Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Informed Consent”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Comprehension of informed consent information by young-old through old-old volunteers.

Comprehension of typewritten informed consent information was evaluated for young-old (60-69 years) through old-old (80-89 years) volunteers as a function of years of education (less than 12, 12, and greater than 12), readability of information (low [college level] vs high [7th grade]), and typeface used in the preparation of the materials (Prestige Elite 72, Letter Gothic, and Orator). All volunteers (N = 235) read a typewritten information sheet and retained it for review while answering eight multiple choice questions. Immediate feedback was provided, and a second test was administered if any answers were incorrect. The findings indicated that comprehension varied directly with education and inversely with age. Typeface and age interacted due to age-related differences with the two smaller (Prestige Elite and Letter Gothic), but not with the largest of the typefaces (Orator). These findings suggest that the observed age-related differences may have been due to visual and not cognitive deficits. Readability did not affect performance either by itself or in combination with any other variable.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2001

Informed consent, informed refusal, informed choice--what is it that makes a patient's medical treatment decisions informed?

Informed consent is the fundamental ethical and legal doctrine that protects the patient's rights of personal autonomy and bodily self-determination. An adjunct to the doctrine of informed consent advanced by some is the notion of informed refusal. According to advocates of this concept, incoherent, unconscious, or otherwise incapacitated patients cannot make informed treatment choices because such patients cannot receive a full and current explanation of their health problems and treatment options. This, in turn, raises serious questions about what it is that makes a patient's treatment decisions--whether consents or refusals--informed. Is current, detailed information about the patient's medical condition and treatment options an ethical and legal prerequisite? Can non-medical values and concerns of the patient ever suffice to make the patient's treatment choices informed? How does the concept of informed refusal affect the use of health-care advance directives? This paper will address these important questions.

Christianity↗
PubMed1997

Client preferences for informed consent information.

Thirty-five current therapy clients, 47 former clients, and 42 college students with no therapy experience rated 27 items in terms of importance for inclusion in informed consent discussions. The current and former client samples rated information about inappropriate therapeutic techniques, confidentiality, and the risks of alternative treatments as most important, and information about the personal characteristics of the therapist and the therapist's degree as least important. The results of this study provide evidence for differential informed consent disclosure practices.

Attitude↗
PubMed1994

Informed consent: information about the physician.

Does the doctrine of 'informed consent' require disclosure about the physician? Recent developments indicate that the doctrine requires information not only about the treatment but also about the physician. There is also modification in the requirement of proof of a causal nexus between the lack of informed consent and injury.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2004

The effect of format modifications and reading comprehension on recall of informed consent information by low-income parents: a comparison of print, video, and computer-based presentations.

A randomized trial comparing the amount of knowledge orally recalled from four different presentations of the same consent information was conducted in a non-clinic sample of 233 low-income parents who displayed a range of reading comprehension skill. The study simulated recruitment of children into one of two actual studies underway at another location: one involved high risk to participants, the other did not. Use of a non-clinic sample controlled for prior knowledge of the conditions, and avoiding discussion of the information further assured that differences in recalled information could be attributed more confidently to the format itself. The formats included the original written forms, enhanced print (simpler language, topic headings, pictures), narrated videotapes, and self-paced PowerPoint presentations via laptop computer with bulleted print information, pictures, and narration. No format-related differences in recalled information were found in the full sample but for the 124 individuals with reading comprehension scores at or below the 8th grade level, the enhanced print version tended to be more effective than either the original form or the video. Across all formats, more information was recalled about the low-risk study. The findings emphasize the necessity for clinicians and researchers to verify understanding of consent information, especially when there is risk of reduced literacy skill. Reliance on video to convey information in preference to well-done print media appeared questionable.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Informed consent: information or knowledge?

