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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Intra- and postoperative complications in interventions of the kidney, kidney calices and upper ureter].

Open routine operations on the kidney and the renal calyces have diminished in favour of endourological methods. Renal and renal pelvis calculi as well as ureteral calculi are rarely approached through open operation. Selective indications for operation depend on special situations and anatomy, since complications such as injury to large abdominal wall nerves, the peritoneum or the pleura present no problem for the skilled surgeon. The control of a sudden and serious hemorrhage coming from the renal hilus or the vena cava surely is an important complication, which should not be underestimated, and stopping such hemorrhages requires knowledge of the peritoneal stepwise method of stopping a hemorrhage. Secondary and multiple operations on the kidney need a clear tactical treatment concept. This is presented in a four-phase-concept. To avoid or control intra- and postoperative complications when operacting on the renal calyces or the upper ureter it is still important to respect the old rules of temporary diversion of urine and to know reconstructive methods of the urinary tract.

Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1990

[Diverticular calculi of the kidney calices--extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, percutaneous extraction or open surgery].

The incidence of caliceal diverticula, mostly found on routine excretory urography, is very low. The indications for treatment include chronic or recurrent pyelonephritis, pain, gross hematuria and renal damage. There is controversy as to which treatment is best: extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous techniques, or traditional open surgery. Since 1984, 27 patients with 28 caliceal diverticula calculi have been treated. Ten patients underwent ESWL, 13 patients percutaneous treatment, and 4 patients open surgery. The success rates as far as a stone-free status is concerned were: 1 patient (ESWL), 10 (percutaneous), and 4 (open surgery). There were no complications due to ESWL or open surgical treatment. Direct traumata such as severe bleeding in two and hydrothorax in one patient occurred during the training phase of the percutaneous techniques. Due to the low complication rate, non-invasive ESWL treatment should be tried first. The indications for percutaneous removal of calculi in caliceal diverticula depend on two aspects: it should be possible to puncture the caliceal diverticula via by a short parenchymal route coaxial to the axis of the calix and, if the intercostal approach is used, a pleural lesion must be excluded. If these requirements cannot be fulfilled, open surgical treatment should be performed, especially if the diverticula are located in the upper and anterior part of the kidney.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Possible factors affecting dilatation of maternal kidney calices in pregnancy].

In a retrospective analysis we examined several factors in regard to the dilatation of the renal calyces during pregnancy in a normal group of 187 pregnant women between 8 and 42 weeks of pregnancy. The dilatation of the calyceal system was more frequent in case of preceded pyelonephritis, in primipara and bipara, and in younger pregnant patients. We found a significant increase of the dilatation with progress of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ultrasonography of pregnancy-induced dilatation of maternal kidney calices in a normal patient sample].

To examine the physiological changes of the calyceal system during pregnancy, we selected a normal group of 187 pregnant women by anamnestic, clinical, ultrasonic and laboratory findings. The sonographic investigation of renal pelvis, renal calyces and ureters revealed a more frequent and more pronounced dilatation of the right side. The dilatation was more marked as expected by literature. The complete involution post partum occurred mostly during the first ten days. Even after marked dilatations, a parenchymal reduction could not be found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Extravasation of contrast medium from kidney calices in overfilling of the urinary bladder].

The most frequent cause of contrast media extravasation from the renal pelvis is a nephrourolithiasis. There are frequent causes enumerated in the literature, that are also characterized by a mechanical obstruction of the contrast media excretion. The presented case reports are characterized by a technical dependency, namely a long angiographic investigation and an overfilling of the urinary bladder without any indication of an organical excretory impediment. The clinical consequence of such observations should be discussed. 150 ml contrast media should not be exceeded during one examination.

Brachiocephalic Trunk↗
PubMed2002

[Prediction of calculus clearance after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of calculi in the inferior kidney calices. Application of the artificial neural network].

The purpose of this retrospective study was to define prognostic factors which determine the stone clearance (SC) for lower caliceal stones after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and to compare the prediction accuracy of artificial neural network analysis (ANNA) and standard computational methods. Since January 1995, 321 renal units in 310 patients with single or multiple inferior caliceal calculi of all sizes and compositions have been treated with ESWL (Lithotriptor: Piezolith 2500, Wolf company). The classification accuracy of ANNA in the test set was 94%, with a sensitivity of 95%, a specificity of 92%, and a receiver operating characteristic curve area of 0.966, results significantly better than those yielded by a logistic regression analysis (classification accuracy 77%, sensitivity 75%, specificity 81%, and ROC curve area 0.779). Patients with lower renal caliceal stones appear to have the best chance of successful ESWL when their body mass index (BMI) and urinary transport (UT) are normal, the infundibular width (IW) is 5 mm or more, and the infundibular ureteropelvic angle (IUPA) is 45 degrees or more. Stone size and composition, as factors of SC, are not statistically significant. After determining the angle, width, and UT in patients with optimal age and body mass suitable for ESWL, SC can be achieved irrespective of stone size and composition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The quantitative analysis of the x-ray changes in the kidney calices in chronic pyelonephritis in children].

As many as 89 patients aged 6 months to 14 years with microbial inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract and 40 controls of the same age were examined. Of the patients, 55 had chronic pyelonephritis, 21 acute pyelonephritis, and 13 an infection of the urinary tract. For examination use was made of the planimetric method of measuring the width of the fornix and the cervix of the renal calyces on excretory urography. The fornicocervical index, product of the indicated parameters of the calyces, was computed. In health, that index did not exceed 24 units. In the majority of patients suffering from chronic pyelonephritis, it turned out higher. The false negative results were obtained in 7 cases. The fornicocervical index remained unchanged in patients with acute pyelonephritis and urinary tract infection. It is suggested that the fornicocervical index be computed for use as an objective criterion in the diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Late caliceal fistula after kidney transplantation.

Caliceal fistula is a rare urological complication that can occur usually shortly after kidney transplantation (KTx). The occlusion of the renal accessory artery with subsequent necrosis of the kidney pole is the most common cause of the fistula development. We report a case of a 57-year-old man with reconstruction of two accessory renal arteries by anastomosis to the side of the main artery during graft placement complicated by late caliceal fistula, managed surgically. Directly after KTx good kidney graft function (serum creatinine concentration 151 micromol/L) was observed. The patient noticed protuberance and pain in the kidney graft area 5 months later. Diagnostic imaging revealed moderate urostasis and liquid collection in the region of the lower graft pole. Administration of a contrast medium through the inserted drain visualized a fistula of a lower renal calyx and ureteric stenosis. Percutaneous drainage was applied with subsequent stop of diuresis through the urethral catheter. During the surgery, the resection of a lower kidney graft pole necrosis was performed, with the closure of caliceal fistula. Simultaneously double pigtail ureteric stent was inserted. After the next two months the pigtail catheter was removed, and neither urostasis in the kidney graft nor liquid collection in the perigraft area were observed. The exceptionality of the case is the late caliceal fistula occurrence. We may only speculate, why it happened 5 months after KTx. The thrombosis of stenosed accessory artery is the most probable cause.

Constriction, Pathologic↗