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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The neurotropic and cardiotropic properties of new amino acid derivatives of isonicotinic acid].

Different derivatives of isonicotinic acid are used widely enough as antimicrobial and antituberculous agents. However, their neurotropic and cardiotropic effects have been studied little. The paper is concerned with investigations of these types of the activity of the new derivatives of isonicotinic acid: beta-phenyl-beta-alanine, l-proline, DL-valine, beta-alanine and DL-threonine synthesized for the first time at the Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Armenia.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1985

Response of the cockroach brain gamma-aminobutyric acid system to isonicotinic acid hydrazide and mercaptopropionic acid.

The presence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as well as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) enzymes was demonstrated in the cockroach (Periplaneta americana) brain. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) in vivo (2.19 mumol/g) inhibited brain GAD activity, the inhibition lasted for about 2 hours and the normal activity levels reappeared at 4 h after INH administration. Brain GABA levels increased initially but then declined and were restored to normal levels at 4 h after INH administration. GABA-T activity was strongly inhibited by INH and a total 100% inhibition was observed at 2-3 h following INH treatment. The GABA-T activity, however, began to recover after 3 h but only 37% of the total enzyme activity was released from inhibition. Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) in vivo (32 micrograms/g) inhibited brain GAD activity and depleted GABA level also. Results indicate that INH response of the cockroach brain GABA system is similar to that reported for the chick brain but differs from that of the mammalian brain.

3-Mercaptopropionic Acid↗
PubMed1996

Determination of isonicotinic acid in the presence of isoniazid and acetylisoniazid. Studies on isonicotinic acid formation from isoniazid in isolated rat hepatocytes.

In comparison with the hepatocytes obtained from intact rats and rats pretreated with phenobarbital or 3-methylchoranthrene, the amount of isonicotinic acid (INA) formed from isoniazid (INH) increased substantially after incubation at 37 degrees C using the pretreated hepatocytes. This suggests an oxidative pathway for INA formation from INH, apart from hydrolysis. In order to explore the exact mechanism of INA formation in the hepatocytes, an HPLC assay for INA in the presence of INH and acetylisoniazid was developed. In this assay, INA was extracted after the preparation of an ion pair with tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide, and analysed using an ODS column and a mobile phase consisting of 0.067 M potassium dihydrogenphosphate solution-methanol (96:4, v/v). The method is simple, accurate and especially suitable for INA determination after incubation of INH in isolated rat hepatocytes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drug metabolism in experimental tuberculosis: II. Modification of monooxygenase activities due to infection by the administration of isonicotinic acid hydrazide.

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) upon administration to tuberculous guinea pigs exhibited curative effect by bringing back the tissue weights to normal. The reduced hepatic content of cytochrome P450 and NADPH-cytochrome C reductase activity of tuberculous guinea-pigs was restored to normal by INH treatment. Also a similar effect of INH was observed in the case of aminopyrine-N-demethylase and benzphetamine-N-demethylase in the liver and lung of tuberculous guinea-pigs. But INH had little effect on the content of cytochrome b5 and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase activity. The hepatic and pulmonary activities of glutathione-S-transferase exhibited a tendency to come back to normal while UDP-glucuronyl transferase was unaffected by INH administration to the infected animals. The results suggest that the treatment of tuberculous guinea-pigs with INH cause the normalisation of disturbed hepatic and pulmonary metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition of transcription by isonicotinic acid hydrazide.

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) reacts with the CMP moiety of a polynucleotide at slightly acid and alkaline pH. The reaction product, when used as a template in the cell-free transcription step, greatly diminishes the incorporation of GMP. In this system we were not able to show that INH -- in contrast with hydrazin -- is potentially capable of producing point mutations, since noncomplementary incorporation could not be observed with a poly(C)/INH adduct as template. Hydrazine could not be detected when INH was incubated with liver-cell fractions.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Niacin. II: Identification of isonicotinic acid in niacin by liquid chromatography with diode array detection.

Isonicotinic acid impurity in bulk niacin was detected and identified by comparison with a reference material by liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. The niacin was dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid and chromatographed on an amine column with a mobile phase of methanol and water acidified with formic acid. Isonicotinic acid has a relative retention time of 1.5 compared with niacin (nicotinic acid), and the wavelengths of maximum ultraviolet (UV) absorbance for isonicotinic acid and niacin are 270 and 260 nm, respectively. The amount of impurity found in the niacin sample was 0.3%. Twelve formulations, including sustained-release products, one bulk material, and the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) reference standard were tested. The impurity was detected in only the bulk and USP reference material samples.

Chromatography, Liquid↗
PubMed2002

[Electrochemical behavior of dopamine at the poly (isonicotinic acid) modified glassy carbon electrode].

AIM: To study the determination of dopamine (DA) in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) using poly (isonicotinic acid) film modified electrode. METHODS: The cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used to study the electrochemical behavior of DA at the poly (isonicotinic acid) film modified electrode. RESULTS: The poly (isonicotinic acid) film modified electrode showed an electrocatalytic effect on DA, and shifted the oxidation of AA to negative potential. The difference between the oxidation potentials of DA and AA was 204 mV, thus, AA did not interfere with the determination of DA. The linear range between the anodic currents and DA concentration was: 1.0 x 10(-7)-2.0 x 10(-5) and 2.0 x 10(-5)-1.0 x 10(-4) mol.L-1. The detection limit was 8.0 x 10(-9) mol.L-1. CONCLUSION: The useful life period of the modified electrode is three weeks at least. The modified electrode can be used to the determination of DA in the sample.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1980

The effect of substrate on inhibition of Corynebacterium lepus by isonicotinic acid hydrazide (Isoniazid).

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) inhibits the growth of Corynebacterium lepus on hexadecane but has no effect on its growth on fructose. INH also inhibits the production of the mycolic acid containing lipopeptide bioemulsifier normally produced by C. lepus in response to an insoluble substate. The primary effect of INH appears to be inhibition of mycolic acid synthesis, which limits the growth of C. lepus on hexadecane by reducing the concentration of bioemulsifier.

Alkanes↗