Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Integrated Programs”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Program integrity as a moderator of prevention program effectiveness: results for fifth-grade students in the adolescent alcohol prevention trial.

This study reports the results of a test of the quality of program delivery (program integrity) as a variable that may moderate the effectiveness of alcohol prevention programs. Two theory-based programs, Resistance Training and Normative Education, were delivered to fifth-grade students who were then tested on program relevant mediating variables. Resistance Training was found to improve students' knowledge of peer pressure resistance strategies, their performance on a behavioral assessment of peer pressure resistance skills and the manifestation of their future intentions to drink alcohol. Normative Education was found to improve students' perceptions of a conservative norm regarding alcohol use, facilitated their belief that refusing unwanted offers to drink alcohol could be easily accomplished and reduced their perceptions of the prevalence of alcohol use. Program integrity was measured by program specialists who taught the programs to students and by trained observers. Ratings of program integrity were found to significantly moderate outcomes for three of seven mediating variables. Affected were knowledge of peer pressure resistance strategies, behavioral pressure resistance skills and perceived self-efficacy. These results suggest that the quality of program delivery and reception may play an important moderating function on prevention program effectiveness.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An effective skin integrity program.

Nursing staff development personnel are responsible for increasing the awareness of nursing staff of the problems caused by pressure ulcers and for supplying them with information needed for prevention and treatment. In answer to one hospital's needs, a hospital-wide, nurse-initiated, nurse-managed skin integrity program was developed and instituted. Protocols for treatment were standardized according to the latest concepts in wound healing. Basic components of the program were included in a comprehensive but succinct reference manual available on each nursing unit. Strategies for implementation were carefully planned to include feedback, approval, and support of selected physicians and nurses. Key for an effective, ongoing skin integrity program are the skin integrity clinicians and educated, confident, and enthusiastic staff nurses. Throughout the process of introducing this program, education of various groups of health-care professionals--physicians, staff nurses, skin integrity clinicians--by the Nursing Staff Development Department was pivotal in achieving a relatively smooth implementation of the program. Outcomes have demonstrated the success of this skin integrity program to both patients and staff. Creative planning, diligent research, skillful organization, and credibility of the specialists in the Nursing Staff Development Department were important elements in the development, implementation, and success of this skin integrity program.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1994

Efficacy of a sensory integration program on behaviors of inpatients with dementia.

OBJECTIVES: Dementia is the disease most frequently leading to admission in long-term care institutions, primarily because persons with this disease exhibit several behavioral problems. The objective of this study was to measure the efficacy of the sensory integration program developed by Ross and Burdick in improving the functioning of persons with dementia. METHOD: Forty subjects with dementia (28 women, 12 men, mean age of 78.4 years) in three different institutional settings in Quebec City, Canada, were randomly assigned to the study (n = 22) or control (n = 18) group. Subjects in the study group participated in three 45-min sessions of a sensory integration program per week for 10 weeks. Outcomes were measured using the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist and the Psychogeriatric Scale of Basic Activities of Daily Living. RESULTS: The sensory integration program had no significant effect on the behaviors of the study group. CONCLUSION: Before this type of program is labeled inefficacious, other studies are necessary to determine whether modifying the frequency of sessions, the number of subjects, and the measuring instruments would lead to similar results.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Integrated program of post-graduation, medical residence and masters in the Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais].

An integrated program of medical residence and master ship the UFMG School of Medicine is discussed. Besides the regular activities in the medical residence, after the second year, students could have access to courses such as Epidemiology, Statistics, Research Methodology as part of their scientific formation. At the end of the residence program, the Medical Resident would be able to finish a dissertation an to get a MS degree in Medicine.

Brazil↗
PubMed1996

TongueTwister: an integrated program for analyzing lickometer data.

