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Results for “Labor, Induced”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

The stretch modulus of human cervical tissue in spontaneous, oxytocin-induced, and prostaglandin E2-induced labor.

A total of 62 strips of cervical tissue from 28 patients at term were tested for stiffness (stretch modulus) by elongation and measuring the tension produced by a given stretch. The stretch modulus was taken as the slope of the linear regression curve derived from the linear portion of the stress-strain relationship. The data were obtained from three patient categories: (1) 17 strips from seven patients undergoing spontaneous labor, (2) 18 strips form 10 patients with labor induced by PGE2, and (3) 27 strips from 11 patients with labor induced by oxytocin. The stretch moduli of cervical tissue obtained from spontaneous and oxytocin-induced labor patients were similar. The stretch moduli of cervical tissue obtained from PGE2-induced labor patients were significantly lower than those from either the spontaneous or the oxytocin-induced labor groups. These results show that PGE2, when used for induction of labor at term, has the ability to lower the stiffness of cervical tissue. This property of prostaglandin may be useful therapeutically for the indicated induction of labor in patients with an unfavorable cervix.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1979

A comparison of three methods for inducing labor: oral prostaglandin E2, buccal desaminooxytocin, intravenous oxytocin.

A study of labor induction in 325 patients is reported. Group I (77 patients with Bioshop's scores 0-6) and 2 (69 patients with Bishop's scores 7-12) were given 0.5 mg prostaglandin E2 every half hour (maximum 5 mg per day). Group 3 (87 patients with Bishop's scores 0-6) was givne 50 International units of buccal desaminooxytocin every half hour (maximum 500 International units per day). In Group 4 (92 patients with Bishop's scores 7-12), labor was induced by primary amniotomy and automatic oxytocin infusion by the Cardiff method. In groups 1, 2 and 3, 45 per cent, 74 per cent and 41 per cent delivered within 48 hours, while 100 per cent in group 4 delivered within 24 hours. No differences were found in either the frequency of cesarean section or the incidence of low Apgar scores. A higher, but not statistically significant frequency of vacuum extraction was found in the Cardiff group (25 per cent) than in the tablet-induced groups (15 per cent). There was, however, a significantly higheroccurrence of alterations in fetal heart rate which led to instrumental intervention to hasten delivery in the Cardiff group compared to the tablet-induced patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Reproductive performance after prostaglandin-induced labor.

The data of this follow-up study fail to prove that elective induction of labor at term by amniotomy and intravenously or orally administered PGF2alpha or PGE2 has an untoward effect on reproductive performance. If, however, the procedure is complicated by a serious degree of sustained uterine hyperstimulation, permanent damage to the internal cervical os may ensue, as illustrated by one of our patients.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1979

Human fetal breathing activity during electively induced labor at term.

Human fetal breathing movements were measured during the first stage of electively induced labor in 20 healthy term pregnancies. Fetuses made breathing movements 25.6% of the time during a 1 hour control period and breathing decreased significantly to 8.3% during latent-phase labor and further decreased to 0.8% during active labor (P less than 0.001). Patterns of increased fetal breathing activity accompanied by increased gross fetal body movements and increased fetal heart rate variability for periods of 20 to 60 minutes out of every 1.0 to 1.5 hours were observed, and the intermittent patterns of increased body movement and heart rate variability continued throughout the first stage of labor despite the decrease in fetal breathing activity during latent- and active-phase labor. It will be important to account for rest activity patterns when interpreting variability of heart rate during labor. The absence of fetal breathing activity during electively induced labor at term is not a clinical indicator of fetal ill health.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1976

Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism during human labor: free fatty acids, glucose, insulin, and lactic acid metabolism during normal and oxytocin-induced labor for postmaturity.

This investigation was performed to study the metabolism of the major body fuels (viz. glucose and free fatty acids), insulin, and lactic acid during the stress of human labor. In addition, the role of the normal placenta in the transport of these substances between mother and the fetus was evaluated by measuring them in the mother and cord blood at delivery. To study possible alterations of this role in the placenta which had exceeded the normal period of gestation, a second comparable group of women had labor induced with oxytocin 16-18 days beyond the expected date of delivery. A dramatic twofold increase in maternal plasma free fatty acids was observed during labor. There was a lesser but definite increase in blood glucose concentrations. No rise in serum insulin levels was noted which coincided with the changes in blood glucose. Lactic acid concentrations during the course of labor were variable from baseline but at delivery, the concentrations rose to very significant levels. Free fatty acids and blood glucose levels were significantly higher in the maternal than in the fetal side. A significantly positive correlation was noted between the maternal and cord blood values except for free fatty acids in the postmature group. No significant difference, nor a correlation was found between the two compartments in the insulin nor lactic acid levels. These results suggest that during human labor free fatty acids are the principal metabolic fuel. This increase in maternal free fatty acids may serve to spare glucose as a metabolic fuel in the fetus. The mechanism responsible for the increase maternal free fatty acid mobilization remains to be determined. It is not possible to discern any consistant alteration in placental function as a consequence of prolonged gestation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Secretion rate of prostaglandin F during induced labor in goats.

Relationships between plasma flow and plasma concentrations of prostaglandin F were examined in the utero-ovarian veins of three pregnant goats. Plasma flow, measured by veno-arterial dilution of para-Aminohippurate in two goats, was unchanged or increased slightly when PGF concentrations were elvated by short-term infusions of PGF2alpha into a uterine vein. Utero-ovarian plasma flow was measured during labor in two goats. Flow doubled during advanced labor and then decreased sharply to very low rates during the terminal expulsive phase of stage II labor. A total of 8.3 and 9.5 mg PGF was released into the utero-ovarian vein of two goats during the last 6 hours before fetal delivery and maximal release rates of approximately 100 ug. min-1 were obtained some 5-10 minutes before delivery was completed. The highest plasma concentrations of PGF were detected immediately after completion of fetal delivery when utero-ovarian plasma flows were lowest.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1976

On the influence of prostaglandin F2alpha-induced labor at term on the metabolism and coagulation of mother and fetus.

11 pregnancies at term were terminated by dilatation of the uterine cervix, low amniotomy, and by intravenous administration of PGF2alpha. The average infusion time was 3 hours 55 minutes, and the average total dose of PGF2alpha amounted to 2.0 mg. Parameters of acid-base changes, carbohydrate and energic state changes, gas metabolism, and changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis in mother and in fetus were analyzed during labor and after birth. Labor activity and fetal cardiac action were monitored cardiotocographically. Checked against 50 uncomplicated spontaneous deliveries, we found no disadvantageous changes in the parameters investigated.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1975

Respiratory function during prostaglandin-induced labor.

In a group of patients receiving intraamniotic injection of prostaglandin F2alpha or intramuscular injection of a methyl analogue of prostaglandin E2 for the termination of pregnancy, significant ariway constriction was demonstrated. The greatest responses were seen in 2 patients who had personal or family histories of asthma. If such patients receive prostaglandins, they should be carefully monitored to detect clinically important airway obstruction.

Amnion↗