Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Keratoconjunctivitis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Topical fibronectin in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Chiron Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Study Group.

Topical fibronectin was evaluated for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in a multicenter, double-masked, controlled study in which 272 patients were randomly assigned to treatment. Patients with documented clinical evidence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca received either fibronectin, a vehicle alone, or a commercially available artificial tear. Evaluation at baseline, 21, 42, and 63 days consisted of patient self-evaluation of symptoms, rose bengal and fluorescein staining, tear breakup time, Schirmer's testing, and conjunctival impression cytology. Although all groups showed improvements in most study variables during the course of the study, there were no statistically significant differences found between any of the groups. Topical fibronectin does not appear to be more effective than artificial tears in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and chronic papillary conjunctivitis in London due to adenovirus type 19.

Since July 1973 cases of keratoconjunctivitis resembling epidemic keratoconjunctivitis were observed in the External Eye Disease Clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital; City Road, London. Adenovirus type 19 was isolated in human embryonic kidney cells from 21 patients. The majority were males between 20 and 40 years old. A small hospital outbreak involving six patients occurred. Clinical features of the disease, consisting of moderate to severe follicular conjunctivitis, major subepithelial punctate keratitis, sometimes with pseudomembrane and scarring, were closely similar to those of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 8. This similarity, as well as the ability of the agent to cause hospital outbreaks, indicates that adenovirus type 19 is a cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. A case of bilateral chronic papillary conjunctivitis that persisted for 16 months following an acute onset was described. Adeno 19 was isolated from the eye of the patient after 12 months of recrudescent or recurrent illness. Chronic adenovirus infection lacking the usual clinical picture of an acute follicular reaction has not hitherto been described. Such cases are probably important because of the obvious danger of continuing the carriage and shedding of infective adeno 19 from one outbreak to another, by presenting subsequently in eye clinics, and providing an unrecognised source of infection to initiate further outbreaks of hospital transmission.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1976

Mycoplasmas and ovine keratoconjunctivitis.

The clinical course of an outbreak of keratoconjunctivitis in housed lambs and their dams was followed. Signs were transient generally and became severe in only a small proportion of lambs. The outbreak became most obvious when the lambs were 46 to 55 days old, when 46.9 per cent were affected. Mycoplasma conjunctivae isolations, confirmed by comparison with the type strain by biochemical and serological reactions, increased to 62.1 per cent of all eyes swabbed, but no correlation could be demonstrated between presence of the organism and clinical status. The reasons for this are discussed. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae was also recovered from the eyes of a small number of lambs. Instillation of a broth culture of M conjunctivae into the conjunctival sacs of four hoggs produced a transient keratoconjunctivitis similar to that observed in the field, but no effect was observed in animals inoculated intravenously. M conjunctivae may therefore be the aetiological agent of non-follicular infectious ovine keratoconjunctivitis, although further work in gnotobiotic or specific pathogen free lambs is required to establish the fact beyond doubt.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Cytologic diagnosis of adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis by direct immunofluorescence.

A direct immunofluorescence technique for the diagnosis of acute adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis and pharyngoconjunctivitis was found to be a reliable, sensitive, and specific technique for the detection of soluble adenoviral antigens in epithelial cells on conjunctival scrapings of patients with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Of 25 patients with clinical findings consistent with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis or pharyngoconjunctival fever, all had positive diagnostic scrapings by direct immunofluorescence.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1978

[Isolation of chlamydia in keratoconjunctivitis].

Two isolates, identified as Chlamydia (neorickettsia) were obtained from the lacrimal secretion of calves with an acute infection on two of a total of four investigated farms with a record of infectious keratoconjunctivitis. In about 70% of the calves that survived there were complement-fixing antibodies against the neorickettsial antigen, the titers ranging from 1:8 to 1:64. Calves that yielded the causative agent were investigated in terms of the antibody dynamics. In the remaining herds no specific antibodies were demonstrated in animals that had survived. One of the isolated strains was used to infect (via the external camera oculi) a rabbit. Acute keratoconjunctivitis followed, and the blood serum of the rabbit was found to contain complement-fixing antibodies of a titer within the 1:8-1:16 range from the 30th day on. A neorickettsial strain was also isolated from the ocular secretion of a dog with serofibrinous keratoconjunctivitis, and this was regarded as a rarely encountered finding.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Bacterial keratitis associated with vernal keratoconjunctivitis.

We cared for two patients with longstanding vernal keratoconjunctivitis who had bacterial corneal ulcers in each eye. Both patients were young, black, and had histories of atopy. The patients came for treatment with acute symptoms of pain, redness, and reduced vision in the affected eye. On examination in each case we found an epithelial defect associated with dense stromal infiltration, a calcific plaque in the bed of the ulcer, and a severe anterior chamber reaction, including a hypopyon in two cases. Cultures of corneal scrapings from all four eyes were positive for Staphylococcus aureus, and three of the four infections were polymicrobial. All four eyes responded rapidly to intensive topical antibiotic therapy, debridement of the calcific plaque, and subsequent treatment with topical corticosteroids and/or cromolyn sodium. Bacterial keratitis can occur in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis, especially those with vernal corneal ulcers. The abnormalities of ocular immune mechanisms found in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis may predispose them to bacterial keratitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Clinical and immunologic responses in patients with viral keratoconjunctivitis.

