ethylcellulose films were improved by incorporating propylene glycol or cetyl alcohol. Triamcinolone acetonide release from selected film compositions was investigated. The data were analyzed from the viewpoint of the first-order kinetic theory and the release from a planar system having a homogeneous or granular matrix. The results suggest that the drug release follows a diffusion-controlled matrix model and a square root of time release profile. The release rate constants were proportional to drug concentration. Drug release was maximal from a system containing the drug in a near-saturated solution.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1991

Loss of lanolin patch-test positivity.

Thirty-seven patients who had shown a relevant positive patch-test response to lanolin within the previous 5 years were retested. Only 41% demonstrated persistence of the positive patch test to lanolin. Analysis according to age, sex, atopic status, interval between patch testings, strength of the original response and the number of concurrent reactions, were not associated with the persistence of the lanolin response.

Adult↗