Wegner Health Science Information Center Information Update, May 2005. Depression.
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Depression↗
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Postmenopausal osteoporosis management--a Wegner Health Science Information Center information update. November 2006.
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Combined Modality Therapy↗
Wegner Health Science Information Center information update, August 2004. West Nile Virus.
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Central Nervous System Viral Diseases↗
[EEC Information Center. Information concerning employment in member countries of the European Economic Community: Belgium, Denmark, German Federal Republic, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Ireland, the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Northern Ireland)].
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Employment↗
[Current activities of the Japan Poison Information Center and Information Network for Poisoning via the Internet].
The current activities of the Japan Poison Information Center and poison information originally collected by it are explained. The Information Network for Poisoning via the Internet in Japan is also introduced, including some useful related sites based abroad.
Humans↗
A specialized information center. The clinical neurology information center.
The history, philosophy, and methodology of a unique specialized medical information center are reported. The Clinical Neurology Information Center is an educational information service (giving its audience information which can be the basis for formulating their own questions) rather than an instructional information service (giving information in reply to questions). Clinical, as well as basic neuroscience, information is culled by professional neurologists from 855 medical periodicals. The essence of each article is summarized in a single sentence ("terse conclusions") or a bibliographic reference only is given; this material is published every two weeks in the Concise Clinical Neurology Review (CCNR). The format of the CCNR is such that the reader should be able to scan a very large amount of current literature by investing only twenty to thirty minutes every two weeks. The values of this system as well as some of its problems are discussed.
Abstracting and Indexing↗
The Lithium Information Center: an efficient information service.
The Lithium Information Center is described as a response to the accelerated growth of information regarding a specific health care topic. The authors describe the body of literature that is managed by the Lithium Information Center, discuss how that information is stored and retrieved, indicate the advantages of this kind of information management compared to other health care information services, and note extraordinary peripheral ways in which the Center contributes to the continued growth of useful information about lithium and its therapeutic uses. It is concluded that the Center might be used as a model for others who wish to manage literature of content areas in which interest is increasing rapidly.
Drug Information Services↗
Effectiveness of drug information centers.
Drug information centers (DICs) have existed for more than 20 years in the U.S., with the number growing over this period to approximately 120 centers. Although future growth in the number of centers will be limited, the present activities will become more refined and productive. The present activities of drug information centers can be classified into three general areas: service, education, and research. The scope of the services provided often depends on location and affiliations. Likewise, these same factors may influence involvement in education and research activities. The effectiveness of centers is measured most often in terms of service productivity and perceived value by users. The methods and results of such evaluations are reviewed with discussion of the need to develop more definitive standards of practice.
Drug Information Services↗
European drug information centers.
Drug information is a clinical specialty throughout the United States and Europe. This professional support service not only addresses drug information requests, but also provides pharmacy (drug) and therapeutics support, newsletter publication, fee-for-service consultation, education, drug policy development, and research. Although the primary services of drug information centers (DICs) in Europe are similar to those in the United States, substantial differences have been reported. Recent surveys have compared the locations, resources, staff, and services of the DICs throughout Europe. DICs in the United States and Europe play a pivotal role in the provision of pharmaceutical care to patients as well as providing support to hospital functions.
Drug Information Services↗
Dolphin project--cooperative regional clinical system centered on clinical information center.
In 2001, a system was created to improve patient service, improve the quality of medical care, and achieve efficient medical care. A Data Center was established to accumulate and manage clinical information in the regions and share clinical information safely and appropriately. The system has already been in operation for 3 years. Even though a patient may have been examined at multiple hospitals, his medical record information will be integrated at the Center. This ensures medical care continuity and enables the patient to view his own medical records at home. Its usefulness in obtaining informed consent has been demonstrated as well. XML instances established in the MML standards (MML (Medical Markup Language): http.//www.medxml.net/E_mml30/mmlv3_E_index.htm Accessed July 2004; Jpn. J. Med. Informatics (JJMI) 17(3):203-207, 1997; J. Med. Syst. 24(3):195-211, 2000; J. Med. Syst. 27(4):357-366, 2003; J. Med. Syst. 28(6):523-533, 2004) are used for Electronic Medical Record System data exchange between the Data Center and each medical institution. The openness provided by XML makes it possible to connect diverse electronic medical records to the Center. As of the year 2004, over 10 types of electronic medical records have an MML interface, enabling connection to the Center.
Cooperative Behavior↗
Community, hospital and clinical pharmacists and drug information centers as physician drug information sources.
The use of drug information centers and clinical, hospital and community pharmacists by university and community practice physicians in North Carolina was examined. Questionnaires were sent to 674 nonfederal physicians with a response rate of 203 (35.5%). Approximately half of the sample were staff members of a university hospital. The questionnaire covered eight types of drug information. Significant results were reported at the p = 0.05 level. Physicians sought specific drug information approximately one to four times a month. University hospital-affiliated physicians rated clinical and hospital pharmacists significantly higher than community pharmacists for six subject areas, and they also ranked clinical pharmacists over hospital pharmacists on four subject areas and considered them more reliable than other pharmacy drug information sources. Physicians associated with community hospitals ranked hospital pharmacists over community pharmacists as sources of information for four areas and rated them more reliable than other pharmacy drug information sources; this group preferred to use community pharmacists for information on product availability. It appears that clinical pharmacists are used by university-associated physicians as drug information sources. Use in community hospitals of the hospital pharmacist as a drug information source is better than the literature might suggest.