Of 120 individuals suffering from follicular conjunctivitis, with or without keratitis, 56 had epidemic keratoconjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 8. The remaining 64 patients had keratoconjunctivitis produced by several different viruses, including herpes simplex, adenoviruses types 3, 7, 8, 16, 21, and 29, and others. Positive viral cultures were difficult to obtain after the first week of illness in most viral infections. Serologic tests were far more successful in indetifying causative agents. Hemagglutination-inhibition tests in adenovirus infections proved to be fast, accurate, and more sensitive than other serologic tests. Among the epidemic and nonepidemic adenovirus groups, the degree of corneal involvement in the infections appeared to be correlated with the level antibody against the infectious agent. Patients with low antibody titers had more severe keratitis than those with high titers. This correlation was true for both the epidemic and non epidemic patients.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1976

Use of vidarabine in epidemic keratoconjunctivitis due to adenovirus types 3, 7, 8, and 19.

Adenovirus types 3,7,8, and 19 were isolated during an outbreak of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. There was no clinically recognizable difference in the severity of the disease produced by each adenovirus type. Twenty-nine patients with positive viral cultures were given either 3.3% vidarabine ointment or polyvinyl alcohol eyedrops within five days of the onset od disease, and were observed for at least 14 days. An observer unaware of which medication was prescribed found subepithelial corneal infiltrates in 81% of vidarabine-treated patients and in 63% of control subjects. Vidarabine was ineffective in preventing subepithelial corneal infiltrates in keratoconjunctivitis caused by adenovirus.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1976

Clinical and laboratory evaluation of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis due to adenovirus types 8 and 19.

During a community outbreak of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis due to adenovirus types 8 and 19, we compared the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the two viruses. Much of the disease was mild and the keratoconjunctivitis associated with adenovirus type 8 was indistinguishable clinically from that associated with adenovirus type 19. Adenovirus type 8 was isolated only from the conjunctival sac, whereas adenovirus type 19 was frequently cultured from the nose, throat, and conjunctiva. The two adenovirus types were never isolated from the same individual. In a prospective study of ten individuals exposed to known cases, adenovirus type 19 was isolated from two without clinical disease.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1979

Five-year analysis of adenovirus 8 antibody levels in an industrial community following an outbreak of keratoconjunctivitis.

Serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers were monitored for five years with samples from 79 keratoconjunctivitis patients with type 8 adenovirus (AV-8) infection. Geometric mean antibody titers declined from 1:161 at the peak of the epidemic to 1:56 after five years. Computerized analysis of the decline in geometric mean antibody titer indicates that most patients will have a serum HI titer of 1:25 by 10 years after their clinical infection. These residual antibody levels and the consistent failure to document re-infection with AV-8 suggest that recurrent episodes of keratoconjunctivitis are caused by adenovirus serotypes other than type 8.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1992

Unpreserved carboxymethylcellulose artificial tears evaluated in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

In order to evaluate the therapeutic value of an unpreserved carboxymethylcellulose-based artificial tear in treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), 56 patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca were enrolled, at a single study center, in a randomized, double-masked, 8-week comparison with a preserved hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HMC)-based artificial tear. Patients treated with the carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-based tear showed significant improvement in fluorescein staining, symptoms, and impression cytology grades. Patients treated with HMC-based tears showed minimal improvement in a few variables. Impression cytology specimens were analyzed by a modified technique that maps the distribution of the various grades present on the specimen. With this technique, improvement in the cytology grades was noted in the group of patients using CMC-based tears. The improvement correlated with observed decreases in symptoms of discomfort and with scores for superficial punctate staining. This study supports the observed therapeutic value of unpreserved CMC-based artificial tears and suggests the possible reversal of squamous metaplasia in patients with KCS. Further studies are required to separate the benefit of the CMC formulation from the benefits of preservative elimination.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca with liquid paraffin or polyvinyl alcohol in double-blind trial.

Twenty-two eyes affected with keratoconjunctivitis sicca have been subjected to double trials using the double-blind randomized cross-over technique. Polyvinyl alcohol in a 5% concentration improved the condition whereas liquid paraffin aggravated it, as estimated subjectively, and by the measurement of the break up time of the corneal film, and, finally, by the scoring of rose bengal vital staining of exposed cornea and conjunctiva. The conclusion is drawn that oil is contraindicated in keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and that rose bengal scoring (modified Bijsterveld method) is a valuable aid in control of the sicca syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Epidemic caprine keratoconjunctivitis: recovery of Mycoplasma conjunctivae and its possible role in pathogenesis.