The analysis of lickometer data is often rendered prohibitively tedious by the large volume of data generated by the typical experiment. TongueTwister is an integrated program for the rapid and automatic analysis, presentation, and summary of long- and medium-access data collected by lickometers or of brief-access data collected by multi-bottle lickometers such as the DiLog Instruments MS80. The program was written in C+2 for Macintosh computers, and analyzes data collected by MS-DOS PCs. It takes advantage of the Macintosh user interface to provide quick and convenient output from all the files of a single experimental session, and to export the data to third-party statistical software or other documents. It can batch-process data files by automatically opening and analyzing all the files in a directory; thus, the user can employ directories as a simple database for organizing experimental groups. When a lickometer data file is opened, a textual summary, a raster plot of the lick pattern, the cumulative licks, the lick rate, a histogram of inter-lick intervals, and a breakdown of the session by fractions are automatically calculated and displayed. When an MS80 brief-access file is opened, the lick pattern for each tube presentation and a textual summary of the mean values derived for each tube are automatically displayed. If a directory of files is opened, the mean values derived across all the individual files are calculated and graphed. Analysis parameters can be tailored to the investigator's liking. Tables or graphs can be saved to disk, or copied and pasted into other Macintosh programs for additional analysis. The program may also be used for general-purpose analysis of periodic event records.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Glucose intolerance as contributor to noncommunicable disease morbidity and mortality. WHO integrated program for community health in noncommunicable diseases.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has considerable evidence that several interrelated factors (e.g., smoking, hypertension, cholesterol, and obesity) contribute to total mortality. Data are presented documenting that glucose intolerance is also a risk factor for total mortality, as well as for cancer and cardiovascular morality. The Kaunas-Rotterdam Intervention Study, which documented glucose tolerance and mortality in a cohort of men, shows a linear increase in total mortality with increasing blood glucose levels. By use of multiple logistic regressions, glucose was shown to be a significant risk factor (c = .2534, t = 4.0) for total mortality. A paradigm is presented in which diabetes is placed as a disease and glucose intolerance as a risk factor within the total scheme for the development of noncommunicable diseases. The WHO action plan for integrated programs in noncommunicable diseases is discussed. The program expands on the experience gained by WHO investigators in community programs and proposes a cooperative effort globally in community-based programming.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A sensory-integration program for blind campers.

An occupational therapy pilot program with emphasis on sensory integration was introduced into a six-week day camp for 18 blind children. The therapist screened and assessed the children through a number of tests that did not require sight. A treatment session was held five mornings each week that stressed individual therapy, and involved balance, movement, and body form concepts. The campers' performance improved in vestibular integration, in lessening of fear of movement, and, in some, in improved integration of reflexes. Plans have been made to continue the program in succeeding summers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a structured breast-feeding promotion program integrated into a Maternal and Child Health service in Jerusalem.

A community program for promotion of breast-feeding integrated into the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services is presented and evaluated, using two quasi-experimental designs, comparison groups and time trends. The program, which began in 1981, included guidance from the 7th month of pregnancy to 6 months post-delivery. An increase in the percentage of breast-feeding mothers and the duration of breast-feeding was noted in the post-intervention cohorts (1981-82 and 1985) compared with the preintervention cohorts (1979-81). The comparison of the breast-feeding pattern of the 1985 birth cohort from the MCH service exposed to the program with a similar group receiving routine MCH care indicated that the percentage of mothers breast-feeding fully or partially was consistently higher among the intervention group compared with the control group at 4, 13 and 26 weeks (P = 0.0045), and the mean duration of full breast-feeding was 9.3 weeks compared with 7.0 weeks (P = 0.028). The program had a greater effect on mothers with a lower educational standard, thus closing the gap in the breast-feeding pattern by educational level in the intervention group. The evaluation indicates that a structured breast-feeding promotion program is more effective than the routine guidance received in the MCH service.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1993

Autotransfusion program: integrated use of different techniques.

A successful autologous program should enroll all appropriate patients, conserve homologous blood and minimise the exposure to the risks of donor blood. A program of autotransfusion and proper use of blood has been implemented since 1980 with the objectives to include all eligible patients and to transfuse autologous blood only. The following strategies were adopted: critical review of transfusion indications; control of overtransfusion; avoidance of waste; systematic and integrated use of all autotransfusion techniques currently available. Results in 1992 in elective surgery: 98% enrollment, 75% blood conservation. Exposure to homologous blood was completely avoided in 53% of the cases.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed1986

[Planned dairy herd health II. An integrated gynecological program].