A fiduciary relationship should be nurtured between patient and physician. This requires effective communication throughout all aspects of care - especially pertaining to treatment decisions. In the context of illness as experienced by the patient a unique set of circumstances is presented. However, communication in an illness context is fraught with problems. The patient is vulnerable and the situation may be overwhelming. Voluminous amounts of information are available to patients from a host of health care providers, family members, support groups, advocacy centers, books, journals, and the internet. Often conflicting and confusion, frequently complex, this information may be of greater burden than benefit. Some information is of high validity and reliability while other information is of dubious reliability. The emotional freight of bad news may further inhibit understanding. An overload of information may pose an obstacle in decision-making. To facilitate the transformation of information into knowledge, the health care provider must act on some occasions as a filter, on other occasions as a conduit, and on still other occasions simply as a reservoir. The evolution of patient rights to receive or refuse treatment, the right to know or not to know calls for a change in processing of overwhelming information in our modem era. In this paper we will discuss the difference between information and knowledge. How can health care providers ensure they have given their patients all necessary and sufficient information to make an autonomous decision? How can they facilitate the transformation of information into knowledge? The effect of knowledge to consent allows a more focused, relevant and modern approach to choice in health care.

Comprehension↗
PubMed1998

[Role of nursing informed consent].

Informed consent is important for medical practice. Pilot study of comprehensive discharge planning at Higashi Sapporo Hospital suggested that there was a relationship between informed consent and patients' length of stay. Also in a study of home care systems for advanced cancer patients, it was one of the most important factors that they knew their true diagnoses, especially in young cancer patients. Informed consent, that is shared decision making, is an important communication process between patients and professional care givers. We consider the roles of nursing for informed consent are as follows: 1. Support of patients' decision making; 1) promotion of patients' understanding of their own situation, a. active listening, b. information disclosure, c. psychological support, 2) advocation, 3) assisting patients understanding of doctor's explanations, 2. Promotion of good relationships between patients and professional staff, 3. Coordination with patients and/or their families and/or professional care givers, 4. Ethical issues, and 5. Education for health promotion. However there are some problems remaining: for example, 1. Nurses after feel then have little role in informed consent, which is an issue for physicians. 2. Nurses must improve their professional skill and knowledge, 3. Nurses must perform more actively and independently.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

The research process: informed consent.

Informed consent is a vital part of the research proposal and study. Informed consent is based on principles of autonomy ie, individuals have a right to full disclosure of information in order to make an informed decision and to assume responsibility for the consequences of their decision. Informed consent also contains a legal element whereby failure to obtain it is considered negligence and/or battery. Conducting studies when patients are medicated, ill, or very young or very old require special steps to verify that subjects are fully informed. It is important that PACU nurses pay particular attention to the informed consent process when planning and conducting research studies.

Consent Forms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Legal and ethical myths about informed consent.

Informed consent is a foundational concept of medical ethics. Since its enunciation almost 4 decades ago, it has engendered, and continues to engender, a great deal of debate and opposition from practicing physicians. We believe that much of the negative reaction to informed consent stems from some fundamental misunderstandings about what informed consent requires. This article discusses and refutes several myths about informed consent that have acquired some currency among physicians.

Comprehension↗
PubMed1983

Issues for informed consent.

Informed consent from a cytapheresis donor is the culmination of a complex decision making process during which the blood collecting agency presents sufficient information to enable the donor to make a free choice whether or not to donate. The institution bears the responsibility for providing all information relevant to the donor's decision, whether favorable or unfavorable. At no other stage of its contact with the donor can a collecting agency discharge its public trust more meaningfully. Thus, informed consent is not only the greatest altruistic expression from the unrelated volunteer donor, or the expression of deepest commitment to the family for the related donor, it is also the fullest expression of the value which the institute places on the autonomy of the donor. The foundation upon which the concept of informed consent rests has been laid by law, medicine, government, ethics, and religion. Although the procedures accompanying the informed consent process appear bureaucratic, they should be viewed as the components of a remarkable, dynamic process. The consent of a donor to undergo cytapheresis is an eloquent statement of the value he or she places on the importance of another human being's life.

Blood Component Removal↗