Clinical, microbiological, serological, histological, and therapeutic aspects of two separate outbreaks of caprine keratoconjunctivitis are described. The disease was characterized by a high rate of contagion, rapid onset, intense lacrimation, conjunctival hyperemia, and corneal opacity with neovascularization. In addition, many of the animals developed respiratory illness during the second epidemic. The only organism consistentlyisolated was Mycoplasma conjunctivae. A total of 23 strains were isolated from 18 inflamed conjunctivae, one normal conjunctiva, and the nasal secretions of four goats with concomitant respiratory illness. The convalescent sera of goats in the first outbreak had neutralizing antibody titers to M. conjunctivae that ranged from 1:32 to 1:256. In the milder second outbreak the antibody titers ranged from 1:4 to 1:32 in animals with only ocular disease and from 1:4 to 1:64 in animals with only respiratory disease. Whereas little change was noted in antibody titers of goats with only localized eye disease, 43% of the goats with respiratory disease showed significant fourfold rises. The histological picture was consistent with acute corneal infection. Animals requiring antibiotic treatment appeared to respond favorably to a combination of oxytetracycline and polymyxin B, but not to penicillin. These findings suggest that M. conjunctivae is one cause of epidemic caprine keratoconjunctivitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Epidemic caprine keratoconjunctivitis: experimentally induced disease with a pure culture of Mycoplasma conjunctivae.

The induction of caprine keratoconjunctivitis by the subconjunctival inoculation of a cloned culture of Mycoplasma conjunctivae is described. The clinical course of the experimental disease was similar to that noted in naturally occurring outbreaks of "pink-eye" among goats, and biopsies of inflamed conjunctivae showed similar histological response. M. conjunctivae was consistently recovered from the inflamed conjunctival tissues of inoculated animals that developed ocular disease, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates and establishing this organism as an etiological agent of caprine keratoconjunctivitis. Immunological studies suggested that cellular immune mechanisms may play a role in protecting animals from disease produced by this mycoplasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Adenovirus type 21 keratoconjunctivitis.

A case of keratoconjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 21 in London has been described. A 59-year-old woman attented hospital in August 1974 complaining of a 3-week history of redness, grittiness, watery discharge, and photophobia in her left eye and a slight upper respiratory infection. Clinical examination showed a moderate follicular conjuctivitis mainly in the lower and upper fornices, which lasted for 6 weeks. In the cornea a moderate amount of epithelial and subepithelial punctate keratitis was observed. The subepithelial opacities were coarse, discrete, and round and lasted for 4 months. The course of follicular conjunctivitis and the subepithelial punctate keratitis in this patient was similar to epidemic keratoconjunctivitis caused by adenovirus 8. A conjunctival swabbing collected from this patient was positive for adenovirus serotype 21.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1978

Acute follicular conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis due to herpes simplex virus in London.

During the 18 months January 1975 to June 1976, 25 cases of acute herpetic follicular conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis resembling adenovirus ocular infection presented in the External Eye Disease Clinic, Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, London. Herpes simplex virus was isolated in HEp2 cells in 22 patients, and the remaining 3 patients were identified by a minimum 4-fold rise in the level of antiherpes simplex virus antibody in their blood. No adenovirus was isolated from these patients, but complement fixation test for adenovirus was positive in 1 patient with cultural test positive for herpes simplex virus. Most patients were between 20 and 35 years old and the ratio of males to females was 12 to 13. At the initial visit the clinical features of disease were moderate to severe conjunctival papillary and follicular reasons with epithelial and subepithelial punctate keratitis but little systemic disease. In the absence of typical herpetic lesions of face, lids, or cornea the disease resembled adenovirus types 8 or 19 keratoconjunctivitis. Of these 25 patients 5 subsequently developed typical herpetic lesions of lids or cornea. In the remaining 20 cases the correct diagnosis could be made only by cultural or serological tests. Virological diagnosis provides a rational basis for antiherpetic chemotherapy, which appears to shorten the course of infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The aetiology of a keratoconjunctivitis occurring in goats in the Sudan.

An infectious keratoconjunctivitis occurring in goats in the Sudan is described. Experimental transmission using infective ocular discharges resulted in a conjunctivitis in young kids and a severe keratoconjunctivitis in an adult goat. A pleomorphic organism which resembled Rickettsia spp was found in conjunctival smears from naturally and experimentally infected animals. Neither Mycoplasma nor Chlamydia spp were isolated in microbiological cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis I. Experimental production.

One or both eyes of 20 calves were inoculated one or more time with variou(s combinations of microorganism (live oor killed Moraxella bovis, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine adenovirus, bovine parainfluenza-3 virus and Mycoplasma bovoculi) by conjunctival instillation or direct inoculation of the conjunctivea or cornea. The eyes of all the calves received natural or artificial ultraviolet irradiation. Neither the adenovirus nor parainfluenza-3 virus became established in the eye or produced keratoconjunctivitis. Both M. bovis and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus became established in the bovine eye and produced disease. Subconjunctival or intracorneal inoculation of M. bovis caused a severe disease, simulating natural infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. Only the intracorneal inoculation of mycoplasma produced severe keratoconjunctivits. Eyes that on initial exposure to M. bovis became severly inflamed were more resistant to a second or third exposure to M. bovis, presumably by enhanced local defence mechanisms.

Adenoviridae Infections↗