Attitude of Health Personnel↗
An Israeli model of a hospital emergency information center.
The Emergency Information Center model developed by the social work department of Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center is activated in cases of mass casualties following disasters. It aims to provide reliable information to help the public cope with confusion and uncertainty, and to enable the medical staff to concentrate on treating the casualties. The Information Center is comprised of several interrelated units within the hospital, and maintains contact with a range of community organizations. The article describes the structure and activities of the various units, and discusses a number of aspects relevant to personnel organization in crisis intervention.
Emergency Service, Hospital↗
Drug information centers: an overview.
Drug information centers have existed for more than 20 years. Well over 100 centers function across the country, primarily affiliated with hospitals and/or colleges of pharmacy. The centers serve an audience of primarily health professionals but in some settings meet consumer needs. Three general areas of responsibility exist: service, education and research. In the area of service, specific functions such as answering questions, supporting the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee, and preparing newsletters are frequent. Educational responsibilities often include teaching pharmacy students drug information skills. Evaluation of the services has focused mostly on answering questions and Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) Committee functions. Commercial information systems used by Drug Information Centers (DICs) are increasingly sophisticated and offer the opportunity to improve efficiency. Funding generally is provided by the institution with which the center is affiliated. Attempts to charge for services have provided only modest revenue. Drug information centers continue to mature and offer a useful service.
Data Collection↗
Current status of drug information centers.
The current status of drug information centers in the United States and trends that have developed over the past two decades were studied. In February 1990, questionnaires were sent to 218 pharmacist-operated drug information centers nationwide. The centers were identified through previously published directories and the ASHP electronic bulletin board PharmNet. The survey consisted of 182 questions designed to gather updated data on each drug information center. Responses to each question were coded individually, and data were analyzed by using a statistical analysis program. One hundred fifty-four drug information centers responded; of these, 130 provided usable responses. The results showed that the number of drug information centers has increased compared with earlier surveys. Also, the centers handle substantially larger workloads. Few drug information centers indicate a fee-for-service system. Computer use and online searching by drug information centers have increased. Most of the centers participate in the formal education of pharmacy students. Increases in the number of drug information centers and in their workload substantiate the growing importance of these centers to the health-care professions.
Computers↗
Comparing professional and consumer drug information centers.
Providing drug information to consumers is an essential component of medical and pharmaceutical care. In recent years, profit-based consumer-oriented drug information centers (DICs) or drug hot lines have developed to fill this need. This study compared the services and information provided by DICs for consumers with those provided by DICs for health care professionals. The two consumer-oriented DICs provided-accurate and professional information, similar in content to that provided by the health care professional DICs. Although the data were too small for statistical analysis, it appears that the consumer-oriented DICs offer a valuable service.
Drug Information Services↗
National survey of dietary supplement resources at drug information centers.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the resources drug information centers are currently using to respond to dietary supplement information requests and to determine the frequency with which drug information centers are used as sources of information on dietary supplements. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: United States. PARTICIPANTS: 116 drug information centers. INTERVENTIONS: Mail survey that collected information on the use of drug information centers for dietary supplement information requests and the dietary supplement-specific resources available at and used in these centers. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Survey responses, evaluated using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Drug information centers received a relatively small number of requests for information related to dietary supplements, and most such requests came from consumers. The centers had a number of resources available to assist in responding to those requests, with Facts and Comparisons' The Review of Natural Products and the print version of Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database being the resources most often at hand. The majority of respondents believed their centers were "usually able" to respond to the requests received. CONCLUSION: Drug information centers are often overlooked as sources of information about dietary supplements; however, centers have resources that are, by self-assessment, sufficient to respond to dietary supplement information requests. Great variation exists among centers in the resources available to address requests, with just two resources, the Review of Natural Products and the print version of Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, available to more than three-fourths of the respondents.
Data Collection↗
Accidental poisoning of children in Japan: a report from the Japan Poison Information Center.
The Japan Poison Information Center (JPIC) was founded only 6 years ago as a result of co-operation between the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, the Japan Pediatric Society and other related medical organizations. The JPIC is the only poison information center admitted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare to provide toxicological information to medical personnel and the general public, and has two offices on duty in alternating 24 h shifts. Every year, JPIC receives about 30,000 inquiries. About 82% of these inquiries are from the general public and 84% of the patients are children 5 years and younger. We contrasted the data in the fiscal year 1991 with the data of the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC). Child poison exposure in Japan is characterized by a high exposure rate of children under 1 year of age to (mostly) household products. The JPIC also analyzed the cause of tobacco ingestion. It is considered that the Japanese lifestyle causes differences from those reported by AAPCC. We report the accidental poisoning of children in Japan.
Accidents↗
A model for a health career information center.
A model health career information center was developed and evaluated at a university health science center. One part of the information center is a statewide, toll-free health careers hotline which provides information about health careers to high school and college students, parents, counselors, and teachers, especially in small schools and rural areas, which are not usually included in recruiting circuits. Evaluation of the hotline after one year of operation has indicated that it fills a need, is considered useful by callers, and is of a relatively small cost, considering the geographical coverage. The model information system proposed can be implemented in phases with only slight modifications to meet the unique needs of specific health science centers or their geographical location.
Career Choice↗