[Absorption, excretion and distribution of amikacin following intravenous drip infusion. Intravenous drip infusion, one shot intravenous injection and intramuscular administration of amikacin in dogs, rabbits and rats].
Absorption, excretion and distribution of amikacin sulfate (AMK) obtained following administration by drip intravenous infusion (d.i.v.) were studied in dogs, rabbits and rats, and were compared with those obtained after one shot intravenous infusion (i.v.) and intramuscular injection (i.m.). 1. The plasma concentration and urinary excretion of AMK following d.i.v. were compared with those after i.v. and i.m. in dogs and rabbits. The peaks of plasma concentration following d.i.v. were obtained at the end of d.i.v. and it was clearly observed a linear dependence between the peak values and the doses both in dogs and in rabbits. There were no significant differences in the peak plasma concentrations between 1 hour d.i.v. and i.m. at the doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg in dogs and at each dose in rabbits. At the higher dose (100 mg/kg) in dogs, the peak plasma concentration following 1 hour d.i.v. was slightly higher than that after i.m. The plasma concentrations at 10 minutes after i.v. were elevated about twice as high as the peak plasma concentrations following 1 hour d.i.v. both in dogs and in rabbits. The urinary recoveries following d.i.v. and i.v. were more than 90% and those after i.m. were about 85%. 2. The tissue and organ concentrations of AMK following 1 hour d.i.v. were studies in rats and rabbits. The peak concentrations were obtained at the end of d.i.v. in any tissue and organ. Kidney was the highest and plasma, lungs, heart, stomach and so on were followed. The concentration in kidney was remained but those in other tissues and organs were decreased soon. 3. The plasma concentrations following d.i.v. in dogs were well agreed with the pharmacokinetic analysis in the two-compartment model, as the means of relative errors (1Xm - Xc1 divided by Xc) between the measured plasma concentration (Xm) and the calculated one (Xc) were less than 10% and the deviations of the pharmacokinetic parameters were in little ranges. The plasma concentrations during and just after d.i.v. were also agreed enough with the pharmacokinetic analysis in the one-compartment model.