Integrated gynaecological programmes play an extremely important role in total herd health control by ensuring the maintenance of optimal reproduction and production. The economic implications of reduced breeding efficiency manifest in, and are reflected by total lifetime milk production, the size of the calf drop, the availability of replacement animals and increased involuntary culling rate. Measured against production costs (feed, labour and veterinary expenses), lowered reproductive efficiency erodes the margin of profitability of the farming enterprise. Herd health programmes must be well planned, stringently implemented and regularly evaluated to ensure their effectiveness. To this end they must be based on simple and practical guidelines which can be adapted as required to cope with varied farming and management conditions. This paper outlines the setting of clear objectives, factors to consider during the introductory phasing in of an integrated gynaecological programme and details of each subsequent routine visit. Ideal objectives are presented and discussed in terms of the individual animal as well as the herd. Suggested figures for each parameter are given. The significance of oestrus observation is stressed as cardinal to the attainment of many of the set objectives. The significance of calf management as the nucleus of the production of a healthy heifer replacement herd is discussed. During the introductory phase, which can be a protracted period, the foundation for routine visits is laid. Herd structure is defined, facilities are evaluated, record systems are set up and the farmer is groomed as to his role in the successful implementation of the planned programme. The value of a control questionnaire is highlighted, and factors considered are set out. The method of the routine gynaecological programme is discussed in detail. The necessity for a standard examination list is set out and the various categories of cows to be examined on each routine visit is clearly outlined, with important factors relating to each being highlighted. Examples of the various forms used are given. Evaluation of the acquired data should be done immediately, and discussed with the farmer during the current visit. Findings can be compared with those of previous visits, analysed, and recommendations may be considered immediately in consultation with the farmer. Dairy farming is a highly complex farming enterprise involving large capital outlays, intensification of labour and astute management for optimal and economic production.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1989

[Influenza vaccination: evaluation of an integrated program in a basic urban health area].

We have evaluated the fulfillment of the aims of an integrated influenza vaccination program for a basic urban health area. We have focused the analysis on the vaccine coverage for age and sex groups, groups of risk modifiers and risk gradient. We have evaluated the most adequate method of call. Overall coverage was 64.6%. This rate was higher in risk groups such as diabetes, heart disease and chronic airflow limitation. Rates of 74.9%, 81.8% and 94.11% were achieved in groups with two, three and four risk modifiers. The direct call was considered the most effective method of catchment. The major conclusion was that the attempted coverage rates were not achieved. We suggest that the "non-vaccinated" individual profile should be investigated and the motivation level of the health professionals should be improved to increase the yield of the influenza vaccination programs.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Academic associate program: integrating clinical emergency medicine research with undergraduate education.

An educational program that teaches undergraduate students about clinical research related to emergency medicine is described. The students work as research assistants within the ED, thus providing a departmental framework for the enrollment of patients in clinical studies. Volunteers interested in the program undergo a physical examination, vaccination history, and standard serologic testing, and sit through a formal blood and body fluid exposure course offered by the university prior to their clinical research participation. A didactic curriculum on clinical research concepts and course examinations is provided. Over the 4 years since the department established its departmental research goals and this educational program, the departmental publication rate has increased from 2 to 20 manuscripts. While there was only 1 faculty member with a research publication in 1992, there were 9 faculty with manuscripts accepted for publication in the first 6 months of 1996. Similarly, more nurses and ancillary staff have become involved in prospective clinical research. Much of this success is attributed to the novel use of resources through the academic associate program.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1996

Pilot test results comparing the All Stars program with seventh grade D.A.R.E.: program integrity and mediating variable analysis.

A pilot test of a new program, All Stars, was completed. Four variables known from prior research to mediate high-risk behaviors were measured: 1) personal commitment to avoid participating in high-risk behaviors, 2) ideals incongruent with high-risk behaviors, 3) bonding with prosocial institutions, and 4) conventional beliefs about social norms regarding high-risk behaviors. Compared to students who received the seventh grade D.A.R.E. program, students' who received the All Stars program had significantly better outcomes on each mediator. All Stars students also gave superior ratings to the program and their involvement in it.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stomatological component in the integrated program of prevention of non-infectious chronic diseases in the Latvian S.S.R. 3. Elaboration of the primary prevention program for essential stomatological diseases].

The stomatological component draft of the integrated programme regarding the prophylaxis of non-infectious chronic diseases in the Latvian SSR is shown. Authors describe the aims and tasks, the criteria regarding the attainment of objects, the strategy, the levels of action, the basic methods, the contingent, the stomatological component, the stages of introduction of the established measures and the plans of scientific research to be carried out in the framework of the proposed draft.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Specifics of cognitive behavioral therapy in schizophrenia. Integrated program of psychological therapy].

According to the authors, information processing disorders contribute essentially to the vulnerability of the schizophrenic patient. Attentional/perceptual and cognitive disorders exert a pervasive influence on more complex levels of overt behavior in schizophrenia. Conversely, behavioral deficits influence cognitive functioning as well. Psychosocial rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia must therefore address the impact of disordered attentional/perceptual and conceptual processes and their integrating organization on behavior as well as the effects of behavioral dysfunctions on cognition. The Integrated Psychological Treatment Program (IPT) for schizophrenic patients provides means of addressing these interactions. The designation "integrated" implies that the treatment is directed at cognitive disorders as well as behavioral/social deficits by using highly structured interventions, and is carried out with "reality-oriented" material. This treatment approach has been developed by Brenner and al., since 1976. The original IPT includes five subprograms: Cognitive Differentiation, Social Perception, Verbal Communication, Social Skills and Interpersonal Problem Solving. Patients first work on improving disordered basic cognitive functions in the Cognitive Differentiation subprogram. Exercises are directed at impairments in attentional/perceptual and conceptual processes. Mastery of this subprogram leads to the Social Perception subprogram, which aims at disturbances in processes of stimulus discrimination and interpretation on perceiving and assessing social interactions. The Verbal Communication subprogram follows successful completion of the previous subprograms and trains associative-semantic processes as well as basic skills necessary for conversation. In the Social Skills subprogram, interpersonal behaviors and self-instructions required for gaining instrumental and emotional aims are taught.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1989

[Implementation of an integrated program of prevention of chronic nonspecific diseases in the Kaĭshiador region of the Lithuanian SSR].

An integrated prevention programme of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CND) was started by the Lithuanian SSR in 1983. Improvement of population's health status due to primary preventive activities aimed at prevention of risk factors' development and correction was defined as the basic long-term goal of the programme. Organizational aspects of the integrated programme carried out in the Kaishyador Region of the Lithuanian SSR were described. Some results obtained during the implementation of the programme on prevalence and correction of major CND risk factors were presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cocaine abuse in methadone maintenance programs: integrating pharmacotherapy with psychosocial interventions.

Cocaine abuse by methadone-maintained patients threatens to undermine the success of methadone programs by sustaining a drug-abusing lifestyle as well as contributing to the spread of HIV. The search for a pharmacotherapeutic agent for the treatment of cocaine has met with limited success. The most promising results emerge when specific agents, such as desipramine, are matched appropriately to specific patient characteristics, such as depression or antisocial personality disorder. For some patients, abstinence from cocaine may also require the addition of intensive psychosocial treatments that target the considerable problems faced by inner-city opioid-addicted individuals. This article discusses ways in which future research could be directed toward investigating the interaction between psychosocial services and pharmacologic treatments, while at the same time developing and testing hypotheses concerning appropriate patient-treatment matching variables.

Cocaine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Control of yaws and other endemic treponematoses: implementation of vertical and/or integrated programs.

Previous mass campaigns against the endemic treponematoses have taught investigators several lessons that, along with current constraints and altered circumstances, must be considered in the formulation of a contemporary strategy for the control or eradication of yaws, endemic syphilis, or pinta. A time-limited, vertical approach is necessary in highly endemic areas initially to reduce the level of transmission. Elsewhere, control activities should be integrated into other primary health care interventions, especially health education, water and sanitation programs, maternal and child health care, and provision of essential drugs. Control of the endemic treponematoses is an ideal means of strengthening primary health care in endemic areas.

Adolescent↗